scholarly journals New Evaluation of Isoflavone Exposure in the French Population

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Lee ◽  
Laetitia Beaubernard ◽  
Valérie Lamothe ◽  
Catherine Bennetau-Pelissero
Keyword(s):  
Broad Bean ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Vegan Diet ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
French Population ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Present Evaluation ◽  
Food Offering ◽  
Price Analysis

The study relates the present evaluation of exposure to estrogenic isoflavones of French consumers through two approaches: (1) identification of the isoflavone sources in the French food offering, (2) a consumption-survey on premenopausal women. For the foodstuff approach 150 food-items were analysed for genistein and daidzein. Additionally, 12,707 labels of processed-foods from French supermarket websites and a restaurant-supplier website were screened, and 1616 foodstuffs of interest were retained. The sources of phytoestrogens considered were soy, pea, broad bean and lupine. A price analysis was performed. A total of 270 premenopausal women from the French metropolitan territory were interviewed for their global diet habits and soy consumption and perception. In supermarkets, there were significantly less selected foodstuffs containing soy than in restaurant (11.76% vs. 25.71%, p < 0.01). There was significantly more soy in low price-foodstuff in supermarket (p < 0.01). Isoflavone levels ranged from 81 to 123,871 µg per portion of the analyzed soy containing foodstuff. Among the women inquired 46.3% claimed to have soy regularly. Isoflavone intake >45 mg/day is associated to vegan-diet (p < 0.01). In total, 11.9% of soy-consumers had a calculated isoflavone intake >50 mg/day. This dose can lengthen the menstrual cycles. The actual exposure to phytoestrogen is likely to have an effect in a part of the French population.

The impact of gastric bypass surgery on sex hormones and menstrual cycles in premenopausal women

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Mandrup Kjær ◽  
Sten Madsbad ◽  
David M. Hougaard ◽  
Arieh S. Cohen ◽  
Lisbeth Nilas
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
The Impact

Acceptability of a Therapeutic Low-Fat, Vegan Diet in Premenopausal Women

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal Barnard ◽  
Anthony R. Scialli ◽  
Patricia Bertron ◽  
Donna Hurlock ◽  
Kalia Edmonds
Keyword(s):  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Vegan Diet ◽  
Low Fat

Secular Trends in Food Patterns of Guatemalan Consumers: New Foods for Old

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odilia I. Bermudez ◽  
Liza Hernandez ◽  
Manolo Mazariegos ◽  
Noel W. Solomons
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Secular Trends ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Food Patterns ◽  
Food Variety ◽  
Dietary Data

Background Food patterns of population groups change and adapt under the influence of several factors, including those related to globalization, urbanization, and the nutrition transition. Objective To document changes in food consumption and dietary patterns of Guatemalans, based on food surveys from the middle of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. Methods We accessed archival dietary data from surveys conducted in nine rural or semirural traditional Guatemalan communities in the 1950s and from two studies of nonindigenous Guatemalans and Guatemalans of Mayan descent conducted after 1998. The total number and types of food items and the nutrient intakes from the two eras were compared. Results We identified 210 distinct food items across time, including 108 items consumed in traditional indigenous and nonindigenous Guatemalan communities (“old” foods), of which 72% were still consumed by nonindigenous Guatemalans and 76% were still consumed by Mayan Guatemalans. Processed foods represented only 11% of the items consumed in traditional Guatemalan communities but 30% of those consumed by nonindigenous Guatemalans and 25% of those consumed by Mayan Guatemalans. The proportions of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins as percentages of total energy were 79:9:12 among traditional Guatemalan communities, 67:20:13 among nonindigenous Guatemalans, and 61:27:12 among Mayan Guatemalans. Conclusions Changes in Guatemalan food patterns and in nutrient intakes are marked by increased food variety, at the expense of reduction in the consumption of nutrient-dense foods and increase in the consumption of processed foods. Such changes are consistent with those observed in other societies, where a combination of forces associated with demographic, epidemiologic, and nutritional transitions is occurring within the dynamics of urbanization and globalization phenomena that characterize contemporary times.

scholarly journals Variation of Adolescent Snack Food Choices and Preferences along a Continuum of Processing Levels: The Case of Apples

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Svisco ◽  
Carmen Byker Shanks ◽  
Selena Ahmed ◽  
Katie Bark
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Snack Foods ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Processing Level

