The Effect of Ultrasonic Scaling and Air-Powder Polishing on the Roughness of the Enamel, Three Different Nanocomposites, and Composite/Enamel and Composite/Cementum Interfaces

We aimed to assess the effects of ultrasonic scaling and air-powder polishing on the roughness of enamel, three nanocomposites (Premise, Herculite Ultra, Harmonize), and composite/enamel and composite/cementum interfaces. Class V cavities were restored in 99 extracted third molars with one of the three nanocomposites and treated with ultrasonic scaler or air-powder polishing device (calcium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate powders). The roughness (Ra) of the investigated surfaces was measured with contact profilometer before and after treatment. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Specimens’ Ra values before instrumentation were near the clinically acceptable 0.2 μm threshold. All techniques increased the roughness of the tested surfaces; however, the enamel was slightly affected. The mean Ra values after prophylaxis for composite, composite/cementum and composite/enamel surfaces were 0.32–0.55, 1.33–1.73, and 1.25–1.36, respectively. The extent of composite surface damage was material dependent. Premise surface was not altered by ultrasonic scaling significantly. Air-powder polishing with both powders produced a greater increase in surface roughness of composite resin and restorations margins than ultrasonic scaling. The Ra values after both types of air polishing for Herculite Ultra and Harmonize were approximately 1.5 and 2 times higher, respectively, than those after ultrasonic scaling (p < 0.05).

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Comparative analysis of the surface roughness of conventional resins and filling after immersion in mouthwashes

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences ◽

10.20396/bjos.v19i0.8658569 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. e208569

Author(s):

Juliana de Souza Silva Zica ◽

Isabela Araújo Fernandes ◽

Fernanda Barcellos Ameno Faria ◽

Fernanda Cruz Ferreira ◽

Nívea Aparecida Reis Albuquerque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Composite Resins ◽

Repeated Measures Anova ◽

Before And After

Aim: Bulk Fill composite resins were released on the market in order to reduce the time in clinical sessions by using increments of up to 5.0 mm thickness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the rinsing solutions on the surface roughness of the conventional composite and Bulk fill composite resins. Methods: 40 specimens were prepared from a 4.0mm x 10.0mm teflon matrix and photoactivated for 20 seconds, with 20 specimens made of Filtek Bulk-Fill composite resin (3M ESPE) and 20 specimens made with Filtek™ Z350 XT composite resin (3M ESPE). Each group was subdivided into 2 subgroups: G1 (Filtek™ Z350 XT-3M ESPE-immersed in Colgate PlaxWhitening®); G2 (Filtek™ Z350 XT-3M ESPE-immersed in PlaxFreshMint®); G3 (Filtek™ Bulk-Fill-3M ESPE-immersed in Colgate PlaxWhitening®) and G4 (Filtek™ Bulk-Fill-3M ESPE-immersed in Colgate PlaxFreshMint®). The surface roughness test was performed initially and after immersion in rinses by the Time Group Inc.-TR200® rugosimeter apparatus and the data were submitted to statistical analysis (two-way repeated measures ANOVA). Results: Surface roughness values of the Filtek™ Bulk-Fill composite resin (3M ESPE) were significantly higher than the Filtek™ Z350 XT composite resin (3M ESPE) (P <0.0001). However, no differences were identified before and after immersion in rinses with or without alcohol. Conclusion: The use of mouthwashes does not interfere with the surface roughness of the tested resins, but the composite resin Filtek Z350 XT (3M ESPE) presents a surface with less roughness.

