scholarly journals Associations of Vitamin D Deficiency, Parathyroid hormone, Calcium, and Phosphorus with Perinatal Adverse Outcomes. A Prospective Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3279
Author(s):  
Íñigo María Pérez-Castillo ◽  
Tania Rivero-Blanco ◽  
Ximena Alejandra León-Ríos ◽  
Manuela Expósito-Ruiz ◽  
María Setefilla López-Criado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy has been linked to perinatal adverse outcomes. Studies conducted to date have recommended assessing interactions with other vitamin D-related metabolites to clarify this subject. We aimed to evaluate the association of vitamin D deficiency during early pregnancy with preterm birth. Secondary outcomes included low birth weight and small for gestational age. Additionally, we explored the role that parathyroid hormone, calcium and phosphorus could play in the associations. We conducted a prospective cohort study comprising 289 pregnant women in a hospital in Granada, Spain. Participants were followed-up from weeks 10–12 of gestation to postpartum. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphorus were measured within the first week after recruitment. Pearson’s χ2 test, Mann–Whitney U test, binary and multivariable logistic regression models were used to explore associations between variables and outcomes. 36.3% of the participants were vitamin D deficient (<20 ng/mL). 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was inversely correlated with parathyroid hormone (ρ = −0.146, p = 0.013). Preterm birth was associated with vitamin D deficiency in the multivariable model, being this association stronger amongst women with parathyroid hormone serum levels above the 80th percentile (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 6.587, 95% CI (2.049, 21.176), p = 0.002). Calcium and phosphorus were not associated with any studied outcome. Combined measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone could be a better estimator of preterm birth than vitamin D in isolation.

Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and secondary hyperparathyroidism in Fontan patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 876-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finn Holler ◽  
Tobias Hannes ◽  
Ingo Germund ◽  
Mathias Emmel ◽  
Heike Hoyer-Kuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Protein Losing Enteropathy ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Fontan Patients

AbstractBackgroundLimited data exist on the vitamin D status in Fontan patients. We determined the prevalence and potential risk factors of vitamin D deficiency in this patient subset.Methods and resultsData were collected from 27 Fontan patients (55.6% male, mean age 8.1±5.3 years). Protein-losing enteropathy was diagnosed in six patients (22.2%). Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of <20 ng/ml. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, a marker of systemic inflammation, was calculated. Associations between laboratory measurements and patient characteristics were explored. Mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was 14.1±10.4 ng/ml. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 19/27 patients (70.3%). Only skin type was associated with vitamin D deficiency (p=0.04). Hyperparathyroidism was present in 5/21 (23.8%) patients, and was more prevalent in patients with protein-losing enteropathy (p<0.001). Parathyroid hormone levels correlated with parameters of systemic inflammation (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio: r=0.484, p=0.026; relative lymphocyte count: r=−0.635, p=0.002). Vitamin D supplementation significantly increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (p<0.0001), and was accompanied by a reduction in parathyroid hormone concentrations (p=0.032).ConclusionsA high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was found among Fontan patients, independent of age, time after Fontan procedure, ventricular morphology, and presence of protein-losing enteropathy. A potentially important link between parathyroid hormone levels and systemic inflammation is suggested.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Status and Risk of Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes: A Retrospective Single Center Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4048
Author(s):  
Yiqing Peng ◽  
Malinda Wu ◽  
Jessica A. Alvarez ◽  
Vin Tangpricha
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Objective: Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) affects up to half of the people with cystic fibrosis (CF) by adulthood. CFRD is primarily caused by pancreatic dysfunction that leads to insufficient insulin release and/or insulin resistance. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in people with CF is associated with fat-soluble vitamin malabsorption, including vitamins A, D, E, and K. This study examined the relationship between vitamin D status, assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), and the development of CF-related diabetes (CFRD) in adults with CF. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of adults seen at a single CF center. The data were extracted from the electronic medical records and the Emory Clinical Data Warehouse, a data repository of health information from patients seen at Emory Healthcare. We collected age, race, the first recorded serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration, body mass index (BMI), and onset of diabetes diagnosis. Log-rank (Mantel–Cox) tests were used to compare the relative risk of CFRD onset in the subjects with stratified vitamin D status and weight status. A sub-group analysis using chi-square tests assessed the independence between vitamin D deficiency and CFRD risk factors, including gender and CF mutation types (homozygous or heterozygous for F508del, or others). Unpaired t-tests were also used to compare the BMI values and serum 25(OH)D between the CF adults based on the CFRD development. Results: This study included 253 subjects with a mean age of 27.1 years (±9.0), a mean follow-up time period of 1917.1 (±1394.5) days, and a mean serum 25(OH)D concentration of 31.8 ng/mL (±14.0). The majority (52.6%) of the subjects developed CFRD during the study period. Vitamin D deficiency (defined as 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL) was present in 25.3% of the subjects. Close to two thirds (64.1%) of the subjects with vitamin D deficiency developed CFRD during the study. Vitamin D deficiency increased the risk of developing CFRD (chi-square, p = 0.03) during the course of the study. The time to the onset of CFRD stratified by vitamin D status was also significant (25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL vs. 25(OH)D ≥ 20 ng/mL) (95% CI: 1.2, 2.7, p < 0.0078). Conclusion: Our findings support the hypothesis that adults with CF and vitamin D deficiency are at a higher risk of developing CFRD and are at risk for earlier CFRD onset. The maintenance of a serum 25(OH)D concentration above 20 ng/mL may decrease the risk of progression to CFRD.

