scholarly journals What Dimensions of Risk Perception are Associated with Avoidance of Buying Processed Foods with Warning Labels?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2987
Author(s):  
Cristian Adasme-Berríos ◽  
Luis Aliaga-Ortega ◽  
Berta Schnettler ◽  
Mercedes Sánchez ◽  
Consuelo Pinochet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Warning Labels ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Health Authorities

Nutritional Warning Labels (NWLs) inform consumers about processed foods that exceed critical nutrient levels activating the risk perception in consumers. However, this information is limited. The objective was to identify the dimensions of risk perception and to study their associations with avoidance of buying processed foods with warning labels. A survey was applied to 807 decision-makers who choose what to eat at home. The four dimensions of risk perception (performance, financial, physical, and psychological) were identified through exploratory factor analysis. Through a multiple regression model, we determined the dimensions of risk perception and sociodemographic variables that affect the intention to avoid buying processed foods with NWLs. The results show that the performance risk, physical risk, and psychological risk positively affect the intention of avoiding processed foods with NWLs. In addition, the female gender considers NWLs to purchase foods. Nevertheless, the high frequency of consumption and belonging to a lower-income socioeconomic group are barriers to the use of NWLs. In conclusion, NWLs help people to choose processed food that does not impact negatively their food expectations, as well as their mental and physical health. However, health authorities must invest in nutrition education. Specifically, in groups who pay less attention to NWLs. Such groups include people with high daily consumption of processed foods, males, and low-income socioeconomic groups.

scholarly journals Potential impacts of policies to reduce purchasing of ultra-processed foods in Mexico at different stages of the social transition: an agent-based modeling approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Brent A. Langellier ◽  
Ivana Stankov ◽  
Ross A. Hammond ◽  
Usama Bilal ◽  
Amy H. Auchincloss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Social Transition ◽  
Warning Labels ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Transition Scenario

Abstract Objectives: To develop a simulation framework for assessing how combinations of taxes, nutrition warning labels, and advertising levels could affect purchasing of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in Latin American countries, and to understand whether policies reinforce or reduce pre-existing social disparities in UPF consumption. Design: We developed an agent-based simulation model using international evidence regarding the effect of price, nutrition warning labels, and advertising on UPF purchasing. Setting: We estimated policy effects in scenarios representing two stages of the “social transition” in UPF purchasing: 1) a pre-transition scenario, where UPF purchasing is higher among high-income households, similar to patterns in Mexico, 2) a post-transition scenario where UPF purchasing is highest among low-income households, similar to patterns in Chile. Participants: A population of 1,000 individual-agents with levels of age, income, educational attainment, and UPF purchasing similar to adult women in Mexico. Results: A 20% tax would decrease purchasing by 24% relative to baseline in both the pre- and post-transition scenarios, an effect that is similar in magnitude to that of a nutrition warning label policy. A 50% advertising increase or decrease had a comparatively small effect. Nutrition warning labels were most effective among those with higher levels of educational attainment. Labeling reduced inequities in the pre-transition scenario (i.e., highest UPF purchasing among the highest socioeconomic group), but widened inequities in the post-transition scenario. Conclusions: Effective policy levers are available to reduce UPF purchasing, but policymakers should anticipate that equity impacts will differ depending on existing social patterns in UPF purchasing.

scholarly journals Factors That Cause Concerns after Cardioverter Defibrillator Implantation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6095
Author(s):  
Olimpia Karczewska ◽  
Agnieszka Młynarska
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Icd Implantation ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Input Method ◽  
Two Stages

Background and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the factors that influence the occurrence of concerns and their intensification after the implantation of a cardioverter defibrillator. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective and observational study including 158 patients. The study was conducted in two stages: stage I before implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation and stage II follow-up visit six months after ICD implantation. Standardized questionnaires were used in both stages. Results: Age and female gender were significantly correlated with the occurrence and intensity of concerns. Patients who had a device implanted for secondary prevention also experienced higher levels of concern. Additionally, a multiple regression model using the stepwise input method was performed. The model was statistically significant and explained 42% of the observed variance in the dependent variable (p = 0.0001, R2 = 0.4215). The analysis showed that age (p = 0.0036), insomnia (p = 0.0276), anxiety (p = 0.0000) and negative emotions (p = 0.0374) were important predictors of the dependent variable and enabled higher levels of the number of concerns to be predicted. Conclusions: There is a relationship between the severity of the concerns related to an implanted ICD and age, gender, anxiety, negative emotions and insomnia. Indications for ICD implantation may be associated with increased concerns about ICD.

scholarly journals Body composition outcomes of Healthy Fit and the role of acculturation among low-income Hispanics on the US-Mexico border

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane I. Lopez ◽  
Lauren Chacon ◽  
Denise Vasquez ◽  
Louis D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Mexico Border

