scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome in Arab Adults with Low Bone Mineral Density

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiser Wani ◽  
Sobhy M. Yakout ◽  
Mohammed Ghouse Ahmed Ansari ◽  
Shaun Sabico ◽  
Syed Danish Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
T Score

There are discrepancies in the reports on the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components with bone mineral density (BMD) and hence more population-based studies on this subject are needed. In this context, this observational study was aimed to investigate the association between T-scores of BMD at lumbar L1–L4 and full MetS and its individual components. A total of 1587 participants (84.7% females), >35 years and with risk factors associated with bone loss were recruited from February 2013 to August 2016. BMD was done at L1–L4 using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). T-Scores were calculated. Fasting blood samples and anthropometrics were done at recruitment. Fasting lipid profile and glucose were measured. Screening for full MetS and its components was done according to the National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds of having full MetS increased significantly from the lowest T-score tertile to the highest one in both sexes (OR, odd ratio (95% CI, confidence interval) of tertile 2 and 3 at 1.49 (0.8 to 2.8) and 2.46 (1.3 to 4.7), p = 0.02 in males and 1.35 (1.0 to 1.7) and 1.45 (1.1 to1.9), p < 0.01 in females). The odds remained significant even after adjustments with age, body mass index (BMI), and other risk factors associated with bone loss. Among the components of MetS, only central obesity showed a significant positive association with T-score. The study suggests a significant positive association of T-score (spine) with full MetS irrespective of sex, and among the components of MetS this positive association was seen specifically with central obesity.

scholarly journals P119 Average percent fat is associated with decreased bone mineral density at the hip but increase at the spine longitudinally, where weight shows a positive association at all anatomical locations

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Thurston ◽  
Jemma Kerns ◽  
Frank Dondelinger ◽  
Alison Hale ◽  
Marwan Bukhari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Composite Measures ◽  
Left And Right

Abstract Background/Aims  Body composition changes are associated with changes in bone mineral density (BMD). Composite measures of body compartments, such as weight and body mass index (BMI) have a positive association with BMD. The aim was to study average percent fat from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) as a potentially useful clinical measurement. Methods  BMD data in grams/cenitmetre2 was collected from DEXA scans after referral from secondary care to the Royal Lancaster Infirmary from 2004-2010. BMD data related to the left and right hip (the neck, Ward’s area, trochanter, and total hip), and the spine (L1-L4) was measured. Data was collected longitudinally, and BMD in g/cm2 was modelled at the regions of the hip and spine using mixed effects linear models. Average percent fat and weight (kg) were used as explanatory variables, whilst adjusting for age at scan, gender, and other risk factors such as FRAX risk factors. Results  7910 patients (88% female) were included, all with average percent fat and weight measurements. The results of the models (Table 1) all have a P value&lt;0.05. Average percent fat had a significant negative association at all regions of the left and right hip, but a significant positive association at the spine. Weight showed a significant positive association with BMD at the hip and spine. P119 Table 1:Effect size estimates from mixed effects models of BMD at regions of the hip, and the spine.Anatomical locationEffect size estimate for average percent fat (95% confidence intervals)Effect size estimate for weight (95% confidence intervals)Left neck-6.63x10-4 (-9.69x10-4, -3.56x10-4)2.07x10-3 (1.91x10-3, 2.23x10-3)Left total-1.03x10-3 (-1.32x10-3, -7.41x10-4)3.45x10-3 (3.29x10-3, 3.61x10-3)Left Ward’s-1.07x10-3 (-1.38x10-3, -7.65x10-4)1.85x10-3 (1.69x10-3, 2.02x10-3)Left trochanter-1.15x10-3 (-1.46x10-3, -8.47x10-4)3.65x10-3 (3.48x10-3, 3.81x10-3)Right neck-6.91x10-4 (-9.94x10-4, -3.88x10-4)1.97x10-3 (1.81x10-3, 2.14x10-3)Right total-1.19x10-3 (-1.48x10-3, -8.96x10-4)3.39x10-3 (3.23x10-3, 3.55x10-3)Right Ward’s-1.07x10-3 (-1.38x10-3, -7.65x10-4)1.85x10-3 (1.69x10-3, 2.02x10-3)Right trochanter-1.19x10-3 (-1.52x10-3, -8.72x10-4)3.65x10-3 (3.39x10-3, 3.73x10-3)Spine (averaged L1-L4)1.76x10-3 (1.46x10-3, 2.05x10-3)1.42x10-3 (1.16x10-3, 1.68x10-3) Conclusion  The negative association seen with average percent fat at the hip could reflect the potential negative endocrine effects of fat, and the effect of localized inflammation at the hip. Increased adiposity is also linked to sarcopenia, and further body compositional changes. However, the potential negative effects of increased adiposity at the abdomen and spine are potentially overridden by the increased biomechanical loading generated by the increased adiposity, highlighted by weight’s positive association with BMD at the spine. The average percent fat results are not mirrored with weight at the hip. This highlights that composite measures are not specific enough to measure changes in body composition compartments, and their resulting change in risk related to BMD. Disclosure  C. Thurston: None. J. Kerns: None. F. Dondelinger: None. A. Hale: None. M. Bukhari: None.

