scholarly journals Effect of a High-Intensity Dietary Intervention on Changes in Dietary Intake and Eating Pathology during a Multicomponent Adolescent Obesity Intervention

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1850
Author(s):  
Hollie A. Raynor ◽  
Suzanne E. Mazzeo ◽  
Jessica Gokee LaRose ◽  
Elizabeth L. Adams ◽  
Laura M. Thornton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Obesity Treatment ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Eating Pathology ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Eating Disorder Examination

Concerns remain about dietary changes during pediatric obesity treatment and eating pathology, which have not been investigated. This secondary data analysis from a randomized clinical trial examined associations between adolescents’ changes in energy intake and diet quality during obesity treatment with post-treatment eating pathology. Adolescents (N = 82: 13.7 ± 1.2 y, 34.9 ± 7.0 kg/m2, 63.4% female, 46.3% black) received TEENS+, a 4-month multicomponent intervention. TEENS+ provided individualized dietary goals (1200–1800 kcal/day; number of “Go” foods/day (low-energy, high-nutrient-dense foods)). At 0 and 4 months, 3-day food records assessed energy intake and diet quality (Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015)). Two HEI-2015 subscores were created: components to increase (increase), and components to limit (decrease). The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire measured eating pathology (total score and subscales: restraint; and eating, weight, and shape concern). Corrected p-values are reported as q-values. Energy intake decreased (−292 ± 418 kcal/day; q < 0.001), while diet quality improved during treatment (total HEI-2015 (4.5 ± 15.1; q = 0.034) and increase (3.3 ± 9.4; q = 0.011)). Restraint increased (+0.6 ± 1.4; q < 0.001), whereas shape (−0.5 ± 1.3; q = 0.004) and weight (−0.5 ± 1.4; q = 0.015) concerns decreased. Greater decreases in energy intake were associated with greater restraint post-treatment (F = 17.69; q < 0.001). No other significant associations were observed. Changes in adolescents’ dietary intake during obesity treatment were unrelated to increased shape, weight, or eating concerns post-treatment.

scholarly journals Associations Between Consumption of Ready to Eat Cereal and Dietary Intake and Diet Quality in Hispanics (P18-052-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Jessica Smith ◽  
Vipra Vanage ◽  
Neha Jain ◽  
Mitesh Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Hispanic Population ◽  
Hispanic Children ◽  
Added Sugar

Abstract Objectives To understand consumption pattern of ready to eat cereal (RTEC) in the Hispanic population in the United States and investigate associations between RTEC consumption and dietary intake as well as diet quality in this population. Methods Children aged between 2–17 years old (N = 899) and adults aged 18 years or older (N = 1593) who were Mexican American or other Hispanics from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2016 were included in the study. Day 1 dietary data were used to determine RTEC consumption status, energy intake, nutrient and food group intake. Diet quality was measured as the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015). Multiple linear regression analyses for surveys were conducted to estimate covariates-adjusted associations between RTEC consumption and dietary intake, as well as diet quality. Results About 40% of Hispanic children reported RTEC consumption whereas only 14% of Hispanic adults were RTEC eaters. RTEC eaters were more likely from lower income families. Compared to non-eaters, both children and adults who reported RTEC consumption had significantly higher intake of whole grains, dairy products, and vitamins and minerals such as calcium, iron, zinc, folate, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, vitamin A, vitamin D; as well as significantly lower intake of sodium and dietary cholesterol (P < 0.05 for all). Total energy intake and added sugar intake did not differ by RTEC consumption status in both age groups. HEI-2015 total score was significantly higher in RTEC eaters than non-eaters in both Hispanic children and adults (P < 0.05 for both). Conclusions Consumption of RTEC is associated with improved diet quality including higher intake of whole grain and dairy products, as well as several vitamins and minerals in both Hispanic children and adults. Consumption of RTEC is not associated with total energy intake or added sugar in the Hispanic population. Funding Sources The study was funded by General Mills, Inc.

Changes in Adolescents’ Dietary Intake Following the Initiation of an 8-Week Exercise Program

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Catherine Pouliot ◽  
Alyssa Biagé ◽  
Denis Prud’homme ◽  
Isabelle Giroux
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Food Density ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Food Quantity

Purpose: To assess changes in dietary intake of adolescents following an 8-week aerobic exercise program. Methods: Twenty-six adolescents (14–18 years) participated in an 8-week aerobic exercise program on cycle ergometer at their high school in Quebec, Canada. Twenty-four hour recalls were collected pre- and post-intervention. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA and paired sample t-tests were used to assess differences in energy and dietary intake parameters (food quantity, diet quality, eating patterns) between pre- and postintervention. Results: A decrease in total daily energy intake (–287.8 kcal, P = 0.007), in meal size at lunch (–110.1 g, P = 0.02) and dinner (–143.7 g, P = 0.03), in food density at breakfast (–1.8 kcal/g, P = 0.04), in daily carbohydrate intake (–56.1 g, P = 0.005), and in percentage of energy intake consumed at school (–5.1%, P = 0.04) were observed following initiation of an aerobic exercise program. No change in healthy eating index scores or percentage of energy from processed foods was observed. Conclusions: Changes in energy intake, food quantity, and eating pattern but not diet quality (Healthy Eating Index or food processing scores) were observed following the initiation of an aerobic exercise program. Nutrition interventions may be needed, in addition to an exercise program, to target diet quality and promote healthy eating habits in adolescents.