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Influence of Artificial Aging in Marginal Adaptation of Mixed Class V Cavities

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1320 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 316-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mateus Rodrigues Tonetto ◽

Marcelo Ferrarezi de Andrade ◽

Shelon Cristina Souza Pinto ◽

Alvaro Henrique Borges ◽

Darlon Martins Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Cycling ◽

Artificial Aging ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Acid Etching ◽

Marginal Adaptation ◽

Single Bond ◽

Third Molars ◽

Class V ◽

Before And After ◽

Phosphoric Acid Etching

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate whether the artificial aging by thermal cycling had influenced the marginal adaptation of class V restorations with/without chlorhexidine application in the bond process. Twelve intact human third molars were used. Class V cavity preparations were performed on the buccal surface and the teeth received 35% phosphoric acid-etching procedure (Ultradent Products Inc., South Jordan, Utah, USA). Subsequently, the samples were divided in two groups: Untreated acid-etched dentin and chlorhexidine application as an adjunct in the bond process. The adhesive Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) was used after 2% chlorhexidine application, and the restorations were performed with FiltekTM Z350 XT (3M ESPE) composite resin. The specimens were submitted to artificial aging by thermal cycling with 3,000 cycles. Analyzes were performed on scanning electron microscopy using replicas of marginal adaptation in percentage of continuous margin before and after the artificial aging. The data were analyzed by paired test and the results showed statistically significant differences in the percentage of continuous margin with/without chlorhexidine treatment before and after thermal cycling. This study concluded that the artificial aging by thermal cycling influenced the marginal adaptation of mixed class V composite restorations. How to cite this article Tonetto MR, Bandéca MC, de Oliveira Barud HG, Pinto SCS, Lima DM, Borges AH, de Campos EA, de Andrade MF. Influence of Artificial Aging in Marginal Adaptation of Mixed Class V Cavities. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(2):316-319.

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Accelerated Aging Effects on Surface Hardness and Roughness of Lingual Retainer Adhesives

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/112106-473.1 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 140-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Sabri Ilhan Ramoglu ◽

Serdar Usumez ◽

Tamer Buyukyilmaz

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Vickers Hardness ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Aging Effects ◽

Surface Microhardness ◽

Halogen Light ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean ◽

Lingual Retainer

Abstract Objective: To test the null hypothesis that accelerated aging has no effect on the surface microhardness and roughness of two light-cured lingual retainer adhesives. Materials and Methods: Ten samples of light-cured materials, Transbond Lingual Retainer (3M Unitek) and Light Cure Retainer (Reliance) were cured with a halogen light for 40 seconds. Vickers hardness and surface roughness were measured before and after accelerated aging of 300 hours in a weathering tester. Differences between mean values were analyzed for statistical significance using a t-test. The level of statistical significance was set at P < .05. Results: The mean Vickers hardness of Transbond Lingual Retainer was 62.8 ± 3.5 and 79.6 ± 4.9 before and after aging, respectively. The mean Vickers hardness of Light Cure Retainer was 40.3 ± 2.6 and 58.3 ± 4.3 before and after aging, respectively. Differences in both groups were statistically significant (P < .001). Following aging, mean surface roughness was changed from 0.039 μm to 0.121 μm and from 0.021 μm to 0.031 μm for Transbond Lingual Retainer and Light Cure Retainer, respectively. The roughening of Transbond Lingual Retainer with aging was statistically significant (P < .05), while the change in the surface roughness of Light Cure Retainer was not (P > .05). Conclusions: Accelerated aging significantly increased the surface microhardness of both light-cured retainer adhesives tested. It also significantly increased the surface roughness of the Transbond Lingual Retainer.

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Microhardness evaluation of root dentin after using resin sealer solvents

Journal of Dental Research Dental Clinics Dental Prospects ◽

10.34172/joddd.2021.042 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 256-261

Author(s):

Gamze Nalci ◽

Tayfun Alaçam ◽

Bülent Altukaynak

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Prolonged Exposure ◽

Repeated Measures Anova ◽

Ultrasonic Agitation ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Before And After ◽

Root Dentin ◽

Substantial Decline ◽

Hardness Values

Background. This study aimed to assess the effects of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and ethyl acetate (EA) on dentin microhardness, used as resin sealer solvents. Methods. Eighty halves of single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into four groups to apply MEK, EA, chloroform, or saline solution. Vickers hardness values were measured for three root levels before and after the direct application of solvents for 5 and 15 minutes or a 1-minute application with ultrasonic agitation. The results were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA, and adjustments were made for comparisons with Bonferroni tests. Results. The dentin microhardness decreased in all the solvent groups (P<0.05). The changes in microhardness increased with prolonged exposure times, except for the saline solution group. Chloroform exhibited the most significant decrease in value. Furthermore, ultrasonic agitation elicited a more substantial decline in values. Conclusion. MEK and EA might be preferred over chloroform as a solvent for resin sealers because they offer an attenuated decrease in dentin microhardness and do not have gutta-percha-dissolving properties.

