scholarly journals Effects of Combination Treatments with Astaxanthin-Loaded Microparticles and Pentoxifylline on Intracellular ROS and Radiosensitivity of J774A.1 Macrophages

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5152
Author(s):  
Eleonora Binatti ◽  
Gianni Zoccatelli ◽  
Francesca Zanoni ◽  
Giulia Donà ◽  
Federica Mainente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Protein Particles ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Radiation Treatments ◽  
Reactive Oxidants

Radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) is a serious, yet incurable, complication of external beam radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer. Macrophages are key cellular actors in RIF because of their ability to produce reactive oxidants, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines that, in turn, are the drivers of pro-fibrotic pathways. In a previous work, we showed that phagocytosis could be exploited to deliver the potent natural antioxidant astaxanthin specifically to macrophages. For this purpose, astaxanthin encapsulated into µm-sized protein particles could specifically target macrophages that can uptake the particles by phagocytosis. In these cells, astaxanthin microparticles significantly reduced intracellular ROS levels and the secretion of bioactive TGFβ and increased cell survival after radiation treatments. Here we show that pentoxifylline, a drug currently used for the treatment of muscle pain resulting from peripheral artery disease, amplifies the effects of astaxanthin microparticles on J774A.1 macrophages. Combination treatments with pentoxifylline and encapsulated astaxanthin might reduce the risk of RIF in cancer patients.

scholarly journals Liver Tolerance to Repeat 90Y-Microsphere Radioembolization

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McNeillie ◽  
Andrew S. Kennedy ◽  
William Dezarn ◽  
Scott L. Sailer ◽  
Mary England ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Liver Volume ◽  
Dose Calculation ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Resin Microspheres ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
And Function

Purpose: Liver tolerance to multiple doses of Y90-microspheres is not known. Many patients (pts) are surviving long enough to be considered for a second and third liver treatments with internal radiation. Materials and Methods: The experience of a single center treating liver tumors with resin Y90-microspheres. Pts that received liver radiation prior to or after resin microsphere therapy were studied. Endpoints were toxicity, tumor response, shunting to lung, and effects on liver volume and function. The delivery activity of microspheres selected was not reduced below BSA dose calculation for patients without prior treatment. All patients received bilobar single session delivery. Results: A total of 38 pts; 14 women, 24 men, treated 6∕2003 to 9∕2006, with 33 pts receiving 2 courses and 5 pts with 3 courses of liver radiation. Retreatment with resin microspheres 26 pts, prior external beam radiation in 7 pts, prior glass microspheres in 2 pts, prior systemic radiotherapy in 2 pts, and prior stereotactic liver radiation in 1 pt. Liver function was stable and adequate in all patients after additional liver radiation, and no pts developed radiation-induced liver dysfunction (RILD) or veno-occlusive disease (VOD). The percentage of shunting to the lung decreased with retreatment. Conclusions: Repeated implantation in the liver with Y90-microspheres is safe in patients that have sufficient liver function and reserve based on known and accepted laboratory parameters already used for selection of microsphere therapy. No acute life-threatening, fatal, or late liver damage was observed, RILD or VOD. No specific dose reduction is recommended for retreatment of the liver.

Comprehensive Analysis of the Kinetics of Radiation-Induced Lymphocyte Loss in Patients Treated with External Beam Radiation Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 193 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susannah G. Ellsworth ◽  
Anirudh Yalamanchali ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Stuart A. Grossman ◽  
Robert Hobbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
External Beam Radiation Therapy ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
External Beam ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Can Tomato Powder Reduce Radiation-Induced Effects in a Murine Model of Prostate Cancer?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 348-348
Author(s):  
Joe Rowles III ◽  
Matthew Wallig ◽  
Kimberly Selting ◽  
Timothy Fan ◽  
Rita Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Mouse Prostate ◽  
Radiation Induced

Abstract Objectives Tomatoes contain carotenoids and other potent antioxidants that may protect the surrounding tissue from the detrimental effects of external beam radiation therapy, while reducing rates of prostate carcinogenesis. The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary lyophilized tomato paste (TP) alters early inflammatory and oxidative events following a single dose of radiation and leads to a more successful therapeutic outcome. Methods Male Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) mice (n = 76) were provided a powdered AIN-93 G diet (Control) or a modified AIN-93 G diet containing 10% TP (w/w) at 4 weeks of age. Mice were monitored by ultrasound for in vivo tumor detection and 3-D volumetric measurement biweekly. Once tumors reached a volume of 1000 mm3, the caudal half of the mouse was irradiated with 7.5 gy (Rad, n = 18–19 per diet) or 0 gy (sham, n = 16–20 per diet) with a Cobalt-60 source. Mice were euthanized 24 hours after radiation or sham treatment. Antioxidants (carotenoids and α-tocopherol) were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the serum, tumor, prostate, and liver. Sections of tumor, liver, kidneys, bladder, lymph, bladder and intestines were stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and cleaved-caspase 3 were assessed for radiation-induced changes and apoptosis. Inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, IL-6, IL-17A, TNFα, IFNγ, and IL-10) were measured in serum, liver, prostate, tumor, and epididymal adipose tissues by ELISA. Results This study is the first to explore the effects of TP on the tumor microenvironment following irradiation. Initial results suggest that TP consumption does not alter circulating or tissue (liver and prostate) concentrations of inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, TNFα, IFNγ, IL-6, IL-17, or IL-10). We hypothesize that TP-Rad will maintain similar levels of circulating concentrations of antioxidants (carotenoids and α-tocopherol) compared to sham-treated mice. Additionally, we hypothesize that TP will reduce markers of cell damage in surrounding tissues. Conclusions This study will provide important preclinical data to inform future clinical trials evaluating approaches to lessen extra-prostatic damage from radiation therapy and thus improve therapeutic outcomes. Funding Sources This work was supported by USDA NIFA ILLU-971–334.