Associations between added sugar (solid vs. liquid) intakes, diet quality, and adiposity indicators in Canadian children

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 835-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
JiaWei Wang ◽  
Lei Shang ◽  
Kelly Light ◽  
Jennifer O’Loughlin ◽  
Gilles Paradis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Added Sugars

Little is known about the influence of different forms of added sugar intake on diet quality or their association with obesity among youth. Dietary intake was assessed by three 24-h recalls in 613 Canadian children (aged 8–10 years). Added sugars (mean of 3-day intakes) were categorized according to source (solid or liquid). Dietary intake and the Canadian Healthy Eating Index (« HEI-C ») were compared across tertiles of solid and liquid added sugars separately as were adiposity indicators (body mass index (BMI), fat mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and waist circumference). Cross-sectional associations were examined in linear regression models adjusting for age, sex, energy intake, and physical activity (7-day accelerometer). Added sugar contributed 12% of total energy intake (204 kcal) on average, of which 78% was from solid sources. Higher consumption of added sugars from either solid or liquid source was associated with higher total energy, lower intake of micronutrients, vegetables and fruit, and lower HEI-C score. Additionally liquid sources were associated with lower intake of dairy products. A 10-g higher consumption of added sugars from liquid sources was associated with 0.4 serving/day lower of vegetables and fruit, 0.4-kg/m2 higher BMI, a 0.5-kg higher fat mass, and a 0.9-cm higher waist circumference whereas the associations of added sugars from solid sources and adiposity indicators tended to be negative. In conclusion, higher consumption of added sugar from either solid or liquid sources was associated with lower overall diet quality. Adiposity indicators were only positively associated with added sugars from liquid sources.

scholarly journals Higher Protein Intake During Energy Restriction Alters Dietary Patterns and Maintains Diet Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 438-438
Author(s):  
Anna Ogilvie ◽  
Yvette Schlussel ◽  
Sue Shapses
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Obese Adults

Abstract Objectives A higher protein diet can be a successful approach to weight loss and improved health outcomes. However, the effect of a higher protein diet on other foods in the diet is not known. Evidence suggests diet quality scores provide a comprehensive representation of dietary intake and the complex interconnected nature of nutrient intake. In this study, the objective was to examine the effect of protein intake during moderate weight loss using four diet quality scores in overweight and obese adults. Methods Overweight and obese adults (n = 235) were counseled, bimonthly, to reduce energy intake over 6 months following the ADA food lists. The diets were individualized so range of macronutrient intake varied, but all individuals were encouraged to consume &gt; 0.8 g/kg protein. Dietary intake was assessed and validated at baseline and ≥ 6 days during the intervention. In addition to the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Mediterranean Diet Quality Score (MDS), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet quality score (DASH) were adjusted for energy intake and used to calculate diet quality. Results Subjects (55 ± 11 years) were overweight and obese (BMI 28.9 ± 4.0 kg/m2) and consumed 17.5 ± 5.3% energy from protein at baseline. During the intervention, subjects lost 4.5 ± 5.4% body weight, with a 333 ± 605 kcal deficit and 18.7 ± 3.5% protein intake. During the intervention, only the HEI score correlated with protein intake (r = 0.240, P &lt; 0.001); however, all scoring methods (HEI AHEI, MDS, DASH) showed consistent patterns of food groups changing with higher protein intake. As expected, there was greater intake of meat, but also intake of vegetables. In addition, diet quality scores that measured dairy (HEI, DASH, MDS), unsaturated fatty acids (AHEI, MDS) and sodium (HEI, AHEI) showed an increase with higher protein intake. Conclusions In individuals following a weight loss diet, higher protein intake consistently altered dietary patterns of low-protein food components including higher intake of vegetables, unsaturated fat, and sodium. In an overweight and obese population with no comorbidities, HEI, AHEI, MDS, and DASH diet scores are effective methods of measuring diet quality and food patterns during moderate weight loss. Funding Sources Financial support by North American Branch-ILSI and National Institute of Health-NIA is appreciated.

scholarly journals Association between Ready-to-Eat Cereal Consumption and Nutrient Intake, Nutritional Adequacy, and Diet Quality in Adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2016