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Beta alanine supplementation effects on metabolic contribution and swimming performance

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition ◽

10.1186/s12970-020-00365-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Matheus Silva Norberto ◽

Ricardo Augusto Barbieri ◽

Danilo Rodrigues Bertucci ◽

Ronaldo Bucken Gobbi ◽

Eduardo Zapaterra Campos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Swimming Performance ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Repeated Measures Anova ◽

Beta Alanine ◽

Before And After ◽

The Difference ◽

And Performance

Abstract Background Investigations of β-alanine supplementation shows effects on metabolic (aerobic and anaerobic) participation and performance on swimming by a possible blood acidosis buffering. Considering this background, the objective of the present study was to analyze the effects of β-alanine supplementation on metabolic contribution and performance during 400-m swim. Methods Thirteen competitive swimmers underwent a 6-week, double-blind placebo-controlled study, ingesting 4.8 g.day− 1 of β-alanine or placebo. Before and after the supplementation period, the total anaerobic contribution (TAn) and 30-s all-out tethered swimming effort (30TS) were assessed. Anaerobic alactic (AnAl) and lactic energy (AnLa) was assumed as the fast component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption and net blood lactate accumulation during exercise (∆[La−]), respectively. Aerobic contribution (Aer) was determined by the difference between total energy demand and TAn. In addition to conventional statistical analysis (Repeated measures ANOVA; p > 0.05), a Bayesian repeated measures ANOVA was used to evidence the effect probability (BFincl). Results No differences and effects were found between groups, indicating no supplementation effects. Repeated measures ANOVA, with confirmation of effect, was indicate reduce in ∆Lactate (p: 0.001; BFincl: 25.02); absolute AnLa (p: 0.002; BFincl: 12.61), fatigue index (p > 0.001; BFincl: 63.25) and total anaerobic participation (p: 0.008; BFincl: 4.89). Conclusions Thus, the results demonstrated that all changes presented were evidenced as a result of exposure to the training period and β-alanine supplementation doesn’t affect metabolic contribution and performance during 400-m freestyle.

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Effect of whitening dentifrices on the surface roughness of a nanohybrid composite resin

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/1305-7456.178305 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (02) ◽

pp. 170-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gabriela Migliorin da Rosa ◽

Luciana Mendonça da Silva ◽

Márcio de Menezes ◽

Hugo Felipe do Vale ◽

Diego Ferreira Regalado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Mean Values ◽

Short Period ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Nanohybrid Composite ◽

One Way Anova

ABSTRACT Objectives: The present study verified the influence of whitening dentifrices on the surface roughness of a nanohybrid composite resin. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two specimens were prepared with Filtek™ Z350 XT (3M/ESPE) and randomly divided into four groups (n = 08) that were subjected to brushing simulation equivalent to the period of 1 month. The groups assessed were a control group with distilled water (G1), Colgate Total 12 Professional Clean (G2), Sensodyne Extra Whitener Extra Fresh (G3), and Colgate Luminous White (G4). A sequence of 90 cycles was performed for all the samples. The initial roughness of each group was analyzed by the Surface Roughness Tester (TR 200-TIME Group Inc., CA, USA). After the brushing period, the final roughness was measured, and the results were statistically analyzed using nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn tests for intergroup roughness comparison in the time factor. For intragroup and “Δ Final − Initial” comparisons, the Wilcoxon test and (one-way) ANOVA were, respectively, performed (α = 0.05). Results: The roughness mean values before and after brushing showed no statistically significant difference when the different dentifrices were used. None of the dentifrices analyzed increased significantly the nanohybrid composite resin surface roughness in a 1 month of tooth brushing simulation. Conclusions: These results suggest that no hazardous effect on the roughness of nanohybrid composite resin can be expected when whitening dentifrices are used for a short period. Similar studies should be conducted to analyze other esthetic composite materials.

