scholarly journals Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation Increases White Adipose Tissue Mitochondrial Markers in Male and Female Rats in a Depot Specific Manner

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2406
Author(s):  
Chantal R. Ryan ◽  
Michael S. Finch ◽  
Tyler C. Dunham ◽  
Jensen E. Murphy ◽  
Brian D. Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Creatine Monohydrate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Shivering Thermogenesis

White adipose tissue (WAT) is a dynamic endocrine organ that can play a significant role in thermoregulation. WAT has the capacity to adopt structural and functional characteristics of the more metabolically active brown adipose tissue (BAT) and contribute to non-shivering thermogenesis under specific stimuli. Non-shivering thermogenesis was previously thought to be uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-dependent however, recent evidence suggests that UCP1-independent mechanisms of thermogenesis exist. Namely, futile creatine cycling has been identified as a contributor to WAT thermogenesis. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of creatine supplementation to alter mitochondrial markers as well as adipocyte size and multilocularity in inguinal (iWAT), gonadal (gWAT), and BAT. Thirty-two male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with varying doses (0 g/L, 2.5 g/L, 5 g/L, and 10 g/L) of creatine monohydrate for 8 weeks. We demonstrate that mitochondrial markers respond in a sex and depot specific manner. In iWAT, female rats displayed significant increases in COXIV, PDH-E1alpha, and cytochrome C protein content. Male rats exhibited gWAT specific increases in COXIV and PDH-E1alpha protein content. This study supports creatine supplementation as a potential method of UCP1-independant thermogenesis and highlights the importance of taking a sex-specific approach when examining the efficacy of browning therapeutics in future research.

Creatine Supplementation Exhibits Sex Differences in White Adipose Tissue and Increases Mitochondrial Markers in Female Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Chantal Rose Ryan ◽  
Tyler Dunham ◽  
Jensen Murphy ◽  
Brian D. Roy ◽  
Rebecca E.K. MacPherson
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers

scholarly journals The development of white adipose tissue. Effect of litter size on the lipoprotein lipase activity of four adipose-tissue depots, serum immunoreactive insulin and tissue cellularity during the first year of life in male and female rats

1980 ◽  
Vol 186 (3) ◽  
pp. 805-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Cryer ◽  
H M Jones
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Adipose Tissue Depots ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
First Year Of Life

(1.) Male and female rats reared in litters of four gained body weight more rapidly than animals reared in litters of 16. The differences were more marked in males than females and became less marked in both sexes with advancing age. (2.) The relative weights of the perigenital, perirenal, subcutaneous and intramuscular white-adipose-tissue sites in the animals from small litters indicated their relative obesity compared with animals from large litters. A sex-related difference in the distribution of adipose tissue between the four sites was seen in animals reared in litters of both four and 16. (3.) Although at 30 days of age all the animals had more numerous and larger fat-cells in their white-adipose-tissue depots than animals reared in large litters, the pattern of change thereafter was both site- and sex-specific. During the post-weaning period (30-300 days), although detailed differences were apparent between sites, a general pattern of increased cell size in males and increased cell numbers in females emerged as being the important determinants responsible for the differences in depot sizes seen when animals from litters of four and 16 were compared. (4.) Lipoprotein lipase activities, expressed as units/g fresh wt. of tissue, in the depots of animals reared in groups of four were unaltered compared with those reared in groups of sixteen during the post-weaning period (47-300 days of age), and enzyme activities expressed per depot merely reflected differences in tissue weights. (5.) Lipoprotein lipase activities per 10(6) cells were higher in males reared in fours compared with those reared in sixteens of equivalent age, but were unaltered for females. (6.) The persistent hyperinsulinaemia of animals reared in litters of four is discussed in relation to the observed differences in enzyme activity and white-adipose-tissue cellularity.

Tributyltin impacts in metabolic syndrome development through disruption of angiotensin II receptor signaling pathways in white adipose tissue from adult female rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Ceotto Freitas-Lima ◽  
Eduardo Merlo ◽  
Marina Campos Zicker ◽  
Juliana Maria Navia-Pelaez ◽  
Miriane de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor

Early weaning alters the thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue in adult male and female rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 2207-2218 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Peixoto ◽  
C. B. Pietrobon ◽  
I. M. Bertasso ◽  
F. A. H. Caramez ◽  
C. Calvino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Thermogenic Capacity

Sex difference in insulin-stimulated glucose transport in rat and human adipocytes

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (3) ◽  
pp. E211-E215 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Foley ◽  
A. Kashiwagi ◽  
H. Chang ◽  
T. P. Huecksteadt ◽  
S. Lillioja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Transport Rate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Female Subjects