scholarly journals Development of Metabolic Syndrome Decreases Bone Mineral Density T-Score of Calcaneus in Foot in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Hsuan Chiu ◽  
Mei-Yueh Lee ◽  
Pei-Yu Wu ◽  
Jiun-Chi Huang ◽  
Szu-Chia Chen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Taiwanese Population ◽  
T Score

Studies have suggested that there may be common pathogenic pathways linking osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome (MetS) due to the multiple risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease caused by MetS. However, results on the association between MetS and bone health are inconsistent and sometimes contradictory. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between the effects of MetS risk factors and bone mineral density (BMD) T-score in a longitudinal study of 27,033 participants from the Taiwan Biobank with a follow-up period of 4 years. BMD of the calcaneus was measured in the non-dominant foot using ultrasound in the Taiwanese population. The overall prevalence rates of MetS were 16.7% (baseline) and 21.2% (follow-up). The participants were stratified into four groups according to the status of MetS (no/yes at baseline and follow-up). We investigated associations between MetS and its five components (baseline, follow-up) with BMD ΔT-score and found that the (no, yes) MetS group, (no, yes) abdominal obesity group, (no, yes) hypertriglyceridemia group, and (no, yes) low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol group had the lowest ΔT-score. Furthermore, in the (no, yes) MetS group, high Δwaist circumference (p = 0.009), high Δtriglycerides (p = 0.004), low ΔHDL cholesterol (p = 0.034), and low Δsystolic blood pressure (p = 0.020) were significantly associated with low ΔT-score, but Δfasting glucose was not. In conclusion, in this large population-based cohort study, our data provide evidence that the development of MetS is strongly associated with increased rates of BMD loss in the Taiwanese population. This suggests that the prevention of MetS should be taken into consideration in the prevention of osteoporosis in the Taiwanese population.

scholarly journals P129 Predictors of low bone mineral density in rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malika A Swar ◽  
Marwan Bukhari
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Family History ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fragility Fracture ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background/Aims  Osteoporosis (OP) is an extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that leads to increased fracture susceptibility due to a variety of reasons including immobility and cytokine driven bone loss. Bone loss in other populations has well documented risk factors. It is unknown whether bone loss in RA predominantly affects the femoral neck or the spine. This study aimed to identify independent predictors of low bone mineral density (BMD) in patients RA at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck. Methods  This was a retrospective observational cohort study using patients with Rheumatoid arthritis attending for a regional dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan at the Royal Lancaster Infirmary between 2004 and 2014. BMD in L1-L4 in the spine and in the femoral neck were recorded. The risk factors investigated were steroid use, family history of osteoporosis, smoking, alcohol abuse, BMI, gender, previous fragility fracture, number of FRAX(tm) risk factors and age. Univariate and Multivariate regression analysis models were fitted to explore bone loss at these sites using BMD in g/cm2 as a dependant variable. . Results  1,527 patients were included in the analysis, 1,207 (79%) were female. Mean age was 64.34 years (SD11.6). mean BMI was 27.32kg/cm2 (SD 5.570) 858 (56.2%) had some steroid exposure . 169(11.1%) had family history of osteoporosis. fragility fracture history found in 406 (26.6%). 621 (40.7%) were current or ex smokers . There was a median of 3 OP risk factors (IQR 1,3) The performance of the models is shown in table one below. Different risk factors appeared to influence the BMD at different sites and the cumulative risk factors influenced BMD in the spine. None of the traditional risk factors predicted poor bone loss well in this cohort. P129 Table 1:result of the regression modelsCharacteristicB femoral neck95% CIpB spine95%CIpAge at scan-0.004-0.005,-0.003&lt;0.01-0.0005-0.002,0.00050.292Sex-0.094-0.113,-0.075&lt;0.01-0.101-0.129,-0.072&lt;0.01BMI (mg/m2)0.0080.008,0.0101&lt;0.010.01130.019,0.013&lt;0.01Fragility fracture-0.024-0.055,0.0060.12-0.0138-0.060,0.0320.559Smoking0.007-0.022,0.0350.650.0286-0.015,0.0720.20Alcohol0.011-0.033,0.0 5560.620.0544-0.013,0.1120.11Family history of OP0.012-0.021,0.0450.470.0158-0.034,0.0650.53Number of risk factors-0.015-0.039,0.0080.21-0.039-0.075,-0.0030.03steroids0.004-0.023,0.0320.030.027-0.015,0.0690.21 Conclusion  This study has shown that predictors of low BMD in the spine and hip are different and less influential than expected in this cohort with RA . As the FRAX(tm) tool only uses the femoral neck, this might underestimate the fracture risk in this population. Further work looking at individual areas is ongoing. Disclosure  M.A. Swar: None. M. Bukhari: None.