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Effect of Calcium-phosphate Desensitizers on Staining Susceptibility of Acid-eroded Enamel

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/18-024-l ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 281-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

KY Kyaw ◽

M Otsuki ◽

MS Segarra ◽

N Hiraishi ◽

J Tagami

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Calcium Phosphate ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Color Difference ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Control Group ◽

Before And After

SUMMARY Objective: To investigate the effect of calcium-phosphate–based desensitizers, Teethmate AP paste (TMAP) and Teethmate Desensitizer (TMD) (Kuraray Noritake Dental, Tokyo, Japan), on the prevention of staining on acid-eroded enamel. Methods and Materials: Forty polished enamel samples (4×4×1 mm) from bovine incisors were randomly divided into five groups (n=8). After immersion in 50 mL of 0.5% citric acid (pH 2.5) for 15 minutes to form acid-eroded surfaces, the surfaces were subjected to different treatments with TMAP, TMD, and NaF (0.21% means 950 ppm) for five minutes. Another eroded group was not treated with desensitizer. For the control group, the samples were not eroded or treated. All the samples were stored in artificial saliva (AS) at pH 7.2 for 24 hours at 37°C. The TMAP, TMD, or NaF was reapplied at eight and 16 hours during the 24 hours of storage time. The surface roughness (Sa) was evaluated following ISO 25178 for surface texture using confocal laser scanning microscopy (VK-X 150 series, Keyence, Osaka, Japan) before acid erosion, after acid erosion, and after 24 hours of incubation in AS. Afterward, the color difference was measured with a dental colorimeter (Shade Eye NCC, Shofu, Kyoto, Japan) before and after staining with tea solution. Results: One-way repeated measures analysis of variance showed that acid erosion significantly increased Sa (p<0.001). TMAP- and TMD-treated groups exhibited lower Sa values than the NaF group and the no-desensitizer treatment group. The greatest staining was observed in the NaF group and the no-desensitizer group, while the TMAP and TMD groups significantly decreased the formation of stains. Conclusions: Acid-eroded enamel increased surface roughness and tended to absorb more stains. However, the application of TMAP and TMD moderated the roughness and thus prevented the formation of extrinsic stains.

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Effect of surface sealant on the color stability of composite resin restorations

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/s0103-64402011000500003 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 365-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Fernanda Valentini ◽

Simone Gomes Dias de Oliveira ◽

Guilherme Zdradk Guimarães ◽

Renata Pereira de Sousa Barbosa ◽

Rafael Ratto de Moraes

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Color Stability ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Repeated Measures Anova ◽

Color Measurements ◽

Composite Resin Restorations ◽

Surface Sealant ◽

Effect Of Surface ◽

Resin Restorations

This study investigated the effect of sealant application on the color stability of composite resin restorations. Cavities in bovine incisors were restored with composite resin (Opallis; FGM) and the teeth were assigned to 4 groups (n=10). A sealant (Fill Glaze; Vigodent) was applied over the restorations of 2 groups. Baseline color measurements based on the CIEL*a*b* system were carried out using a spectrophotometer. Half the number of specimens was immersed in distilled water, and half was immersed in coffee 4 h/day. Color measurements were repeated after 1 h, 24 h, 7 days and 3 months. Data for each immersion solution were separately subjected to a two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α=0.05). For the group without sealant immersed in water, no significant differences were observed among the periods (p≥0.138), but the color was different compared with baseline (p<0.001). For the group with sealant application, the periods baseline, 1 h and 3 months presented similar results (p≥0.924). For groups immersed in coffee, when the sealant was not used, no significant differences were detected between the baseline and the periods 1 h and 24 h (p≥0.499), but the color changed significantly thereafter (p≤0.003). In the group with sealant, significant differences were detected for all periods compared with each other (p<0.001). In conclusion, application of sealant dramatically increased the staining of the restorations exposed to coffee.

