scholarly journals Tartary Buckwheat Extract Attenuated the Obesity-Induced Inflammation and Increased Muscle PGC-1a/SIRT1 Expression in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seog-Young Kim ◽  
Mak-Soon Lee ◽  
Eugene Chang ◽  
Sunyoon Jung ◽  
Hyunmi Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Tissue Inflammation

Obesity is intimately related to a chronic inflammatory state, with augmentation of macrophage infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in white adipose tissue (WAT) and mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle. The specific aim of this study is to evaluate effects of tartary buckwheat extract (TB) on obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation and muscle peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator (PGC)-1α/sirtulin 1 (SIRT1) pathway in rats fed a high-fat diet. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups and fed either a normal diet (NOR), 45% high-fat diet (HF), HF + low dose of TB (TB-L; 5 g/kg diet), or HF + high dose of TB (TB-H; 10 g/kg diet) for 13 weeks. TB significantly reduced adipose tissue mass with decreased adipogenic gene expression of PPAR-γ and aP2. Serum nitric oxide levels and adipose tissue macrophage M1 polarization gene markers, such as iNOS, CD11c, and Arg1, and pro-inflammatory gene expression, including TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1, were remarkably downregulated in the TB-L and TB-H groups. Moreover, TB supplementation increased gene expression of PGC-1α and SIRT1, involved in muscle biogenesis and function. These results suggested that TB might attenuate obesity-induced inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction by modulating adipose tissue inflammation and the muscle PGC-1α/SIRT1 pathway.

Nutrient-Adjusted High-Fat Diet is Associated with Absence of Periepididymal Adipose Tissue Inflammation: Is there a Link with Adequate Micronutrient Levels?

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 299-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Yamada ◽  
Marina Maintinguer Norde ◽  
Maria C. Borges ◽  
Tatiane Mieko de Meneses Fujii ◽  
Patrícia Silva Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Tnf Α

The aim of this study was to investigate the real impact of dietary lipids on metabolic and inflammatory response in rat white adipose tissue. Male healthy Wistar rats were fed ad libitum with a control diet (CON, n=12) or with an adjusted high-fat diet (HFD, n=12) for 12 weeks. Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed during the last week of the protocol. Plasma fatty acid, lipid profile, body adiposity, and carcass chemical composition were analyzed. Plasma concentration of leptin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), TNF-α, IL-6, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1) was measured. Periepididymal adipose tissue was employed to evaluate TNF-α, MCP-1, and adiponectin gene expression as well as NF-κB pathway and AKT proteins. Isocaloric intake of the adjusted HFD did not induce hyperphagia, but promoted an increase in periepididymal (HFD = 2.94 ± 0.77 vs. CON = 1.99 ± 0.26 g/100 g body weight, p = 0.01) and retroperitoneal adiposity (HFD = 3.11 ± 0.81 vs. CON = 2.08 ± 0.39 g/100 g body weight, p = 0.01) and total body lipid content (HFD = 105.3 ± 20.8 vs. CON = 80.5 ± 7.6 g carcass, p = 0.03). Compared with control rats, HFD rats developed glucose intolerance (p=0.01), dyslipidemia (p = 0.02) and exhibited higher C-reactive protein levels in response to the HFD (HFD = 1002 ± 168 vs. CON = 611 ± 260 ng/mL, p = 0.01). The adjusted HFD did not affect adipokine gene expression or proteins involved in inflammatory signaling, but decreased AKT phosphorylation after insulin stimulation in periepididymal adipose tissue (p = 0.01). In this study, nutrient-adjusted HFD did not induce periepididymal adipose tissue inflammation in rats, suggesting that the composition of HFD differently modulates inflammation in rats, and adequate micronutrient levels may also influence inflammatory pathways.

scholarly journals Spred2 Regulates High Fat Diet-Induced Adipose Tissue Inflammation, and Metabolic Abnormalities in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Ohkura ◽  
Teizo Yoshimura ◽  
Masayoshi Fujisawa ◽  
Toshiaki Ohara ◽  
Rie Marutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Inflammation

scholarly journals Luteolin Improves Insulin Resistance in Postmenopausal Obese Mice by Altering Macrophage Polarization (FS12-01-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunjung Baek ◽  
Mi Nam Lee ◽  
Dayong Wu ◽  
Munkyong Pae
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice

Abstract Objectives Previously, we showed that loss of ovarian function in mice fed high-fat diet exacerbated insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation. In the current study, we tested whether consumption of luteolin, an anti-inflammatory flavonoid, could mitigate adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in obese ovariectomized mice. Methods Nine-week-old ovariectomized C57BL/6 mice were fed a low-fat diet (LFD), high-fat diet (HFD), or HFD supplemented with 0.005% luteolin (HFD + L) for 16 weeks. The anti-inflammatory drug salicylate was used as a positive control. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance index HOMA-IR were measured every 4 weeks. Adipose tissue and spleen were characterized for tissue inflammation by real-time PCR and immune cell populations by flow cytometry after 16 weeks of feeding. Results HFD resulted in more body weight gain than LFD in ovariectomized mice and supplementing HFD with 0.005% luteolin did not affect the body weight gain. In addition, HFD elicited a significant elevation in fat mass, which were comparable between HFD and HFD + L groups. However, luteolin supplementation resulted in a significant decrease in CD11c+ macrophages in gonadal adipose tissue, as well as a trend of decrease in macrophage infiltration. Luteolin supplementation also significantly decreased mRNA expression of inflammatory and M1 markers MCP-1, CD11c, TNF-a, and IL-6, while maintaining expression of M2 marker MGL1. We further found that luteolin treatment protected mice from insulin resistance induced by HFD consumption; this improved insulin resistance was correlated with reductions in CD11c+ adipose tissue macrophages. Conclusions Our findings indicate that dietary luteolin supplementation attenuates adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance found in mice with loss of ovarian function coupled with a HFD intake, and this effect may be partly mediated through suppressing M1-like polarization of macrophages in adipose tissue. These results have clinical implication in implementing dietary intervention for prevention of metabolic syndrome associated with postmenopause and obesity. Funding Sources Supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (NRF-2018R1A1A1A05078886).

scholarly journals Lack of Interleukin-1 Receptor I (IL-1RI) Protects Mice From High-Fat Diet-Induced Adipose Tissue Inflammation Coincident With Improved Glucose Homeostasis

Diabetes ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1688-1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. McGillicuddy ◽  
K. A. Harford ◽  
C. M. Reynolds ◽  
E. Oliver ◽  
M. Claessens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Inflammation

scholarly journals Blockade of VEGF-C and VEGF-D modulates adipose tissue inflammation and improves metabolic parameters under high-fat diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinem Karaman ◽  
Maija Hollmén ◽  
Marius R. Robciuc ◽  
Annamari Alitalo ◽  
Harri Nurmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Inflammation

The Early Effects of High Fat Diet and Exercise on Markers of Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 685-686
Author(s):  
Yair Pincu ◽  
Melissa A. Linden ◽  
Stephen A. Martin ◽  
Jeffrey A. Woods ◽  
Tracy Baynard
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Early Effects

scholarly journals The Absence of Adiponectin Alters Niacin’s Effects on Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2427
Author(s):  
Emily C. Graff ◽  
Han Fang ◽  
Desiree Wanders ◽  
Robert L. Judd
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Ccl2 Expression ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Obesity is an immunometabolic disease associated with chronic inflammation and the dysregulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. One hallmark of obesity is reduced concentrations of the anti-inflammatory adipokine, adiponectin. Pharmacologic doses of niacin produce multiple metabolic benefits, including attenuating high-fat diet (HFD)-induced adipose tissue inflammation and increasing adiponectin concentrations. To determine if adiponectin mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of niacin, male C57BL/6J (WT) and adiponectin null (Adipoq-/-) mice were maintained on a low-fat diet (LFD) or HFD for 6 weeks, before being administered either vehicle or niacin (360 mg/kg/day) for 5 weeks. HFD-fed mice had increased expression of genes associated with macrophage recruitment (Ccl2) and number (Cd68), and increased crown-like structure (CLS) number in adipose tissue. While niacin attenuated Ccl2 expression, there were no effects on Cd68 or CLS number. The absence of adiponectin did not hinder the ability of niacin to reduce Ccl2 expression. HFD feeding increased gene expression of inflammatory markers in the adipose tissue of WT and Adipoq-/- mice. While niacin tended to decrease the expression of inflammatory markers in WT mice, niacin increased their expression in HFD-fed Adipoq-/- mice. Therefore, our results indicate that the absence of adiponectin alters the effects of niacin on markers of adipose tissue inflammation in HFD-fed mice, suggesting that the effects of niacin on tissue cytokines may involve adiponectin.

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