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2952
Author(s):  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Neha Jain ◽  
Vipra Vanage ◽  
Norton Holschuh ◽  
Anne Hermetet Agler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition

This study examined differences in dietary intake between ready-to-eat cereal eaters and non-eaters in adults from the United States. Participants (n = 5163) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2016 were included. One-day dietary recall was used to define ready-to-eat cereal consumption status and estimate dietary intake in eaters and non-eaters. Data from Food Patterns Equivalent Database 2015–2016 were used to compare intakes of food groups by consumption status. Diet quality was assessed by Healthy Eating Index 2015. Nineteen percent of US adults were ready-to-eat cereal eaters; they had a similar level of energy intake as non-eaters, but they had significantly higher intake of dietary fiber, and several vitamins and minerals, such as calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, zinc, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin D. They were also more likely to meet nutrient recommendations. Compared to non-eaters, ready-to-eat cereal eaters had the same level of added sugar intake but they had significantly higher intake of whole grains, total fruits, and dairy products. The diet quality of ready-to-eat cereal eaters was significantly higher than that of non-eaters. The study supports that ready-to-eat cereal eaters have better dietary intake with a healthier dietary pattern than non-eaters in the United States.

scholarly journals Nutritional intake and overall diet quality of female soccer players before the competition period

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel dos SANTOS ◽  
Jacqueline Queiroz da SILVEIRA ◽  
Thais Borges CESAR
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Soccer

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the dietary intake and overall diet quality of female soccer players before the competitive games. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study included 21 women aged 20.8±4.5 years from a professional soccer team. Their nutritional status and dietary adequacy during the training period, before competition season, were assessed. Dietary intake was assessed by three 24-hour recalls, one food frequency questionnaire, and the Healthy Eating Index, an overall diet quality index based on food group intake. Results: The athletes have shown proper nutritional status, but a diet deficient in energy due largely to low carbohydrate intake. On the other hand, the intakes of protein, fatty acids, and sodium were above the recommended intakes, even for athletes. Diet quality assessment by the Healthy Eating Index - 2010 resulted in a mean score of 54.6 points of a maximum of 100, indicating a need of improving the overall diet quality. Conclusion: The study found that the dietary patterns of female football players were both quantitatively and qualitatively inappropriate. A nutritional intervention is indicated to improve diet quality, with the inclusion of various foods, such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and better protein quality, along with a reduction in saturated fats, sodium, and added sugar.

scholarly journals Yogurt Consumption Is Associated with Better Dietary Intake and Diet Quality in School-aged Children (P18-112-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Jessica Smith ◽  
Valerie Benoit ◽  
Neha Jain ◽  
Vipra Vanage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Total Fat

Abstract Objectives To assess associations between yogurt consumption and dietary intake as well as diet quality in school-aged children in the United States. Methods A total of 3709 children aged 6–12 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2012, 2013–2014 and 2015–2016 were included in the study. Day 1 dietary data were used to determine yogurt consumption status, energy and nutrient intake. Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) was used as a measure of diet quality. Multiple linear regression analyses for surveys were conducted to estimate associations between yogurt consumption and dietary intake, as well as diet quality, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Results About 9% of children aged 6–12 years were yogurt eaters. Compared to non-eaters, children who reported yogurt consumption had significantly higher intake of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, total sugar and carbohydrate, as well as significantly less intake of total fat and sodium (P < 0.05 for all). There were no significant differences on intake of added sugar and total energy intake. HEI-2015 total score, as well as sub scores for greens and beans, whole fruit, dairy, and sodium were significantly higher in yogurt eaters than non-eaters (P < 0.05 for all). Conclusions Consumption of yogurt is associated with increased intake of several key vitamins and minerals, including nutrients of public health concern such as calcium and potassium, in school-aged children. Yogurt consumption is also associated with better diet quality in this population. Funding Sources The study was funded by General Mills, Inc.

scholarly journals Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviors in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome per the New International Evidence-Based Guideline

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie W. Lin ◽  
Maryam Kazemi ◽  
Brittany Y. Jarrett ◽  
Heidi Vanden Brink ◽  
Kathleen M. Hoeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
International Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based Guideline

Lifestyle modifications are recommended as first-line therapy in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, usual dietary and physical activity (PA) behaviors of women with PCOS remain uncertain, likely owing to controversy in diagnostic criteria. Our objective was to contrast the usual dietary and PA behaviors of women with PCOS (n = 80) diagnosed by the 2018 International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of PCOS to that of controls (n = 44). Study outcomes were dietary intake, diet quality (Healthy Eating Index-2015), and PA (questionnaire, waist-worn accelerometers). Women with PCOS met the acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges for carbohydrate, fat, and protein, but did not meet the recommended dietary reference intakes for vitamin D (mean (95% confidence interval); 6 (5–7) μg/d), vitamin B9 (275 (252–298) μg/d), total fiber (24 (22–26) g/d), or sodium (4.0 (3.6–4.4) g/d). Women with PCOS also met the US recommendations for PA. No differences were detected in dietary intake, diet quality, or PA levels between groups (p ≥ 0.11). In conclusion, women with and without PCOS have comparable dietary and PA behaviors. A lack of unique targets for dietary or PA interventions supports the position of the new guideline to foster healthy lifestyle recommendations for the management of PCOS.

