scholarly journals Sports Nutrition: Diets, Selection Factors, Recommendations

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3771
Author(s):  
Kristina A. Malsagova ◽  
Arthur T. Kopylov ◽  
Alexandra А. Sinitsyna ◽  
Alexander A. Stepanov ◽  
Alexander A. Izotov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Food Intolerance ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Training Outcomes ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Selection Factors ◽  
Nutritional Strategies

An athlete’s diet is influenced by external and internal factors that can reduce or exacerbate exercise-induced food intolerance/allergy symptoms. This review highlights many factors that influence food choices. However, it is important to remember that these food choices are dynamic, and their effectiveness varies with the time, location, and environmental factors in which the athlete chooses the food. Therefore, before training and competition, athletes should follow the recommendations of physicians and nutritionists. It is important to study and understand the nutritional strategies and trends that athletes use before and during training or competitions. This will identify future clinical trials that can be conducted to identify specific foods that athletes can consume to minimize negative symptoms associated with their consumption and optimize training outcomes.

A transdiagnostic study of education, employment, and training outcomes in young people with mental illness

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 2061-2070 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. C. Lee ◽  
D. F. Hermens ◽  
J. Scott ◽  
B. O'Dea ◽  
N. Glozier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Training Outcomes ◽  
People With Mental Illness

BackgroundOptimizing functional recovery in young individuals with severe mental illness constitutes a major healthcare priority. The current study sought to quantify the cognitive and clinical factors underpinning academic and vocational engagement in a transdiagnostic and prospective youth mental health cohort. The primary outcome measure was ‘not in education, employment or training’ (‘NEET’) status.MethodA clinical sample of psychiatric out-patients aged 15–25 years (n = 163) was assessed at two time points, on average, 24 months apart. Functional status, and clinical and neuropsychological data were collected. Bayesian structural equation modelling was used to confirm the factor structure of predictors and cross-lagged effects at follow-up.ResultsIndividually, NEET status, cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms at baseline were predictive of NEET status at follow-up (p < 0.05). Baseline cognitive functioning was the only predictor of follow-up NEET status in the multivariate Bayesian model, while controlling for baseline NEET status. For every 1 s.d. deficit in cognition, the probability of being disengaged at follow-up increased by 40% (95% credible interval 19–58%). Baseline NEET status predicted poorer negative symptoms at follow-up (β = 0.24, 95% credible interval 0.04–0.43).ConclusionsDisengagement with education, employment or training (i.e. being NEET) was reported in about one in four members of this cohort. The initial level of cognitive functioning was the strongest determinant of future NEET status, whereas being academically or vocationally engaged had an impact on future negative symptomatology. If replicated, these findings support the need to develop early interventions that target cognitive phenotypes transdiagnostically.

Factors Affecting Healthful Eating Among Touring Popular Musicians and Singers

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Cizek ◽  
Patrick Kelly ◽  
Kathleen Kress ◽  
Mildred Mattfeldt-Beman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Musical Background ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Healthful Food

Maintaining good health is essential for touring musicians and singers. The stressful demands of touring may impact food choices, leading to detrimental effects on health and performance. This exploratory pilot study aimed to assess factors affecting healthful eating of touring musicians and singers. A 46-item survey was used to assess food- and nutrition-related attitudes, knowledge and behaviors, and environmental factors, as well as lifestyle, musical background, and demographic data. Participants (n=35) were recruited from a musicians’ assistance foundation as well as touring musical theater productions and a music festival. Results indicate that touring musicians and singers had positive attitudes regarding healthful foods. Of 35 respondents, 80.0% indicated eating healthful food was important to them. Respondents reported feeling confident selecting (76.5%) and preparing (82.4%) healthful foods; however, they showed uncertainty when determining if carbohydrate-containing foods should be consumed or avoided. Respondents indicated environmental factors including availability and cost of healthy food options and tour schedules limited access to healthful foods. Venues (73.5%), fast food restaurants (67.6%), and airports (64.7%) were the most frequently identified locations in need of offering more healthful food choices. Respondents (52.9%) indicated more support from others while touring would help them make healthier food choices. More research is needed to develop mobile wellness programs as well as performance-based nutrition guidelines for musicians and singers that address the unique demands associated with touring.

scholarly journals Sex-Gender Variable: Methodological Recommendations for Increasing Scientific Value of Clinical Studies

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Franconi ◽  
Ilaria Campesi ◽  
Delia Colombo ◽  
Paola Antonini
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
Racial Ethnic

There is a clear sex–gender gap in the prevention and occurrence of diseases, and in the outcomes and treatments, which is relevant to women in the majority of cases. Attitudes concerning the enrollment of women in randomized clinical trials have changed over recent years. Despite this change, a gap still exists. This gap is linked to biological factors (sex) and psycho-social, cultural, and environmental factors (gender). These multidimensional, entangled, and interactive factors may influence the pharmacological response. Despite the fact that regulatory authorities recognize the importance of sex and gender, there is a paucity of research focusing on the racial/ethnic, socio-economic, psycho-social, and environmental factors that perpetuate disparities. Research and clinical practice must incorporate all of these factors to arrive at an intersectional and system-scenario perspective. We advocate for scientifically rigorous evaluations of the interplay between sex and gender as key factors in performing clinical trials, which are more adherent to real-life. This review proposes a set of 12 rules to improve clinical research for integrating sex–gender into clinical trials.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplements: Which Place between Food and Drugs?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Catherine Féart
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Aging Societies ◽  
The Life Course

Healthy dietary habits and food choices, a part of lifestyle, are recognized as major environmental factors for the prevention of non-communicable chronic diseases over the life course; their modifiable features promise a reduced socio-economic global burden load in aging societies [...]

scholarly journals "You can save time if…"—A qualitative study on internal factors slowing down clinical trials in Sub-Saharan Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. e0173796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerina Vischer ◽  
Constanze Pfeiffer ◽  
Manuela Limacher ◽  
Christian Burri
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Utilization of Home Gardens as a Community Empowerment-Based Edible Landscape to Combat Stunting

2021 ◽  
Vol 940 (1) ◽  
pp. 012093
Author(s):  
F B Saroinsong ◽  
Y Ismail ◽  
E Gravitiani ◽  
K Sumantra
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Edible Landscape ◽  
Time And Energy

Abstract Home gardens as a community empowerment-based edible landscape can be used as a strategy for sustainable and resilient urban development. The objective of this research is to identify (a) benefits and challenges of home gardens as community empowerment-based edible landscape, and (b) the socio-cultural, economic, and environmental factors in the utilization of home gardens in Tomohon, Denpasar and Solo. The researchers conduct literature reviews and observation for one month. The benefits of a home garden are a source of various food and traditional medicine, a place of worship, supporting conservation, ameliorating the microclimate, improve health, education, recreational and aesthetic functions, strengthen social status, increase income and ties. The challenges are to overcome constraints such as (a) lack of knowledge, skill, advisory services, (b) limited access to farming inputs, and so on; and to take advantage of opportunities such as easy access, easy control of composition, products quality and quantity, and so on. Some strategies are proposed. Socio-cultural, economic and environmental factors that influence the home garden are grouped as internal factors (i.e. size, owner’s economic condition, perception, knowledge, skill, hobby, preference and consumption pattern, allocated time and energy) and external factors (i.e. regulation, culture and agreement, and environmental conditions).

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