scholarly journals Variability of Water-Soluble Forms of Choline Concentrations in Human Milk during Storage, after Pasteurization, and among Women

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Moukarzel ◽  
Alejandra M. Wiedeman ◽  
Lynda S. Soberanes ◽  
Roger A. Dyer ◽  
Sheila M. Innis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Of Water ◽  
And Storage

Choline is critical for infant development and mother’s milk is the sole source of choline for fully breastfed infants until six months of age. Human milk choline consists to 85% of water-soluble forms of choline including free choline (FC), phosphocholine (PhosC), and glycerophosphocholine (GPC). Donor milk requires safe handling procedures such as cold storage and pasteurization. However, the stability of water-soluble forms of choline during these processes is not known. The objectives of this research were to determine the effect of storage and pasteurization on milk choline concentration, and the diurnal intra- and inter-individual variability of water-soluble choline forms. Milk samples were collected from healthy women who were fully breastfeeding a full-term, singleton infant <6 months. Milk total water-soluble forms of choline, PhosC, and GPC concentrations did not change during storage at room temperature for up to 4 h. Individual and total water-soluble forms of choline concentrations did not change after storage for 24 h in the refrigerator or for up to one week in the household freezer. Holder pasteurization decreased PhosC and GPC, and thereby total water-soluble choline form concentrations by <5%. We did not observe diurnal variations in PhosC and total water-soluble forms of choline concentrations, but significant differences in FC and GPC concentrations across five sampling time points throughout one day. In conclusion, these outcomes contribute new knowledge for the derivation of evidence-informed guidelines for the handling and storage of expressed human milk as well as the development of optimized milk collection and storage protocols for research studies.

The stability of water-soluble modified starch iodophors

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Navikaitė ◽  
P. P. Danilovas ◽  
R. Klimavičiūtė ◽  
J. Bendoraitienė
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Of Water

scholarly journals High-Throughput Analysis of Water-Soluble Forms of Choline and Related Metabolites in Human Milk by UPLC-MS/MS and Its Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Hampel ◽  
Setareh Shahab-Ferdows ◽  
Ngoc Nguyen ◽  
Gilberto Kac ◽  
Lindsay H. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Signal Loss ◽  
High Throughput Analysis ◽  
Infant Outcomes ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Minimal Sample ◽  
High Concentrations

Choline and related metabolites are key factors in many metabolic processes, and insufficient supply can adversely affect reproduction and fetal development. Choline status is mainly regulated by intake, and human milk is the only choline source for exclusively breastfed infants. Further, maternal status, genotype, and phenotype, as well as infant outcomes, have been related to milk choline concentrations. In order to enable the rapid assessment of choline intake for exclusively breastfed infants and to further investigate the associations between milk choline and maternal and infant status and other outcomes, we have developed a simplified method for the simultaneous analysis of human milk choline, glycerophosphocholine, phosphocholine, and the less abundant related metabolites betaine, carnitine, creatinine, dimethylglycine (DMG), methionine, and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) using ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS). These analytes have milk concentrations ranging over 3 orders of magnitude. Unlike other recently described LC-based methods, our approach does not require an ion-pairing reagent or high concentrations of solvent modifiers for successful analyte separation and thus avoid signal loss and potential permanent contamination. Milk samples (10 μl) were diluted (1:80) in water : methanol (1:4, v:v) and filtered prior to analysis with an optimized gradient of 0.1% propionic acidaq and acetonitrile, allowing efficient separation and removal of contaminants. Recovery rates ranged from 108.0 to 130.9% (inter-day variation: 3.3–9.6%), and matrix effects (MEs) from 54.1 to 114.3%. MEs were greater for carnitine, creatinine, and TMAO at lower dilution (1:40, p &lt; 0.035 for all), indicating concentration-dependent ion suppression. Milk from Brazilian women (2–8, 28–50, and 88–119 days postpartum, ntotal = 53) revealed increasing concentration throughout lactation for glycerophosphocholine, DMG, and methionine, while carnitine decreased. Choline and phosphocholine were negatively correlated consistently at all three collection time intervals. The method is suitable for rapid analysis of human milk water-soluble forms of choline as well as previously not captured related metabolites with minimal sample volumes and preparation.

Hydrolytic stability of water-soluble spruce O-acetyl galactoglucomannans

Holzforschung ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlin Xu ◽  
Andrey Pranovich ◽  
Jarl Hemming ◽  
Bjarne Holmbom ◽  
Simone Albrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Hydrolytic Stability ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Average Molar Mass ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Of Water ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract Water-soluble native O-acetyl galactoglucomannan (GGM) from spruce is a polysaccharide that can be produced in an industrial scale. To develop GGM applications, information is needed on its stability, particularly under acidic conditions. Therefore, acid hydrolysis of spruce GGM was investigated at various pH levels and temperatures. The results allow an estimation of the stability of GGM under food processing conditions and in biological systems. Determination of the average molar mass demonstrated that spruce GGM was stable at pH 1 and 37°C, as well as at pH 3 and 70°C. GGM was hydrolysed at pH 1 and 90°C. GGM oligomers and monomers were detected after degradation. Some of the oligomers contained O-acetyl groups. Monosaccharides were the predominant products in the hydrolysates after treatment at pH 1 and 90°C for 48 h. Pentoses, present in GGM samples as impurities, were released more easily than GGM hexoses. Glucose was more difficult to release than mannose. Traces of 6-deoxy-mannose and levoglucosan were found in the hydrolysates, indicating further degradation of hydrolysed monosaccharides.

scholarly journals Antosiyaninlerin Stabilitesini Etkileyen Faktörler

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1759
Author(s):  
Buket Aşkın ◽  
Erdoğan Küçüköner
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Visual Features ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Natural Color ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Storage

Anthocyanins are compounds, which responsible for red, blue, purple colors of fruits and vegetables and they have water soluble properties. One of the natural color pigments are anthocyanins were placed in flavonoids group. This pigment has glycoside form and it has different properties according to the included sugar group and chemical composition. Anthocyanins which known to have positive effects on health bring attractive to the visual features products bring. The limited stability of anthocyanins may cause important problems for process and storage of fruit and vegetables included anthocyanins. The chemical structure and important factors related to the stability of anthocyanins were evaluated within the scope of this review.

Effects of Processing and Storage on the Water-Soluble Vitamin Content of Human Milk

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 994-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. GOLDSMITH ◽  
R. R. EITENMILLER ◽  
R. T. TOLEDO ◽  
H. M. BARNHART
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Vitamin Content ◽  
Water Soluble Vitamin ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

The stability of water- and fat-soluble vitamin in dentifrices according to pH level and storage type

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Eun Park ◽  
Ki-Eun Kim ◽  
Yong-Jun Choi ◽  
Yong-Duk Park ◽  
Ha-Jeong Kwon
Keyword(s):  
The Stability ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Stability Of Water ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Type
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