Food processing is used for transforming whole food ingredients into food commodities or edible products. The level of food processing occurs along a continuum from unprocessed to minimally processed, processed, and ultra-processed. Unprocessed foods use little to no processing and have zero additives. Minimally processed foods use finite processing techniques, including drying, freezing, etc., to make whole food ingredients more edible. Processed foods combine culinary ingredients with whole foods using processing and preservation techniques. Ultra-processed foods are manufactured using limited whole food ingredients and a large number of additives. Ultra-processed snack foods are increasing in food environments globally with detrimental implications for human health. This research characterizes the choices, consumption, and taste preferences of adolescents who were offered apple snack food items that varied along a processing level continuum (unprocessed, minimally processed, processed, and ultra-processed). A cross-sectional study was implemented in four elementary school classrooms utilizing a buffet of apple snack food items from the aforementioned four food processing categories. A survey was administered to measure students’ taste acceptance of the snacks. The study found that the students selected significantly (p < 0.0001) greater quantities of ultra-processed snack foods (M = 2.20 servings, SD = 1.23) compared to minimally processed (M = 0.56 servings, SD = 0.43) and unprocessed (M = 0.70 servings, SD = 0.37) snack foods. The students enjoyed the taste of ultra-processed snack foods (M = 2.72, SD = 0.66) significantly more (p < 0.0001) than minimally processed (M = 1.92, SD = 1.0) and unprocessed (M = 2.32, SD = 0.9) snack foods. A linear relationship was found between the selection and consumption quantities for each snack food item (R2 = 0.88). In conclusion, it was found that as processing levels increase in apple snack foods, they become more appealing and more heavily consumed by elementary school students. If applied broadly to snack foods, this conclusion presents one possible explanation regarding the high level of diet-related diseases and nutrient deficiencies across adolescents in America. Food and nutrition education, food product development, and marketing efforts are called upon to improve adolescent food choices and make less-processed snack food options more appealing and accessible to diverse consumers.

Pregnanediol excretion in fertile women: age-related changes

1988 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Metcalf ◽  
J. H. Livesey
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Menopausal Transition ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Excretion Rates

ABSTRACT In normal women reproductive capacity diminishes with age; the decline has been detected before the start of the menopausal transition. It is known that in premenopausal women most menstrual cycles are ovulatory. An investigation was set up to examine the possibility that there is an age-related decline in the ability of the corpus luteum to secrete progesterone at this time. Once-weekly urine samples for the measurement of pregnanediol were collected from 100 women aged 20–48 years, all of whom had regular 20- to 35–day menstrual cycles (1124 samples collected during the course of 312 menstrual cycles of which 96·8% were ovulatory). Pregnanediol excretion rates parallel the levels of progesterone in plasma. Examination of the rank correlation between age and pregnanediol excretion identified a significant negative correlation during the early and mid-follicular phases, but failed to detect any age-related change during the luteal phase. The evidence does not support the concept of an age-related increase in luteal phase defects before the start of the menopausal transition. J. Endocr. (1988) 119, 153–157

CLASSIFICATION OF MENSTRUAL CYCLES IN PRE- AND PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN

1981 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARY G. METCALF ◽  
R. A. DONALD ◽  
J. H. LIVESEY
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
The Other ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Perimenopausal Women ◽  
Type Classes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Class Iv

Urine for the analysis of pregnanediol, oestrogens, FSH and LH, was collected weekly from 50 normal menstruant women. Twenty of these women were aged ≥ 40 years and had a history of regular menstrual cycles; they are termed premenopausal. The other 30 reported a recent break in regular cyclicity and are termed perimenopausal. All menstrual cycles observed in the premenopausal women were ovulatory in type and 25–30 days in length. The 124 cycles observed in the perimenopausal women were 18–260 days in length (median, 29 days), with 52% of the ovulatory type. To describe this diversity, a systematic classification is proposed based on (1) the excretion of pregnanediol in the 12 days preceding menstruation (classes I–IV), (2) gonadotrophin output (categories A–E, and L), and (3) the length of the menstrual cycle in days. The premenstrual surge of pregnanediol was greatest in class I cycles and diminished progressively until it became undetectable in class IV. Gonadotrophin excretion was lowest in category A cycles and increased progressively until all levels were within the postmenopausal range by category E. In cycles of category L only LH (and not FSH) was raised. In the perimenopausal women 37 cycles included episodes of high gonadotrophin excretion (categories C–L), a phenomenon which was not seen in the premenopausal women. These cycles were usually longer than 50 days and were often anovulatory in type (classes II—IV). Typically they began with the high gonadotrophin levels and the low oestrogens which characterize the postmenopausal state, and ended after a rise in oestrogen output to levels ≥ 70 nmol/24 h. It is concluded that 'anovulatory' cycles and cycles in which there are 'postmenopausal' levels of FSH and LH are common in the perimenopause and that they are rare in premenopausal women.

