scholarly journals Food Security in Ghanaian Urban Cities: A Scoping Review of the Literature

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3615
Author(s):  
Robert Akparibo ◽  
Richmond Nii Okai Aryeetey ◽  
Evans Atiah Asamane ◽  
Hibbah Arabah Osei-Kwasi ◽  
Elysa Ioannou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Urban Food Security ◽  
Scoping Literature Review ◽  
Food Safety And Quality

Urbanisation in Ghana could be negatively impacting the state of food security, especially in economically vulnerable groups. Food supply, safety, and quality are all aspects of food security which could be impacted. We conducted a scoping literature review to understand the nature and magnitude of evidence available on the urban food security situation in Ghana. A literature search was conducted in Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Global Health, Scopus, Web of Science, Africa Wide Information and Google Scholar to identify relevant peer-reviewed and grey literature. 45 studies, mainly cross-sectional surveys/food samples analysis, met the inclusion criteria. The majority of studies were concentrated in the Greater Accra Region (n = 24). Most studies focused on food safety and quality (n = 31). Studies on supply and stability were, however, scarce. Qualitative research methods were uncommon in the included studies. The existing literature on food security are concentrated in two regions: The Greater Accra and Ashanti regions. Future studies exploring food security in urban Ghana should focus on exploring the lived experiences and perceptions of food insecurity and food stability by urban-dwellers using qualitative methods. The evidence suggesting that the safety/quality of foods sold in Ghanaian markets is poor should be a concern to consumers and policy makers.

scholarly journals Challenges Faced by Devolved Governance in Quality Service Delivery: A Case Study of Turkana Central Sub-county, Turkana County, Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
James K. Sirite ◽  
Henry Ongori ◽  
Darius Bosire
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Quality Service ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
County Governments ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
To Come

The purpose of this study was to identify the challenges faced in quality service delivery to Turkana Central Sub-county citizens of Turkana County. The study used cross-sectional survey design. The sample size selected for the study was 261.  Data was collected using questionnaires and interview guides. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and presented in tables and figures for ease interpretation. The major findings of the study show that devolved governance faces some challenges. For instance the devolved governance is faced with corruption, lack of transparency and accountability and inadequate funds. This adversely   affects quality service delivery to its citizens. The findings of the study would inspire policy makers at the county and national government level to come up with appropriate strategies to mitigate the challenges identified in order to improve the quality of services offered by the county governments.

scholarly journals Social Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life among Residents in Zhejiang and Qinghai, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxuan Gu ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Shahmir H. Ali ◽  
Minzhuo Huang ◽  
Jingming Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Social determinants are closely related to health and play a significant role in shaping the quality of life of a population. This study aimed to explore the differences in HRQoL (health-related quality of life) scores of residents in the eastern province of Zhejiang and the western province of Qinghai and probe factors affecting the HRQoL among the two populations. A sample of 4210 residents from a cross-sectional survey was included in the analysis. The EQ-5D-3L instrument was used to measure the HRQoL of residents. A Chi-square test and a t-test were used to examine the differences between different variables and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with interaction effects was used to analyze factors associated with the HRQoL between the two provinces. Residents’ EQ-5D index score (EQ VAS score) was 0.963 (82.71) and 0.962 (81.51), respectively, in Zhejiang and Qinghai. Generally, residents in Qinghai displayed significantly worse HRQoL scores than those in Zhejiang. The differences between the two regions lay on mobility, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depressions. In both regions, an increased education level and being employed were most strongly associated with a positive HRQoL; increased age and presence of chronic diseases were most strongly associated with a negative HRQoL. When formulating health policies, the significant health disparities between western and eastern provinces must be given greater consideration. The health of vulnerable groups should be particularly focused on to improve the observed health disparities.

scholarly journals Critically Low Confidence in the Results Produced by Spine Surgery Systematic Reviews: An AMSTAR-2 Evaluation From 4 Spine Journals

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Dettori ◽  
Andrea C. Skelly ◽  
Erika D. Brodt
Keyword(s):  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Surgery Research