scholarly journals COMPLICATIONS OF NEOADYAVANT THERAPY FOR CANCER OF THE HEAD OF THE PANCREAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
R. I. Rasulov ◽  
M. V. Zemko ◽  
A. V. Shelekhov ◽  
K. G. Zubrinckiy ◽  
G. I. Songolov
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Pancreatic Head ◽  
External Beam Radiation Therapy ◽  
Gastroduodenal Artery ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
External Beam ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Pancreatic Head Cancer ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Head Of The Pancreas

Aim: to study complications of preoperative chemoembolization of the gastroduodenal artery and external beam radiation therapy in patients with pancreatic head cancer.Material and Methods. Sixty patients underwent chemoembolization of the gastroduodenal artery and external beam radiation therapy. Femoral artery angiography was performed using the Seldinger’s technique. Lipiodol 5–7 ml and gemcitabine 400 mg/m2 were used for transarterial chemoembolization. Radiation therapy was given at a total dose of 50 Gy (2 Gy/fraction, 5 times a week, over 5 weeks) using AGAT -R apparatus.Results. Complications after chemoembolization of the gastroduodenal artery were observed in 18.3 % of patients: abdominal pain in 3.3 % of patients; pain and nausea in 3.3 %; pain, nausea and fever in 6.7 %; pain, nausea and increased blood amylase in 1.7 %; pain, nausea and fever, blood amylase in 1.7 %; nausea, fever and blood amylase in 1.7 %. Radiation-induced injuries were observed in 23.3 % of patients: erythema in 18.3 %, grade 1 leukopenia in 1.7% and grade 2 leukopenia in 3.3 %.Conclusion. Complications of neoadjuvant therapy in terms of frequency and severity were consistent with literature data, were manageable with conservative treatment, and did not increase the duration of the preoperative period.

Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma of the Cecum: A Radiation-Associated Tumor in a Previously Unreported Site

2007 ◽  
Vol 131 (12) ◽  
pp. 1825-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared C. Frattini ◽  
Julie Ann Sosa ◽  
Susanne Carmack ◽  
Marie E. Robert
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma ◽  
First Case ◽  
Radiation Induced

Abstract Data from the nuclear reactor explosion in Chernobyl and the atomic bomb detonations in Hiroshima and Nagasaki demonstrated an association between ionizing radiation and tumoriogenesis. There is a significant association between external beam radiation and radiation-induced sarcoma. Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma is a rare form of malignant fibrosarcoma that is low grade and indolent with distinct immunohistopathologic characteristics that usually occurs in the soft tissues of the extremities. A 62-year-old man from Kiev who aided in the cleanup at Chernobyl presented with crampy abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. His workup revealed a cecal mass, and the final pathology from his laparotomy confirmed sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma with metastasis to the liver. In addition to a review of the literature, we report the first case of sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma arising from the large bowel. Exposure to ionizing radiation from Chernobyl could have played a role in the development of his tumor.

scholarly journals Tolerance of the Optic Apparatus in Single-Fraction Irradiation Using Stereotactic Radiosurgery

Neurosurgery ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshinori Hasegawa ◽  
Tatsuya Kobayashi ◽  
Yoshihisa Kida
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Single Fraction ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Radiation Induced

Abstract OBJECTIVE To determine the limiting dose to the optic apparatus in single-fraction irradiation in patients with craniopharyngioma treated with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS). METHODS One hundred patients with 109 craniopharyngiomas treated with GKRS were evaluated with a median follow-up period of 68 months. Tumor volume varied from 0.1 to 36.0 (median, 3.3) cm3. Marginal doses varied from 10 to 18 (median, 11.4) Gy. Maximum dose to any part of the optic apparatus varied from 2 to 18 (median, 10) Gy. RESULTS The actuarial 5- and 10-year overall rates of survival of tumor progression after GKRS were 93% and 88%, respectively. Similarly, the actuarial 5- and 10-year progression-free survival rates were 62% and 52%, respectively. Among 94 patients in whom visual function was evaluable after GKRS, only 3 patients developed radiation-induced optic neuropathy, indicating an overall Kaplan-Meier radiation-induced optic neuropathy rate of 5%. Of these patients, 2 received 15 Gy or greater to the optic apparatus. Another patient who received 8 Gy or less had undergone previous fractionated radiation therapy with a biologically effective dose of 60 Gy. CONCLUSION The optic apparatus seems to be more tolerant of irradiation than previously thought. Careful dose planning is essential, particularly in patients who underwent prior external beam radiation therapy.

Neutron activation detectors for clinical dosimetry in external beam radiation treatments

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
A. Ostinelli ◽  
M. Duchini ◽  
V. Conti ◽  
M. Frigerio ◽  
S. Gelosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
External Beam ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Radiation Treatments
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