scholarly journals High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise Increases Fat Oxidation Rate and Reduces Postprandial Triglyceride Concentrations

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-Jen Yang ◽  
Ching-Lin Wu ◽  
Chih-Hui Chiu
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Postprandial Triglyceride

scholarly journals Re-examination of the contribution of substrates to energy expenditure during high-intensity intermittent exercise in endurance athletes

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zübeyde Aslankeser ◽  
Şükrü Serdar Balcı
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Athlete Group

BackgroundIt has been believed that the contribution of fat oxidation to total energy expenditure is becoming negligible at higher exercise intensities (about 85% VO2max). The aim of the present study was to examine the changes in substrate oxidation during high-intensity interval exercise in young adult men.MethodsA total of 18 healthy well-trained (aged 19.60 ± 0.54 years, BMI = 22.19 ± 0.64 kg/m2,n = 10) and untrained (aged 20.25 ± 0.41 years, BMI = 22.78 ± 0.38 kg/m2,n = 8) young men volunteered to participate in this study. After an overnight fast, subjects were tested on a cycle ergometer and completed six 4-min bouts of cycling (at ∼80% VO2max) with 2 min of rests between intervals. Energy expenditure and the substrate oxidation rate were measured during the experiment by using indirect calorimetry. The blood lactate concentration was collected immediately after each interval workout.ResultsThe fat oxidation rate during each workout was significantly different between the untrained and the athlete groups (p < 0.05), and the carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation rate during the experiment was similar between groups (p > 0.05). Moreover, lactate concentration significantly increased in the untrained group (p < 0.05), whereas it did not significantly change in the athlete group during the workouts (p > 0.05). Fat contribution to energy expenditure was significantly higher in the athlete group (∼25%) than in the untrained group (∼2%).ConclusionsThe present study indicates that 17 times more fat oxidation was measured in the athlete group compared to the untrained group. However, the athletes had the same CHO oxidation rate as the recreationally active subjects during high-intensity intermittent exercise. Higher fat oxidation rate despite the same CHO oxidation rate may be related to higher performance in the trained group.

The Effects of Low– and High–Glycemic Index Foods on High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Little ◽  
Philip D. Chilibeck ◽  
Dawn Ciona ◽  
Albert Vandenberg ◽  
Gordon A. Zello
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
And Performance

The glycemic index (GI) of a pre exercise meal may affect substrate utilization and performance during continuous exercise.Purpose:To examine the effects of low- and high-GI foods on metabolism and performance during high-intensity, intermittent exercise.Methods:Seven male athletes participated in three experimental trials (low-GI, high-GI, and fasted control) separated by ~7 days. Foods were consumed 3 h before (~1.3 g·kg−1 carbohydrate) and halfway through (~0.2 g·kg−1 carbohydrate) 90 min of intermittent treadmill running designed to simulate the activity pattern of soccer. Expired gas was collected during exercise to estimate substrate oxidation. Performance was assessed by the distance covered on fve 1-min sprints during the last 15 min of exercise.Results:Respiratory exchange ratio was higher and fat oxidation lower during exercise in the high-GI condition compared with fasting (P < .05). The mean difference in total distance covered on the repeated sprint test between low GI and fasting (247 m; 90% confidence limits ±352 m) represented an 81% (likely, probable) chance that the low-GI condition improved performance over fasting. The mean difference between high GI and fasted control (223 m; ±385 m) represented a 76% (likely, probable) chance of improved performance. There were no differences between low and high GI.Conclusions:When compared with fasting, both low- and high-GI foods consumed 3 h before and halfway through prolonged, high-intensity intermittent exercise improved repeated sprint performance. High-GI foods impaired fat oxidation during exercise but the GI did not appear to influence high-intensity, intermittent exercise performance.

scholarly journals High fat meals increases postprandial fat oxidation rate but not postprandial lipemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Hui Chiu ◽  
Tsung-Jen Yang ◽  
Che-Hsiu Chen ◽  
Ming-Jing Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Postprandial Lipemia ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Postprandial Triglyceride ◽  
Fat Meal