Study Design: A systematic cross-sectional survey of systematic reviews (SRs). Objective: To evaluate the methodological quality of spine surgery SRs published in 2018 using the updated AMSTAR 2 critical appraisal instrument. Methods: We identified the PubMed indexed journals devoted to spine surgery research in 2018. All SRs of spine surgical interventions from those journals were critically appraised for quality independently by 2 reviewers using the AMSTAR 2 instrument. We calculated the percentage of SRs achieving a positive response for each AMSTAR 2 domain item and assessed the levels of confidence in the results of each SR. Results: We identified 28 SRs from 4 journals that met our criteria for inclusion. Only 49.5% of the AMSTAR 2 domain items satisfied the AMSTAR 2 criteria. Critical domain items were satisfied less often (39.1%) compared with noncritical domain items (57.3%). Domain items most poorly reported include accounting for individual study risk of bias when interpreting results (14%), list and justification of excluded articles (18%), and an a priori establishment of methods prior to the review or registered protocol (18%). The overall confidence in the results was rated “low” in 2 SRs and “critically low” in 26. Conclusions: The credibility of a SR and its value to clinicians and policy makers are dependent on its methodological quality. This appraisal found significant methodological limitations in several critical domains, such that the confidence in the findings of these reviews is “critically low.”

scholarly journals Elderly Perception of Distance to the Grocery Store as a Reason for Feeling Food Insecurity—Can Food Policy Limit This?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3191
Author(s):  
Robert Gajda ◽  
Marzena Jeżewska-Zychowicz
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Purchase

The sense of food insecurity in a group of elderly people may be determined by the perception of distance to food outlets. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the perception of food insecurity by the elderly and their perception of the distance between the places of residence and food purchase. A cross-sectional quantitative survey was carried out in 2019–2020 amongst 762 Polish elderly living in Świętokrzyskie and Śląskie Voivodeship. The assessment of the relationships between the perceived food insecurity due to living too far away from the grocery shops and socio-demographic features was performed using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), chi-square tests, and Phi and Cramér’s V coefficients. Too great a distance to the place of food purchase was the cause of a lack of a sense of food security in 20.5% of the study sample, especially in men, people aged 75 and more, people living in a rural environment and people living alone. People reporting a lack of food due to the distance to the place of purchase showed socio-demographic characteristics similar to those of people declaring a lack of a sense of food security. Reduced food consumption due to the distance from the place of sale, including of fish (24.8%), some fruits (18.9%) and vegetables (15.4%) and beef (17.3%), may contribute to the deterioration of the diet and, as a result, health conditions. Including access to places of the sale of food in food policy as a factor contributing to ensuring the food security of older people can help to maintain a better quality of life and avoid exclusion. Especially in a situation of limited independence, food insecurity in elders due to causes other than financial limitations should be a focus of food policy.

scholarly journals Associations of the COVID-19 Pandemic With Social Wellbeing Indicators in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireya Vilar-Compte ◽  
Mauricio Hernandez-F ◽  
Pablo Gaitán-Rossi ◽  
Víctor Pérez ◽  
Graciela Teruel
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: Public health measures for COVID-19 containment have implied economic and social life disruptions, which have been particularly deleterious in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) due to high rates of informal employment, overcrowding, and barriers to accessing health services, amongst others social determinants. Mexico, a LMIC, is a country with a high COVID-19 mortality in which there has been a very limited governmental response to help mitigate such COVID-related disruptions. This study analyzes the association of the first wave of the COVID-19 crisis in Mexico with four wellbeing indicators: income, employment, anxiety, and food security. Methods: It uses pooled cross-sectional data (n=5,453) of five monthly nationally representative surveys collected between April and August 2020. Probit models are estimated to assess the association of the pandemic with job loss and anxiety; a multinomial logistic regression is estimated for food security, and an ordinary least squares regression assesses the association between the pandemic and changes in household’s income. Results: Females were significantly associated with worse outcomes for the 4 wellbeing measures with an average reduction of 2.3% in household income compared to pre-COVID-19 levels, an increased probability (6.4 pp) if being in a household that had lost jobs, decreased probability of food security (6.9 pp), and an increased risk of anxiety symptoms (8.5 pp). In addition, those with lower SES and household with children also reported worse outcomes for employment, income and food security. The month variable was also statistically significant in these models suggesting that as more months of the pandemic elapsed the effects persisted. Conclusion: The currents study documents hos the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with different wellbeing indicators in a LMIC. It suggests the urgent need to take actions to support vulnerable groups, particularly women, households with children and those in the lowest SES. If policy actions are not taken, the pandemic will increase social and gender disparities, and will jeopardize childhood development

scholarly journals Hubungan Ketahanan Pangan Keluarga dan Frekuensi Diare dengan Stunting pada Balita di Kampung Surabaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Musyayadah Musyayadah ◽  
Sri Adiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Productivity