Bone Mineral Density Assessment by DXA vs. QCT in Postmenopausal Females with Central Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Lejla Milisic ◽  
Sandra Vegar-Zubovic ◽  
Amina Valjevac ◽  
Suada Hasanovic-Vučković
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
T Score

Objectives: Although Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) is gold standard for osteoporosis diagnosis, several reports have shown discordant T-score values measured by Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) and DXA especially in obese subjects, but it is still not clear whether BMD measurement by two modalities is affected by overall obesity or central obesity in postmenopausal females. Therefore, the aims of this study were to compare BMD and T-scores by DXA and QCT and to evaluate whether these two osteoporosis assessment modalities yield different T-score values in postmenopausal females with obesity and central obesity. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 44 postmenopausal females, referred for osteoporosis screening. Anthropometric indices (BMI-body mass index, WC-waist circumference and ICOindex of central obesity) were measured and females underwent an assessment of bone mineral density by DXA and QCT. Results: Lumbar Spine (LS) T-score values were observed to be significantly lower by DXA compared to qCT in females with BMI >25 kg/m2, (-1.9±1.5 vs. -2.3±1.2; p=0.039), in females with WC>88 cm(-1.9±1.5 vs. -2.4±1.2; p=0.008) and in females with ICO>0.5(-1.96±1.4 vs. -2.5±1.2; p=0.004). However, in normal-weight females and in those without central obesity, LS T-scores by DXA were not different than qCT. DXA at lumbar spine and proximal femur revealed osteoporosis in 47.7% and 11.4% respectively, while QCT detected osteoporosis in 61.4% of females (p<0.001). Measures of central obesity; ICO and WC were not associated with QCT bone mineral density (BMD) (r=0.14 and r=0.21, respectively), but were positively associated with both DXALS BMD (r=0.29 and r=0.31; p<0.05) and DXA proximal femur BMD (r=0.41 and r=0.44; p<0.01). Conclusion: Our results suggest that obesity is associated with lower T-scores by DXA compared to QCT. Caution is needed when assessing osteoporosis status in obese postmenopausal females. However, further studies with larger sample size are needed to confirm the findings.

Bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone metabolism in predialysis patients with chronic kidney disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuri Fidan ◽  
Ayca Inci ◽  
Melahat Coban ◽  
Cevval Ulman ◽  
Seyhun Kursat
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Z Scores