scholarly journals Predictors of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations among a Sample of Egyptian Schoolchildren

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mones M. Abu Shady ◽  
Mai M. Youssef ◽  
Ebtissam M. Salah El-Din ◽  
Ola M. Abdel Samie ◽  
Hala S. Megahed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Milk Intake ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Objective. To assess the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D status among a sample of Egyptian schoolchildren and to evaluate predictors of deficiency and insufficiency.Subjects and Methods. A cross-sectional study comprising 200 prepubescent schoolchildren aged from 9 to 11 years was performed. A questionnaire including frequency of midday sun exposure, milk intake, physical activity, and level of maternal education was taken. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated; serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], serum calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone were measured.Results. Vitamin D deficiency [serum 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL] was detected in 11.5% of subjects while its insufficiency (serum 25(OH)D is between 20 and 29.9 ng/mL) was detected in 15%. Results revealed that obesity, low physical activity, low sun exposure, and low maternal education level are significant predictors of insufficiency, though female gender, low maternal education level, and low milk intake are significant predictors of deficiency. Lower serum phosphorus and higher serum parathyroid hormone were significantly associated with both deficiency and insufficiency (p<0.05).Conclusion. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are common among schoolchildren in Egypt. Food fortification, vitamin D supplementation, and increasing maternal awareness about the importance of physical activity and exposure of their children to ultraviolet light may help to overcome this problem.

scholarly journals The relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone concentration in assessing vitamin D deficiency in pet rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mäkitaipale ◽  
S. Sankari ◽  
H. Sievänen ◽  
O. Laitinen-Vapaavuori
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Hormone Concentration ◽  
Metabolic Bone Diseases ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Metabolic Bone ◽  
Ionised Calcium ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Abstract Background Vitamin D deficiency and related metabolic bone diseases in pet rabbits have been intermittently debated. In human research, the parathyroid hormone concentration in relation to the 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration is used to determine vitamin D deficiency. Thus, this study aimed to identify the breakpoint in the 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration indicating a significant change in the parathyroid hormone concentration in 139 pet rabbits. An enzyme immunoassay kit was used for 25-hydroxyvitamin D analysis and the intact parathyroid hormone (PTH 1–84) immunoradiometric assay kit for parathyroid hormone analysis. The mid-tibial cortical bone density was measured using peripheral quantitative computed tomography. A segmented linear regression analysis was performed, with the 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration as the independent variable, and parathyroid hormone, ionised calcium, total calcium, inorganic phosphorus concentrations and the mid-tibial cortical density as the dependent variables. Results The breakpoint for the parathyroid hormone concentration occurred at a 25(OH)D concentration of 17 ng/mL, whereas the cortical bone density breakpoint occurred at a 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration of 19 ng/mL. No breakpoints were found for ionised calcium, total calcium or phosphorus. Conclusions These results suggest that a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration of 17 ng/mL serves as the threshold for vitamin D deficiency in rabbits. Nearly one-third of the rabbits had a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration below this threshold. Concerns persist regarding the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pet rabbits and the possible health consequences caused by a chronic vitamin D deficiency, including the risk for metabolic bone diseases.