Abstract Background Hispanic immigrants continue to experience higher rates of overweight and obesity compared to their non-Hispanic counterparts. Acculturation may contribute to unhealthy weight gain among immigrant populations by shifting dietary patterns from high fruit and vegetable consumption to unhealthier high fat diets. Healthy Fit, a culturally tailored community health worker (CHW) intervention, aims to reduce obesity related outcomes by providing physical activity and nutrition education and resources in a low-income Hispanic population. This study aims to evaluate outcomes of Healthy Fit participants and examine changes in body composition in relation to level of acculturation at baseline and follow-up. Method In this longitudinal observational study, CHWs recruited 514 participants from community events and agencies serving low-income Hispanic populations in El Paso, Texas from 2015 to 2016. Following an in-person health screening, eligible participants received nutrition and physical activity education guided by fotonovelas, comic-like educational books. Telephone follow-ups made at 1, 3, and 6 months by CHWs encouraged follow-through on referrals. 288 participants completed the screening again during the 12-month follow-up. Results The sample was predominantly Hispanic (96%), female (82%), uninsured (79%), had a household income of less than $19,999 (70%), foreign-born (79%), preferred Spanish (86%) and few rated themselves as good or excellent for English proficiency (27%). Overall, Healthy Fit participants significantly improved (i.e., decreased) BFP by 0.71% (t = 2.47, p = 0.01) but not BMI (b = .01, t = − 0.14, p = .89). Contrary to expectations, acculturation was not associated with lower BMI (b = 0.09, p = 0.84) or BFP (b = 0.13, p = 0.85) at baseline. However, acculturation predicted changes in both BMI (b = 0.30, p = 0.03) and BFP (b = 1.33, p = 0 .01) from baseline to follow-up. Specifically, the low acculturation group improved in body composition measures over time and the high acculturation group did not improve in either measure. Conclusion Findings suggest Healthy Fit was most effective among less acculturated individuals. The influence of acculturation on the efficacy of nutrition and exercise interventions suggests that Hispanics should not be treated as a homogenous subgroup.

scholarly journals Design and Development of an Instrument on Knowledge of Food Safety, Practices, and Risk Perception Addressed to Children and Adolescents from Low-Income Families

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2324
Author(s):  
Sueny Andrade Batista ◽  
Elke Stedefeldt ◽  
Eduardo Yoshio Nakano ◽  
Mariana de Oliveira Cortes ◽  
Raquel Braz Assunção Botelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Income Students ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Rules Set

In the fight against foodborne diseases, expanding access to information for different groups is needed. In this aspect, it is crucial to evaluate the target audience’s particularities. This study constructed and validated an instrument containing three questionnaires to identify the level of knowledge, practices, and risk perception of food safety by low-income students between 11 and 14 years old. The following steps were used: systematic search of the databases; conducting and analyzing focus groups; questionnaires development; and questionnaires analysis. After two judges’ rounds, the final version was reached with 11 knowledge items, 11 practice items, and five risk perception items. The content validation index values were higher than 0.80. The adopted methodology considered the students’ understanding and perceptions, as well the appropriate language to be used. Besides, it allowed the development of questionnaires that directly and straightforwardly covers the rules set by the World Health Organization for foodborne disease control called Five Keys to Safer Food (keep clean; separate raw and cooked; cook thoroughly; keep food at safe temperatures; and use safe water and raw materials). Its use can result in a diagnosis for elaborating educational proposals and other actions against foodborne illness in the most vulnerable population.

scholarly journals Perception of Risk, Self-Efficacy and Social Trust during the Diffusion of Covid-19 in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3427
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Diotaiuti ◽  
Giuseppe Valente ◽  
Stefania Mancone ◽  
Lavinia Falese ◽  
Fernando Bellizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Perception Of Risk ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Perceived Trust ◽  
Health Authorities

The Coronavirus pandemic has affected the lives of people all over the world. The perception of risk and people’s consequent behaviour during a pandemic are very complex and are affected by multiple cultural and psychological factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the change in risk perception, perceived self-efficacy and the perceived trust in the behaviour of others, the decisions of health authorities and government provisions, as well as the variation of self-restraint behaviours during the spread of the Covid-19 epidemic in Italy. We used a convenience sample of 707 university students (Mage = 22.99; SD = 4.01) from a central area of Italy. Participants freely joined the research by answering an online questionnaire between February and March 2020. Three time intervals defined by the progressive containment measures implemented by the Italian Government were considered. Main outcome measures were the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, the Risk Perception Index, the Index of Self-restraint Behaviours, and Institutional and Interpersonal Trust Measures. Results confirmed that significant changes in the time progression have occurred in the perception of risk, in the perception of individual self-efficacy, in the value attributed to social responsibility, in interpersonal trust and in trust in health authorities. The study also identified the participants’ personality traits and locus of control as predictors (positive and negative) of perceived self-efficacy and tested a mediation model of trust on the effect of risk perception on self-restraint intentions.

Using Formative Research to Inform a BCC Strategy to Increase Food Security and Dietary Diversity in Low-Income Rural Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Turk T ◽  
◽  
Safdar NF ◽  
Hashmi S ◽  
Shah N ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Formative Research ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Kitchen Gardens

Background: Adequate nutrition is a public health priority, particularly in low-income rural areas where there is a high prevalence of malnutrition and stunting. Baluchistan is an arid desert and mountainous province with the worst health indicators in Pakistan. The objective of this research study was to identify current knowledge, attitudes and practices of vulnerable women with young children residing in remote areas of Baluchistan and assess their information needs to guide the development of a BCC nutrition strategy materials and activities. Methods: This study design incorporated formative research via eight focus group discussions with demand and supply-side program beneficiaries (n=124) to assess current nutrition knowledge, attitudes and beliefs toward kitchen gardens and proposed nutrition resources. Semi-structured interviews (n=16) were also conducted to provide program intelligence from key informants. A literature review supported the development of discussion agenda based on predominant behavioral theories. Data analysis was conducted with in vivo qualitative software coupled with grounded theory with qualitative findings triangulated. Results: The study identified important factors for the development of BCC resources and activities. Opportunities included effective nutrition education, improved income and livelihoods from kitchen gardens, women’s empowerment and gender equality. Challenges included traditional cultural practices, entrenched food preparation behaviour, environmental and infrastructural constraints. Conclusions: Lessons learned highlight the benefits of integrating formative research methods with a comprehensive literature review and behavioural theories for the development of BCC resources for nutrition programs in insecure and resource-constrained settings.

Use of Pictures to Facilitate Nutrition Education for Low-income African American Women

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S. Houts ◽  
Sharada Shankar ◽  
Ann C. Klassen ◽  
Ellen B. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Low Income ◽  
American Women
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