scholarly journals Effect of Food Processing on Total Antioxidant Capacity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 370-370
Author(s):  
Steven Stanley ◽  
Anthony Basile ◽  
Anaissa Ruiz Tejada ◽  
Ellinor Hjelm ◽  
Karen Sweazea
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Abstract Objectives Ultra-processed foods (UPF) make up the majority of energy intake in the United States. Consumption of these foods is correlated with poor health outcomes related to chronic inflammation. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between food processing and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). It was hypothesized that TAC will be highest in Minimally Processed (MIN), lower in Processed (PRO), and lowest in Ultra-processed foods (UPF). Methods TAC (mmol/100g) data were obtained for 3,139 foods from a published data set. Food items were coded to agreement by the research team into three groups of the NOVA classification (MIN, PRO, UPF) as well as MyPyramid food groups (with alcohol and beverage groups added). A Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U Test were used to determine significance across and between groups, respectively, with an alpha of 0.05. Results The mean TAC of all three NOVA groups for all food items were significantly different (MIN: 11.66 ± 46.29; PRO: 0.85 ± 1.79; UPF: 0.80 ± 1.93; P &lt; 0.001). While all MyPyramid groups had significant differences in mean TAC between food processing groups (P &lt; 0.05 for all), Fruits, Alcohol, and Bean, Nuts, and Seeds supported the hypothesis. Whereas, mixed results were found for all other MyPyramid groups and did not support the hypothesis (i.e., mean TAC was not always lower in higher processed foods). Conclusions Generally, foods that were more processed were lower in TAC. However, this trend does not hold for all MyPyramid food groups which could be attributed to the varying food processing techniques (e.g., fortification and additives). The lower total antioxidant capacity, on average, of UPFs could be a mechanism through which consumption of these foods promotes inflammatory chronic disease. Funding Sources None.

Auditory Brain Stem Response Throughout the Menstrual Cycle

2003 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agostino Serra ◽  
Luigi Maiolino ◽  
Agostino Messina ◽  
Carmela Agnello ◽  
Salvatore Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem Response ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Brain Stem Response ◽  
Interpeak Interval

A prospective study was performed to evaluate the changes in the auditory brain stem response (ABR) that occur in healthy premenopausal women throughout the menstrual cycle. Ninety-four women with ovulatory menstrual cycles underwent ABR testing by auditory evoked potentials for wave I, III, and V latencies and for interpeak I-III, I-V, and III-V intervals during the follicular, periovular, and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. The wave latencies and the interpeak intervals showed shorter values during the periovular phase than during the luteal phase (p < .05) and shorter values during the follicular phase for wave I (p < .05) and interpeak interval I-V (p < .05). The ABR seems to be influenced by the variations of ovarian steroids that occur during the menstrual cycle.

scholarly journals Characteristics of salivary profiles of oestradiol and progesterone in premenopausal women

2005 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert T Chatterton ◽  
Esnar T Mateo ◽  
Nanjiang Hou ◽  
Alfred W Rademaker ◽  
Simbi Acharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Variation ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Breast Center ◽  
Multiple Time Points ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Density Study ◽  
Initial Cycle ◽  
Hormonal Levels

The objective of the study was to characterize salivary sex steroid levels in 56 women undergoing annual mammography who were participating in a breast density study at the Lynn Sage Breast Center of Northwestern Memorial Hospital, and to determine the predictability of the patterns within women. Saliva was collected daily by the women at home for one complete menstrual cycle and then again at approximately 6-month intervals. The occurrence of sporadic anovulatory cycles was identified in 12 subjects, and persistent oestradiol (OE2) elevation in all three cycles without significant progesterone levels occurred in another five subjects. In addition, both OE2 and progesterone were significantly lower in initial menstrual cycles than in subsequent cycles, suggestive of an effect of participation in the study on hormone levels. Initial salivary OE2 levels were not good predictors of corresponding levels in either follicular or luteal phases of the menstrual cycles at the 6-month intervals. However, after the initial cycle, progesterone levels were highly predictable within individuals over a period of 6 months (r=0.78, P< 0.001). The study emphasizes the natural variation among and within women in the absence of any intervention, and indicates the need for properly controlled studies before attributing changes in hormonal levels to therapy. In addition, it emphasizes the importance of sampling at multiple time points when examining the relationship between hormones and risk.

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