Background: Stunting is growth failure in toddlers due to chronic nutrients deficiency and recurrent infections, especially during the first 1000 days of life and can be a bad impact to quality of widely accepted human resources, which further can decreases future national productivity. The incidence of diarrhea and family food security are indicated to be factors cause stunting. Stunting is closely related to food insecurity and the incidence of recurrent diarrhea experienced by toddlers.Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between family food security and the frequency of diarrhea among stunted toddlers in Kampung SurabayaMethods: This research was observational analytic using cross-sectional. Sample consisted of 52 toddlers 6-24 months in the Puskesmas Bulak Banteng Surabaya. Sample selection with simple-random-sampling. Data was collected by interview with questionnaire. Food security was measured by US-HFSSM questionnaire and a questionnaire to the frequency of diarrhea. Data were analyzed using the Spearman statistical test (α=0.05).Results: The results showed that as many as 63.5% of toddlers are stunted, 71.1% of toddlers were in families with food insecure conditions, and 55.8% of toddlers diarrhea with frequency rarely (1-2 times). Results showed a significant relationship between family food security with stunting (p=0.004). Frequency of diarrhea with stunting showed a significant relationship (p=0.01).Conclusions: The proportion of stunting events increase if condition of food insecurity occur continuously, hence, coping strategies in the family were needed to overcome food insecurity. Besides, to overcoming the incidence of diarrhea by held counseling about PHBS.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Stunting merupakan kegagalan pertumbuhan pada balita akibat defisiensi zat gizi kronis dan infeksi berulang terutama pada masa 1000 HPK dan dapat berdampak buruknya kualitas sumber daya manusia yang diterima secara luas, yang selanjutnya menurunkan kemampuan produktif suatu bangsa yang akan datang. Kejadian penyakit infeksi terutama diare dan ketahanan pangan keluarga diindikasikan menjadi faktor yang dapat menyebabkan stunting. Kondisi stunting erat kaitannya dengan rawan pangan dan kejadian diare berulang yang dialami balita.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan ketahanan pangan keluarga dan frekuensi diare dengan stunting pada balita di kampung Surabaya.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 52 balita berusia 6-24 bulan di wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bulak Banteng Surabaya. Pemilihan sampel dengan teknik simple random sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Ketahanan pangan diukur dengan kuesioner US-HFSSM dan kuesioner terkait frekuensi diare. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji statistik Spearman (α=0,05).Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 63,5% balita mengalami stunting, 71,1% balita berada pada keluarga dengan kondisi rawan pangan, dan 55,8% balita mengalami diare dengan kategori frekuensi jarang (1-2 kali). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara ketahanan pangan keluarga dengan stunting (p=0,004). Frekuensi diare dengan stunting juga menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan (p=0,01).Kesimpulan: Proporsi kejadian stunting akan meningkat jika kondisi rawan pangan terjadi terus menerus, sehingga dibutuhkan coping strategi dalam keluarga untuk mengatasi kerawanan pangan. Selain itu untuk mengurangi kejadian diare dengan mengadakan penyuluhan tentang Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS). 

scholarly journals Evaluating equity in healthcare: pilot implementation of a self-assessment tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Chiarenza ◽  
D Domenig ◽  
S Cattacin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
The Self ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Several sets of standards aiming at improving access and quality of care for service users have been published in recent years. Certain standards focused on improving healthcare providers’ responsiveness to specific target groups. The general goal of this research was to improve organisations’ awareness of equity standards that are not focused on specific groups, but on all contributing factors that put vulnerable groups at risk of exclusion. The specific objective was to evaluate the degree of compliance with a set of equity standards in 52 health care organisations from 16 countries. Methods A self-assessment tool (SAT) was developed to allow healthcare organisations to measure their capacity to provide equitable care for service users. The SAT indicates the main areas that should be addressed: equity in policy; equitable access and utilisation; equitable quality of care; equity in participation; promoting equity. A cross-sectional survey addressing participants from pilot-organisations was used for data collection, concerning both the self-reported compliance score with the standards, as well as the additional information provided to support the score assigned. Data were analysed quantitatively as well as qualitatively. Results The findings confirm that healthcare providers do invest in improving equity in the access and delivery of services to vulnerable groups. However, many health organisations have inadequate strategies to address inequities and are insufficiently engaged in improving equity in participation and promoting equity outside the organisation. Conclusions The participating organisations reported a significant impact from use of the self-assessment tool: some received the support from regional/national authorities to continue working on improving equity in healthcare; others linked the equity standards to existing performance-measurement strategies; others invested in new frameworks to improve service users engagement. Key messages The implementation of the SAT contributes to a self-reflective process, involving health professionals and managers, in which gaps and potential improvements are identified. Pilot organisations utilised the SAT as part of a process of increasing their awareness of equity issues and changing their organisational culture.