Abstract Background This study investigated the effects of ingesting meals with the same calorie intake but distinct nutritional contents after exercise on postprandial lipemia the next day. Methods Eight healthy male participants completed two 2-day trials in a random order. On day 1, the participants underwent five 12 min bouts of cycling exercise with a bout of higher intensity exercise (4 min) after each and then a bout of lower intensity cycling (2 min). The total exercise time was 90 min. After the exercise, the participants ingested three high-fat or low-fat meals. On Day 2, the participants were asked to rest in the laboratory and ingest a high-fat meal. Their postprandial reaction after a high-fat meal was observed. Results Postprandial triglyceride concentrations in the high-fat diet trial and low-fat diet trial exhibited nonsignificant differences. Total TG AUC were no significantly different on HF trial and LF trial (HF: 6.63 ± 3.2; LF: 7.20 ± 3.4 mmol/L*4 h. p = 0.586). However, the postprandial fat oxidation rate total AUC (HF: 0.58 ± 0.1; LF: 0.39 ± 0.2 g/min*4 h. p = 0.045), plasma glucose, and insulin concentration of the high-fat trial were significantly higher than those of the low-fat trial. Conclusions This study revealed that meals with distinct nutritional contents after a 90-min exercise increased the postprandial fat oxidation rate but did not influence the postprandial lipemia after a high-fat meal the next day.

The Effect Of Green Tea Extract And High Intensity Intermittent Exercise On Fat Oxidation

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 813
Author(s):  
Ehsan Ghahramanloo ◽  
Yati N. Boutcher ◽  
Stephen H. Boutcher
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Green Tea Extract ◽  
Tea Extract

Fat oxidation rate during and after a low- or high-intensity exercise in severely obese Caucasian adolescents

2009 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Lazzer ◽  
Claudio Lafortuna ◽  
Carlo Busti ◽  
Raffaela Galli ◽  
Tiziana Tinozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Severely Obese

scholarly journals Inclusion of sprints during moderate-intensity continuous exercise enhances post-exercise fat oxidation in young males

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Nicanor Mello-Silva ◽  
Gabriel Völz Protzen ◽  
Fabricio Del Vecchio
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Continuous Exercise ◽  
Physiological Demand

To assess the physiological demand of including high-intensity efforts during continuous exercise, we designed a randomized crossover study, where 12 physically active young males executed three different exercises in random order: FATmax - continuous exercise at the highest fat oxidation zone (FATmax); 2min-130% - FATmax interspersed by a 2-min bout at 130% of the maximal oxygen uptake associated intensity (iV̇O2max); and 20s:10s-170% - FATmax interspersed by four 20-s bouts at 170%iV̇O2max interpolated by 10s of passive recovery. We measured oxygen uptake (V̇O2), blood lactate concentration ([LAC]), respiratory exchange rate (RER), fat and carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation. For statistical analyses, repeated measures ANOVA was applied. Although no differences were found for average V̇O2 or carbohydrate oxidation rate, the post-exercise fat oxidation rate was 37.5% and 50% higher during 2min-130% and 20s:10s-170%, respectively, compared to FATmax, which also presented lower values of RER during exercise compared to 2min-130% and 20s:10s-170% (p<0.001 in both), and higher values post-exercise (p=0.04 and p=0.002, respectively). The [LAC] was higher during exercise when high-intensity bouts were applied (p<0.001 for both) and higher post-exercise on the intermittent one compared to FATmax (p=0.016). The inclusion of high-intensity efforts during moderate-intensity continuous exercise promoted higher physiological demand and post-exercise fat oxidation. Novelty bullets • The inclusion of 2-min efforts modifies continuous exercise demands • Maximal efforts can increase post-exercise fat oxidation • 2-min maximal efforts, continuous or intermittent, presents similar demands

scholarly journals Low-Carbohydrate-High-Fat Diet: Can it Help Exercise Performance?

