scholarly journals Impact of Obesity in Kidney Diseases

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4482
Author(s):  
Vasilios Kotsis ◽  
Fernando Martinez ◽  
Christina Trakatelli ◽  
Josep Redon
Keyword(s):  
Renal Damage ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Urinary Albumin Excretion ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
The Impact

The clinical consequences of obesity on the kidneys, with or without metabolic abnormalities, involve both renal function and structures. The mechanisms linking obesity and renal damage are well understood, including several effector mechanisms with interconnected pathways. Higher prevalence of urinary albumin excretion, sub-nephrotic syndrome, nephrolithiasis, increased risk of developing CKD, and progression to ESKD have been identified as being associated with obesity and having a relevant clinical impact. Moreover, renal replacement therapy and kidney transplantation are also influenced by obesity. Losing weight is key in limiting the impact that obesity produces on the kidneys by reducing albuminuria/proteinuria, declining rate of eGFR deterioration, delaying the development of CKD and ESKD, and improving the outcome of a renal transplant. Weight reduction may also contribute to appropriate control of cardiometabolic risk factors such as hypertension, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and dyslipidemia which may be protective not only in renal damage but also cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle changes, some drugs, and bariatric surgery have demonstrated the benefits.

scholarly journals Riding the Crest of the Teachable Moment: Promoting Long-Term Health After the Diagnosis of Cancer

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (24) ◽  
pp. 5814-5830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Demark-Wahnefried ◽  
Noreen M. Aziz ◽  
Julia H. Rowland ◽  
Bernardine M. Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Prostate Cancer Survivors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Cancer survivors are at increased risk for several comorbid conditions, and many seek lifestyle change to reduce dysfunction and improve long-term health. To better understand the impact of cancer on adult survivors' health and health behaviors, a review was conducted to determine (1) prevalent physical health conditions, (2) persistent lifestyle changes, and (3) outcomes of previous lifestyle interventions aimed at improving health within this population. Methods Relevant studies from 1966 and beyond were identified through MEDLINE and PubMed searches. Results Cancer survivors are at increased risk for progressive disease but also for second primaries, osteoporosis, obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and functional decline. To improve overall health, survivors frequently initiate diet, exercise, and other lifestyle changes after diagnosis. However, those who are male, older, and less educated are less likely to adopt these changes. There also is selective uptake of messages, as evidenced by findings that only 25% to 42% of survivors consume adequate amounts of fruits and vegetables, and approximately 70% of breast and prostate cancer survivors are overweight or obese. Several behavioral interventions show promise for improving survivors' health-related outcomes. Oncologists can play a pivotal role in health promotion, yet only 20% provide such guidance. Conclusion With 64% of cancer patients surviving > 5 years beyond diagnosis, oncologists are challenged to expand their focus from acute care to managing the long-term health consequences of cancer. Although more research is needed, opportunities exist for oncologists to promote lifestyle changes that may improve the length and quality of life of their patients.

Association of serum pentraxin 3 concentrations with diabetic nephropathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1124-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Wang ◽  
Jietao Zhang ◽  
Wenchao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Urinary Albumin Excretion ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Pentraxin 3 ◽  
Elisa Kit ◽  
Simple Regression Analysis ◽  
Simple Regression

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a member of a superfamily of conserved proteins, attenuates renal damage in diabetic mice. This study aims to determine whether serum PTX3 concentrations are correlated with the presence of diabetic nephropathy (DN). A total of 160 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 54 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Patients with T2DM were divided into three groups in accordance with the levels of urinary albumin excretion (UAE). Serum PTX3 concentrations were determined using an ELISA kit. Serum PTX3 concentrations were significantly higher in patients with T2DM compared with the controls. Patients with T2DM with macroalbuminuria showed higher serum PTX3 concentrations compared with the other three groups. However, there were no significant differences of serum PTX3 concentrations between patients with T2DM with normoalbuminuria and microalbuminuria. Furthermore, a simple regression analysis has shown that serum PTX3 concentrations in patients with T2DM were negatively correlated with body mass index, and positively correlated with blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and UAE. Serum PTX3 concentrations are correlated with DN.

scholarly journals The impact of hormonal contraceptives on blood pressure, urinary albumin excretion and glomerular filtration rate

2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarir Atthobari ◽  
Ron T. Gansevoort ◽  
Sipke T. Visser ◽  
Paul E. de Jong ◽  
Lolkje T. W. de Jong-van den Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Urinary Albumin Excretion ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Albumin Excretion ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Urinary Albumin Excretion Patterns of Patients with Cast Nephropathy and Other Monoclonal Gammopathy–Related Kidney Diseases

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1964-1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Leung ◽  
Morie Gertz ◽  
Robert A. Kyle ◽  
Fernando C. Fervenza ◽  
Maria V. Irazabal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽  
Urinary Albumin Excretion ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Albumin Excretion ◽  
Cast Nephropathy