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Short-term stability of free metanephrines in plasma and whole blood

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm-2019-0020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (5) ◽

pp. 753-757 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elisa Danese ◽

Martina Montagnana ◽

Claudio Brentegani ◽

Giuseppe Lippi

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Short Term ◽

Total Change ◽

Term Stability ◽

Before And After ◽

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽

The Mean ◽

The Stability

AbstractBackgroundAnalysis of plasma metanephrine (MN) and normetanephrine (NMN) with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is the gold standard for the screening of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs). As scarce information is available on the stability of MNs in diagnostic samples, this study was aimed at analyzing the short-term stability of plasma free MNs in whole blood and plasma, using LC-MS/MS.MethodsThe stability of plasma MNs was evaluated after sample collection at 1, 2 and 3 h in whole blood, and at 2, 4 and 6 h in centrifuged samples. Both studies were performed while maintaining the samples at room temperature (RT) and at 4 °C. The ClinMass Complete Kit (Recipe, Munchen, Germany) was used for measuring MNs with LC-MS/MS (Nexera X2 UHPLC-4500MD Sciex). Differences from the baseline (T0) were assessed using repeated measures one-way ANOVA, Students’ paired t-test and a comparison of the mean percentage changes with the total change limit (TCL).ResultsStatistically significant differences from T0 were found for both MNs (p < 0.001) in whole blood stored at RT, and for NMN (p = 0.028) but not MN (p = 0.220) at 4 °C. The mean difference exceeded the TCL after 1 h and 3 h at RT for MN, and after 1 h at RT for NMN. Statistically significant differences from T0 were only observed in the plasma samples for NMN at RT (p = 0.012), but the variation was within the TCL.ConclusionsMN and NMN displayed different patterns of stability before and after centrifugation. Even short-time storage at RT in whole blood should hence be avoided.

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Effect of Surface Sealants and Polishing Time on Composite Surface Roughness and Microhardness

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/17-048-l ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 408-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

VC Ruschel ◽

VS Bona ◽

LN Baratieri ◽

HP Maia

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Composite Surface ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Surface Sealants ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Surface Sealant ◽

Effect Of Surface

SUMMARY The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of surface sealants and polishing delay time on a nanohybrid resin composite roughness and microhardness. Eighty disc specimens were made with a nanohybrid resin (Esthet-X HD, Dentsply). The specimens were divided into two groups (n=40) according to polishing time: immediate, after 10 minutes; delayed, after 48 hours. Each group was subdivided into four groups (n=10), according to the surface treatment: CG, control–rubber points (Jiffy Polishers, Ultradent); PP, rubber points + surface sealant (PermaSeal, Ultradent); PF, rubber points + surface sealant (Fortify, Bisco); PB, rubber points + surface sealant (BisCover, Bisco). Surface roughness (Ra) and microhardness (50 g/15 seconds) were measured. Surface morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The data were analyzed statistically using one-way analysis of variance and the Games-Howell post hoc test (α=0.05). PermaSeal roughness (G2) in the delayed polishing group was significantly higher (p=0.00) than that of the other groups. No difference was observed among the groups between immediate and delayed polishing (p=1.00), except for PermaSeal (p=0.00). Moreover, PermaSeal showed the lowest microhardness values (p=0.00) for immediate polishing. Microhardness was higher at delayed polishing for all the surface treatments (p=0.00) except Fortify (p=0.73). Surface smoothness similar to polishing with rubber points was achieved when surface sealants were used, except for PermaSeal surface sealant, which resulted in a less smooth resin composite surface. However, surface sealant application did not significantly improve composite resin microhardness.

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