scholarly journals Dietary Sodium Intake Is Positively Associated with Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption in Chinese Children and Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3949
Author(s):  
Zhenni Zhu ◽  
Xueying Cui ◽  
Xiaohui Wei ◽  
Jiajie Zang ◽  
Jingyuan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Dietary Record ◽  
Chinese Children And Adolescents

Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption among children and adolescents is steadily increasing in China, while the main taste of Chinese food is salty. The present study aimed to determine the relationships between SSB and total fluid consumption and dietary sodium and salt intake among children and adolescents in China. The data were obtained from a cross-sectional investigation in 2015. A total of 3958 participants were included. A 24-h dietary record for three consecutive days was collected to determine the SSB intake and food consumption across school days and rest days. After adjusting for age, sex, yearly household income, maternal education, intentional physical exercise, and instances of eating out in the last week, the dietary sodium intake was positively associated with the SSB consumption (p < 0.05), but salt was not. After stratifying by sex, grades, and puberty status, the associations between dietary sodium intake and SSB consumption were significant in girls, in grades 1–5 and before puberty (p < 0.05). Dietary sodium intake was positively associated with SSB consumption in Chinese children and adolescents, particularly in young children. A reduction of the sodium intake might help reduce SSB consumption among children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Relationship of Sodium Intake with Overweight/Obesity among Chinese Children and Adolescents: Data from the CNNHS 2010–2012

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4551
Author(s):  
Kehong Fang ◽  
Yuna He ◽  
Yuehui Fang ◽  
Yiyao Lian
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Weighing Method ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chinese Children And Adolescents

This study aims to examine association between sodium intake and overweight/obesity among Chinese children and adolescents. Data were obtained from China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance (CNNHS), 2010–2012. All participants recruited in this study aged 7–18 years old and provided complete dietary data on three-day consecutive 24 h dietary recalls combining with the household weighing method. Body Mass Index (BMI) was used to define overweight/obesity, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was used to define abdominal obesity. Sodium intake showed association with risk of overweight/obesity assessed by BMI in the highest tertile group with OR of 1.48 (95%CI 1.13–1.94) and 1.89 (95%CI 1.33–2.67) for WHtR. After adjusted for gender, age, household income, area, energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat, saturated fatty acids, and fiber intake, the relationship between sodium intake and overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity are not changed. The same results were founded in subjects aged 10–18 years old. Our results reveal a positive association between sodium intake and overweight/obesity in Chinese children and adolescents, independent of energy consumption.

Hypertension and nutrition in the young: early intervention?

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 849-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Weidman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Family History ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Primary Hypertension ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
History Of

The few studies, carried out on infants, children, and adolescents, relating blood pressure to sodium intake have shown a weak positive correlation in some but not all individuals. The effect of body size on blood pressure confounds the interpretation of the effect of dietary sodium on blood pressure. There appear to be sodium-sensitive and sodium-unsensitive infants, children, and adolescents and is probably genetically transmitted. Most infants, children, and adolescents in industrialized populations have a salt intake far greater than required, and reduction in dietary sodium is safe and may be beneficial to those individuals with a family history of primary hypertension.

scholarly journals Sources of Dietary Sodium in Food and Beverages Consumed by Spanish Schoolchildren between 7 and 11 Years Old by the Degree of Processing and the Nutritional Profile

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Cuadrado-Soto ◽  
África Peral-Suarez ◽  
Aránzazu Aparicio ◽  
Jose Perea ◽  
Rosa Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Food And Beverages ◽  
Dietary Record ◽  
Level Of Processing

Excessive salt intake has negative effects on health and persists as a dietary problem in Spanish children. However, the analysis of dietary sodium sources has not been extensively studied. A group of 321 children between 7 and 11 years old from five Spanish regional communities was studied. A three-day dietary record was used to determine the contribution of food and beverages to dietary sodium intake. The food consumed was classified based on the level of processing (NOVA classification) and the nutritional profile. Boys consumed more dietary sodium and sodium from ultra-processed food (UPF) than girls (p < 0.05). The main sources of dietary sodium from discretionary food were meat and meat products (25.1%), some ready-to-eat and pre-cooked dishes (7.4%) and sugars and sweets (6.3%). More than 4/5 of the total dietary sodium consumed came from processed foods (PF) and UPF. Ready-to-eat and pre-cooked dishes (14.4%), meat and meat products (10.6%), and cereals (10.2%) were the most relevant UPF. These results demonstrate that a key point for Spanish children is a reduction in the sodium content in PF and UPF, whether these foods are for basic or discretionary consumption. Furthermore, a decrease in the frequency and the quantity of discretionary food consumption should be encouraged.

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