In an effort to determine whether differences in basal and maximum insulin-stimulated glucose transport by isolated adipocytes are a function of donor sex, we measured glucose transport rates in the absence and presence of 8 nM insulin in adipocytes isolated from the abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue of nine male and ten female subjects with varying degrees of obesity and in adipocytes isolated from the abdominal subcutaneous and retroperitoneal fat tissue of (180-220 g) male and female rats. Because maximal insulin-stimulated glucose transport rate per cell of adipocytes isolated from subcutaneous abdominal tissue of male and female subjects was constant in each sex, the data have been normalized on the basis of transport per cell. The results demonstrated that basal and maximal insulin-stimulated glucose transport per cell was 53-75% higher per cell in the females versus males in adipocytes from human subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (P less than 0.01). A similar difference in glucose transport rate between males and females (P less than 0.001) was also found in rat abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. Adipocytes isolated from rat retroperitoneal adipose tissue had higher transport rates (approximately three-fold) and smaller sex differences (35% higher in females) than found in adipocytes from rat and human subcutaneous tissue. These results indicate that basal and maximum insulin-stimulated glucose transport is higher by adipocytes isolated from females and that this difference is independent of adipose cell size and species.

Increased activities of mitochondrial enzymes in white adipose tissue in trained rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (3) ◽  
pp. E410-E414 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Stallknecht ◽  
J. Vinten ◽  
T. Ploug ◽  
H. Galbo
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mitochondrial Enzymes ◽  
Fat Cells ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Respiratory Chain Enzyme

During earlier fat cell studies we noticed that homogenates of white fat cells became more brown with training, a fact that might reflect an increased content of mitochondria. This raised the question whether training (as is the case in muscle) increases the oxidative capacity in fat cells. Groups of 8-12 rats were swim trained for 10 wk or served as either sedentary, sham swim-trained, or cold-stressed controls. White adipose tissue was removed, and the activities of the respiratory chain enzyme cytochrome-c oxidase (CCO) and of the enzyme malate dehydrogenase (MDH), which participates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle as well as in the mitochondrial malate-aspartate and acetyl-group shuttles, were determined. The CCO and MDH activities expressed per milligram protein were increased in male rats 4.4- and 2.8-fold, respectively, in the swim-trained compared with the sham swim-trained rats (P less than 0.05). In female rats the CCO activity expressed per milligram protein was increased 4.5-fold in the trained compared with the sedentary control rats (P less than 0.01). Neither cold stress nor sham swim training increased CCO or MDH activities in white adipose tissue (P greater than 0.05). In conclusion, in rats, intensive endurance training induces an increase in mitochondrial enzyme activities in white adipose tissue as is seen in skeletal muscle.

Neonatal handling alters learning in adult male and female rats in a task-specific manner

2007 ◽  
Vol 1154 ◽  
pp. 144-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese A. Kosten ◽  
Hongjoo J. Lee ◽  
Jeansok J. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Neonatal Handling ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Specific Manner

Sexually dimorphic responses to fat loss after caloric restriction or surgical lipectomy

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (1) ◽  
pp. E316-E326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifei Shi ◽  
April D. Strader ◽  
Stephen C. Woods ◽  
Randy J. Seeley
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fat Loss ◽  
Female Mice

White adipose tissue is the principal site for lipid accumulation. Males and females maintain distinctive white adipose tissue distribution patterns. Specifically, males tend to accumulate relatively more visceral fat, whereas females accumulate relatively more subcutaneous fat. The phenomenon of maintaining typical sex-specific fat distributions suggests sex-specific mechanisms that regulate energy balance and adiposity. We used two distinct approaches to reduce fat mass, caloric restriction (CR), and surgical fat removal (termed lipectomy) and assessed parameters involved in the regulation of energy balance. We found that male and female mice responded differentially to CR- and to lipectomy-induced fat loss. Females decreased energy expenditure during CR or after lipectomy. In contrast, males responded by eating more food during food return after CR or after lipectomy. Female CR mice conserved subcutaneous fat, whereas male CR mice lost adiposity equally in the subcutaneous and visceral depots. In addition, female mice had a reduced capability to restore visceral fat after fat loss. After CR, plasma leptin levels decreased in male but not in female mice. The failure to increase food intake after returning to ad libitum intake in females could be due to the relatively stable levels of leptin. In summary, we have found sexual dimorphisms in the response to fat loss that point to important underlying differences in the strategies by which male and female mice regulate body weight.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document