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of serum bone turnover markers (BTM) and bone mineral density (BMD) determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in predialysis patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We enrolled 83 patients with CKD, 41 (49.4%) males, 42 (50.6%) females, with mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 23.90±12 (range=6.0–56.0). BMD of the lumbar spine (LS) (anteroposterior, L2 through L4), femoral neck (FN) and femoral trochanter (FT) were measured by DEXA. Biochemical BTM, including calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum specific alkaline phosphatase (serum AP), bone-specific AP (BSAP), plasma bicarbonate and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25hD) were used for the prediction of BMD loss. T score results of LS and FN were worse than FT. BMD levels were lower in females than in males (all p<0.05). According to different BMD T score levels, patients with age ≥65 years and patients in menopause were significantly more osteopenic (p=0.026) and there was no relation between different BMD T scores and presence of diabetes (p=0.654). A positive correlation was identified between the BMD of FN T-Z scores (r=0.270, p=0.029, r=0.306, p=0.012), FT T-Z scores (r=0.220, p=0.076, r:0.250, p=0.043) and serum HCO3, while the correlation with serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) and BSAP was considered to be negative. No statistically significant association was found between BMD of all the measured skeletal sites and eGFR. Loss of BMD was identified mostly in females over ≥65 years of age and after menopause. Higher serum levels of BSAP and AP can be determined in the advanced stages of renal failure and they reflect fracture risk of the femur, but not spine. Measurements of BMD by DEXA are useful to demonstrate bone loss, but not technical enough to distinguish the quantity of bone loss between different stages of CKD.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for bone loss in Southern Chinese with rheumatic diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoran Hu ◽  
Shuiming Xu ◽  
Qingyuan Yang ◽  
Jun Qi ◽  
He Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Southern Chinese ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Rheumatic Patients

Abstract Objectives: This study is to explore the prevalence of different stages of bone loss and the potential risk factors in rheumatic patients.Method: A cross-sectional study recruits 1,398 rheumatic patients and 302 healthy subjects. Demographic data, blood, and bone mineral density (BMD) tests are collected. Risk factors for bone loss in rheumatic patients are analyzed by logistic regression.Results: (1) Rheumatic patients are consisted of 40.0% rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 14.7% systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 14.2% osteoarthritis (OA), 9.2% ankylosing spondylosis (AS), 7.9% gout, 7.0% primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS), 3.8% systemic sclerosis (SSc), and 3.2% mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). (2) In male patients aged under 50 and premenopausal female patients, the bone mineral density score of AS (53.9%, P<0.001) and SLE (39.6%, P=0.034) patients is lower than the healthy controls (18.2%). (3) Osteopenia and osteoporosis are more prevailing in male patients aged or older than 50 and postmenopausal female patients with RA (P<0.001), OA (P=0.02) and SLE (P =0.011) than healthy counterparts. (4) Those with SLE, RA and AS gain the highest odd ratio of ‘score below the expected range for age’, osteopenia and osteoporosis, respectively. (5) Age, female, low BMI and hypovitaminosis D are found negatively associated with bone loss. Dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia could be protective factors.Conclusion: Young patients with AS and SLE have a significant higher occurrence of bone loss, and older patients with RA, OA and SLE had higher prevalence than healthy counterparts. SLE, RA, SSc and AS were founded significant higher risks to develop into bone loss after adjustment. Age, BMI and gender were commonly-associated with bone loss in all age-stratified rheumatic patients. These findings were not markedly different from those of previous studies.

The Relationship between Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome and Bone Mineral Density in Menopausal Korean Women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok-Hee KIM ◽  
Jooyoung KIM
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in menopausal women are potential causes of osteoporosis. However, there is no consensus on this. We aimed to determine the relationship between risk factors of MetS and bone mineral density (BMD) in menopausal Korean women. Methods: We enrolled 205 menopausal Korean women who visited a health promotion center in Seoul in 2015 and divided them into the following two groups according to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria with modified waist-circumference criteria: the non-MetS group (Group 1, n=90) and the MetS group (Group 2, n=115). Anthropometric parameters and clinical parameters, including blood pressure, blood lipid profile (cholesterol, triglycerides), and fasting blood sugar levels were recorded for all participants. BMD at the lumbar spine was determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The relationship between the risk factors of MetS and bone mineral density was analyzed by statistical methods. Results: There was no significant difference in risk factors of MetS between the groups. In correlation tests, waist circumference showed a significant association with body surface area (BSA) (r = -0.242, P < 0.001). Diastolic blood pressure was correlated with BSA (r = 0.186, P < 0.01) and bone mineral content (BMC) (r = 0.161, P < 0.05). However, multiple regression analysis showed no significant relationship between MetS risk factors and BMD. Conclusion: The risk factors of MetS did not affect BMD in menopausal Korean women. Follow-up studies with a larger study population are necessary size to allow the investigation of other research variables.

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