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Kang Chang ◽  
Katarina Borer ◽  
Po-Ju Lin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Central Fatigue ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

AbstractLow-carbohydrate-high-fat (LCHF) diets have been used as a means of weight loss and control of symptoms in several clinical conditions. There is emerging evidence that the metabolic changes induced by LCHF diets enhance endurance performance. The aims of this review are to examine the evidence of LCHF diets in improving various aspects of athletic performance. Long-term LCHF dietary intake may help control body weight and fat mass while maintaining lean body mass in athletes in weight-sensitive sports. LCHF-adapted endurance athletes can reach the maximal fat oxidation rate of approximately 1.5 g/min, with a lower carbohydrate oxidation rate and similar muscle glycogen content and a resynthesis rate compared to their counterparts consuming high-carbohydrate-low-fat (HCLF) diets. The elevated fat oxidation rate and glycogen sparing effect may improve performance in ultra-endurance events. These metabolic changes may also prevent the decline in performance in later stages of repeated high-intensity movements, in which the aerobic metabolism becomes more important. However, elevated blood concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids and ammonia during exercise after LCHF diets may lead to early development of central fatigue. It appears that at least several months of adaptation to a LCHF diet are required for the metabolic changes and restoration of muscle glycogen to occur. Further investigations on LCHF diets are needed regarding (1) performance after weight loss in weight-categorized sports; (2) repeated high-intensity exercise performance; (3) development of central fatigue during endurance events; (4) perceptual-motor performance during prolonged intermittent sports; and (5) ideal dietary fatty acid compositions.

Acute high-intensity endurance exercise is more effective than moderate-intensity exercise for attenuation of postprandial triglyceride elevation

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. 792-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin R. Trombold ◽  
Kevin M. Christmas ◽  
Daniel R. Machin ◽  
Il-Young Kim ◽  
Edward F. Coyle
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Postprandial Triglyceride ◽  
Experimental Treatments

Acute exercise has been shown to attenuate postprandial plasma triglyceride elevation (PPTG). However, the direct contribution of exercise intensity is less well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise intensity on PPTG and postprandial fat oxidation. One of three experimental treatments was performed in healthy young men ( n = 6): nonexercise control (CON), moderate-intensity exercise (MIE; 50% V̇o2peak for 60 min), or isoenergetic high-intensity exercise (HIE; alternating 2 min at 25% and 2 min at 90% V̇o2peak). The morning after the exercise, a standardized meal was provided (16 kcal/kg BM, 1.02 g fat/kg, 1.36 g CHO/kg, 0.31 g PRO/kg), and measurements of plasma concentrations of triglyceride (TG), glucose, insulin, and β-hydroxybutyrate were made in the fasted condition and hourly for 6 h postprandial. Indirect calorimetry was used to determine fat oxidation in the fasted condition and 2, 4, and 6 h postprandial. Compared with CON, both MIE and HIE significantly attenuated PPTG [incremental AUC; 75.2 (15.5%), P = 0.033, and 54.9 (13.5%), P = 0.001], with HIE also significantly lower than MIE ( P = 0.03). Postprandial fat oxidation was significantly higher in MIE [83.3 (10.6%) of total energy expenditure] and HIE [89.1 (9.8) %total] compared with CON [69.0 (16.1) %total, P = 0.039, and P = 0.018, respectively], with HIE significantly greater than MIE ( P = 0.012). We conclude that, despite similar energy expenditure, HIE was more effective than MIE for lowering PPTG and increasing postprandial fat oxidation.

A short bout of high-intensity intermittent exercise before moderate-intensity prolonged exercise as a mean to potentiate fat oxidation ?

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1046-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Borowik ◽  
Samarmar Chacaroun ◽  
Damien Tessier ◽  
Stéphane Doutreleau ◽  
Samuel Verges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Short Bout
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