THE FOOD'S QUALITY ANALYSIS OF CANTEEN IN SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY JAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Witri Ardini ◽  
Siti Nur Aisyah Jauharoh ◽  
Erike A. Suwarsono
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Macronutrient Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Sugar Content ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Packaged Food

Background: Food is an important requi-rement supporting the human activities, including academic activities on campus. The composition and quality of nutrients, both macro, and micronutrients in a diet, plays an important role in ensuring the availability of energy sources for daily activities and long-term health. This study is a preliminary study to evaluate the nutritional value of food provided in the canteen of campus.Method: This research will use a cross-sectional design on food samples sold in the canteen of Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta. The macronutrient composition analysis was calculated using a list of foodstuffscompositions.Results: Most of the packaged food menu do not meet the macronutrient composition in a manner of balanced nutrition. The dominant side dish is chicken, the fat composition is higher than the recommendation due to fried processing. The portion of rice is not standard on various packages, with an average of 1.6 servings of standard rice. The content of vegetables is minimal. A snack menu is predominantly carbohydrate foods with a moderate to high sugar content, with minimal ber content, and processed by frying.Conclusion: The nutritional quality of the food menu in the canteen has largely not yet fulfilled the recommended macronutrient composition.

Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life Among Elderly: Evidence From Chi Linh Town, Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 84S-93S ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thanh Huong ◽  
Le Thi Hai Ha ◽  
Truong Quang Tien
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

As Vietnam confronts with the challenge of an aging population, the importance of quality of life for elderly people becomes apparent. This article aims to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its correlates for the elderly, using a cross-sectional study design. A total of 1599 adults, aged 60 years and older, were drawn from the 2016 baseline survey of Chi Linh Health and Demographic Surveillance System (CHILILAB HDSS), which incorporated the EQ-5D, to measure HRQoL. Data were analyzed using multivariate linear regression analyses. The EQ-5D index of the elderly was found to be 0.871 (95% confidence interval = 0.862-0.880). After controlling for covariates, there were statistically significant associations between lower HRQoL and older age (≥80 years), lower education, no pension, chronic disease(s), and health insurance schemes targeting poor/near poor/priority groups. Current and future policies for improving HRQoL in old age should be extended to cover the most vulnerable groups.

scholarly journals Measuring Health-Related Quality of Life: General Issues

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon H Guyatt
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Over Time

Clinicians and policy makers recognize the importance of measuring health-related quality of life (HRQL) to make informed patient management and policy decisions. Self- or interviewer-administered questionnaires can be used to measure cross-sectional differences in quality of life among patients at a point in time (discriminative instruments) or longitudinal changes in HRQL within patients over time (evaluative instruments). Both discriminative and evaluative instruments must be valid (ie, measure what they are supposed to measure) and have a high ratio of signal to noise (reliability and responsiveness for the two instruments, respectively). Reliable discriminative instruments are able to differentiate reproducibly among persons. Responsive evaluative measures are able to detect important changes in HRQL over time, even if those changes are small. HRQL should also be interpretable B that is, clinicians and policy makers must be able to identify differences in scores that correspond to trivial, small, moderate and large differences.There are two basic approaches to quality of life measurement: generic instruments that attempt to provide a summary of HRQL and specific instruments that focus on problems associated with individual disease states, patient groups or areas of function. Generic instruments include health profiles and instruments that generate health utilities. The approaches are not mutually exclusive. Each approach has its strengths and weaknesses and may be suitable under different circumstances. Investigations of HRQL have led to the development of instruments suitable for detecting minimally important effects in clinical trials, for measuring the health of populations and for providing information for policy decisions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document