scholarly journals Exploring the concept of functional vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy: impact of the interaction between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone on perinatal outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Hemmingway ◽  
Louise C Kenny ◽  
Lucio Malvisi ◽  
Mairead E Kiely
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
In Pregnancy

AbstractBackgroundAssociations of vitamin D with perinatal outcomes are inconsistent and few studies have considered the wider calcium metabolic system.ObjectivesWe aimed to explore functional vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy by investigating associations between vitamin D status, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and perinatal outcomes.DesignSCOPE (Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints) Ireland is a prospective cohort study of low-risk, nulliparous pregnant women. We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and PTH at 15 wk of gestation in 1754 participants.ResultsMean ± SD 25(OH)D was 56.6 ± 25.8 nmol/L (22.7 ± 10.3 ng/mL) and geometric mean (95% CI) PTH was 7.84 pg/mL (7.7, 8.0 pg/mL) [0.86 pmol/L (0.85, 0.88 pmol/L)]. PTH was elevated in 34.3% of women who had 25(OH)D <30 nmol/L and in 13.9% of those with 25(OH)D ≥75 nmol/L. Whereas 17% had 25(OH)D <30 nmol/L, 5.5% had functional vitamin D deficiency, defined as 25(OH)D <30 nmol/L with elevated PTH. Elevated mean arterial pressure (MAP), gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth were confirmed in 9.2%, 11.9%, 3.8%, and 10.6% of participants, respectively. In fully adjusted regression models, neither low 25(OH)D nor elevated PTH alone increased the risk of any individual outcome. The prevalence of elevated MAP (19.1% compared with 9.7%) and SGA (16.0% compared with 6.7%) were highest (P < 0.05) in those with functional vitamin D deficiency compared with the reference group [25(OH)D ≥75 nmol/L and normal PTH]. The adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) and RR (95% CIs) for elevated MAP and SGA were 1.83 (1.02, 3.27) and 1.53 (0.80, 2.93), respectively. There was no effect of functional vitamin D deficiency on the risk of gestational hypertension (adjusted RR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.60, 1.67) or pre-eclampsia (adjusted RR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.32, 4.20).ConclusionThe concept of functional vitamin D deficiency, reflecting calcium metabolic stress, should be considered in studies of vitamin D in pregnancy.The SCOPE pregnancy cohort is registered at http://www.anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12607000551493.

scholarly journals An Unusual Case of Hypercalcemia Associated with Graves’ Disease and Vitamin D Deficiency

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. CMED.S7116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenia Korytnaya ◽  
Nagashree Gundu Rao ◽  
Jane V. Mayrin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D

Objective To present a case of hypercalcemia associated with thyrotoxicosis in a patient with vitamin D deficiency and review biochemical changes during the course of treatment. Methods We report a case, describe the changes in serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone in Graves’ disease and concomitant Vitamin D deficiency. We compare our findings to those reported in literature. Results Our patient had hypercalcemia secondary to thyrotoxicosis alone, which was confirmed by low parathyroid hormone level and resolution of hypercalcemia with treatment of thyrotoxicosis. The case was complicated by a concomitant vitamin D deficiency. Serum calcium elevation in patients with thyrotoxicosis occurs secondary to hyperthyroidism alone or due to concurrent hyperparathyroidism. Hypercalcemia from thyrotoxicosis is usually asymptomatic and is related to bone resorption. Vitamin D deficiency can be seen in patients with thyrotoxicosis because of accelerated metabolism, poor intestinal absorption and increased demand during bone restoration phase. Coexistence of hypercalcemia and Vitamin D deficiency in patients with thyrotoxicosis is rare, but possible, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels should be checked. The definite treatment for hypercalcemia in thyrotoxicosis is correction of thyroid function. Conclusion Hypercalcemia in thyrotoxicosis should be distinguished from concomitant hyperparathyroidism and confirmed by resolution of hypercalcemia with control of thyrotoxicosis. Patients with hypercalcemia and thyrotoxicosis may also have vitamin D deficiency and 25-OH Vitamin D levels should be checked.

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