scholarly journals Diet quality, anthropometrics, and gut microbiota composition in healthy adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Malinowska ◽  
Marcin Schmidt ◽  
Agata Chmurzynska
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition ◽  
Dietary Indices

AbstractHuman gut microbiota may affect metabolism and health by synthesizing metabolites and processing of food components. Those processes are specific to genus and species (or even strain), and dietary intake and metabolic state (such as obesity) can affect the composition of gut microbiota. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of dietary patterns and intake of several groups of food products and macronutrients, as well as the impact of anthropometric parameters on gut microbiota composition.The study group consisted of 200 men and women between 31 and 50 years of age. The diet was assessed using three-day dietary records and the dietary pattern was determined with the use of the original score method and two dietary indices, namely the Diet Quality Index – International (DQI-I) and the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). Bacterial DNA was isolated from the feces of the participants and microbiota composition was determined using metagenomic sequencing of the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene.Dietary indices and intake of energy from macronutrients did not correlate with the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes phylum ratio. However people with greater abundance of the Firmicutes phylum compared to Bacteroidetes consumed higher amounts of fermented milk beverages, hard cheese, and salt (78%, 48%, 14% higher intake respectively; p < 0.05). A higher diet quality as measured by the diet indices was positively correlated with the relative abundance of the Firmicutes phylum, Bacilli, Clostridia class, Lachnospira, Faecalibacterium, Coprococcus, and Prevotella genus and negatively correlated with the relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes phylum, Bacteroidia class, and Bacteroides genus. Higher dietary fiber intake positively correlated with the relative abundance of the Coprococcus, Lachnospira, and Roseburia genera, whereas energy intake from simple carbohydrates was positively correlated with the relative abundance of the Tenericutes phylum and the Mollicutes class. Energy intake from alcohol correlated positively with the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes phylum and Bacteroides class and correlated negatively with Firmicutes phylum and Clostridia class. Lower waist-to-hip-ratio, body mass index, and fat mass led to higher abundance of the Fecalibacterium genus.Both diet and anthropometric parameters are associated with gut microbiota composition. Associations between diet and the relative abundance of microbiota are nutrient-specific.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake/Patterns of Lactating Women from Northwest Mexico After an Individualized Dietary Intervention: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1091-1091
Author(s):  
Larisa Trecierras-Rangel ◽  
Andrea Garcia-Padilla ◽  
José Valenzuela-Gutierrez ◽  
Ana Limon-Miro ◽  
Trinidad Quizan-Plata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lactating Women

Abstract Objectives To assess the changes of nutrient intake in overweight or obese breastfeeding women after an individualized nutritional intervention. Methods Randomized clinical controlled trial. After an informed consent was signed, breastfeeding women (2–8 weeks postpartum) were randomly assigned by simple allocation in blocks (1:1) to either the intervention (In) or control (Cn) group. These two groups received general recommendations on healthy eating during lactation; additionally, the intervention group received a dynamic macronutrient meal equivalent with interchangeable foods every 2 weeks for 3 months, and a caloric restriction if needed. Nutrient intake was evaluated before and after the intervention using 3 non-consecutive 24-hour recalls; questionnaires were applied 1.5 mo intervals. Mean nutrient intakes were compared between groups; additionally, women's intake was contrasted against dietary reference intakes. Results Out of 939 potential participants, 303 were eligible but only 30 agreed to participate, and twenty (n = 10/group) completed the program. At baseline no difference was found for energy intake (P &gt; 0.05). At end line, In group consumed −870 kcal than the Cn group. After adjusting for energy intake (1000 kcal), for macronutrient; proteins, lipids and carbohydrates do not differ between groups (P &gt; 0.05). The median intakes of fiber were higher on In group + 15.4 g (10.1–21.8) compared with Cn group + 9.1 (6.7–13.4) P = 0.02, and sodium intake was higher on Cn group + 379 mg; compared with In group −638 mg P = 0.01. A notable proportion of all women failed to meet the EAR for vitamin A, but had adequate intake of Iron, pyridoxin and thiamin. Conclusions Our results indicate that an individualized intervention in lactating women can improve the dietary intake of key nutrients. Future research should focus on assessing the adequacy of dietary recommendations for overweight/obese breastfeeding women and the mother/infant dyad. Funding Sources LTR, AGP, JCVG received a fellowship from the National Research Council in Mexico.

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