Altered HDL metabolism in metabolic disorders: insights into the therapeutic potential of HDL

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (21) ◽  
pp. 2221-2235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Hui ◽  
Philip J. Barter ◽  
Kwok-Leung Ong ◽  
Kerry-Anne Rye
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Stable Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Hdl Function ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Metabolic disorders are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and are commonly characterized by a low plasma level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Although cholesterol lowering medications reduce CVD risk in these patients, they often remain at increased risk of CVD. Therapeutic strategies that raise HDL-C levels and improve HDL function are a potential treatment option for reducing residual CVD risk in these individuals. Over the past decade, understanding of the metabolism and cardioprotective functions of HDLs has improved, with preclinical and clinical studies both indicating that the ability of HDLs to mediate reverse cholesterol transport, inhibit inflammation and reduce oxidation is impaired in metabolic disorders. These cardioprotective effects of HDLs are supported by the outcomes of epidemiological, cell and animal studies, but have not been confirmed in several recent clinical outcome trials of HDL-raising agents. Recent studies suggest that HDL function may be clinically more important than plasma levels of HDL-C. However, at least some of the cardioprotective functions of HDLs are lost in acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease patients. HDL dysfunction is also associated with metabolic abnormalities. This review is concerned with the impact of metabolic abnormalities, including dyslipidemia, obesity and Type 2 diabetes, on the metabolism and cardioprotective functions of HDLs.

Clinical Consequences of Specimen Rejection: A College of American Pathologists Q-Probes Analysis of 78 Clinical Laboratories

2014 ◽  
Vol 138 (8) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald S. Karcher ◽  
Christopher M. Lehman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Significant Delay ◽  
Clinical Laboratories ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Specimen Test ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Urine Specimens

Context.—Clinical laboratory specimens may be rejected as unsuitable for analysis for a variety of reasons and specimen rejection may have significant clinical consequences. Objective.—To quantify the clinical consequences of specimen rejection and determine the impact of laboratories' policies and practices on these consequences. Design.—Participants prospectively reviewed consecutive blood and urine specimens submitted to the chemistry and/or hematology laboratories to identify rejected specimens. For each rejected specimen, the patient's age, specimen type, testing priority, rejection reason, time from specimen receipt to receipt of recollected/relabeled specimen, recollection method, and test result time were recorded. Specimen/test abandonment was determined by failure to recollect or relabel a rejected specimen. Each laboratory's policy regarding relabeling of incorrectly labeled specimens was recorded, along with how many relabeled specimens were subsequently discovered to be mislabeled. Results.—Specimen rejection led to a (1) high rate of specimen recollection, (2) delay in result availability (median of 65 minutes), and (3) high rate of specimen/test abandonment. Longer test result delay was associated with higher hospital bed size; and higher test abandonment rate, with failure of the laboratory to request specimen recollection. Relabeling of incorrectly labeled specimens was found to be of little benefit and was associated with a substantial percentage of subsequently mislabeled specimens. Conclusion.—Specimen rejection has significant clinical consequences, including patient discomfort, significant delay in result availability, and high rate of specimen/test abandonment. Allowing routine relabeling of incorrectly labeled specimens is a dangerous practice, with little measureable benefit and with an increased risk to patient safety.

scholarly journals The impact of antihypertensive drug groups on urinary albumin excretion in a non-diabetic population

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taco B. M. Monster ◽  
Wilbert M. T. Janssen ◽  
Paul E. De Jong ◽  
Lolkje T. W. De Jong-van den Berg ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Drug ◽  
Urinary Albumin Excretion ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Albumin Excretion ◽  
Diabetic Population ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The impact of hyperglycemia on urinary albumin excretion in recent onset diabetes mellitus type II

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Nikolaidou ◽  
Eugenia Gkaliagkousi ◽  
Panagiota Anyfanti ◽  
Eleni Gavriilaki ◽  
Antonios Lazaridis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Urinary Albumin Excretion ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Albumin Excretion ◽  
Onset Diabetes ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Time-Restricted Eating and Metabolic Syndrome: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Świątkiewicz ◽  
Alina Woźniak ◽  
Pam R. Taub
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Increased Risk

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) occurs in ~30% of adults and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. MetS reflects the clustering of individual cardiometabolic risk factors including central obesity, elevated fasting plasma glucose, dyslipidemia, and elevated blood pressure. Erratic eating patterns such as eating over a prolonged period per day and irregular meal timing are common in patients with MetS. Misalignment between daily rhythms of food intake and circadian timing system can contribute to circadian rhythm disruption which results in abnormal metabolic regulation and adversely impacts cardiometabolic health. Novel approaches which aim at restoring robust circadian rhythms through modification of timing and duration of daily eating represent a promising strategy for patients with MetS. Restricting eating period during a day (time-restricted eating, TRE) can aid in mitigating circadian disruption and improving cardiometabolic outcomes. Previous pilot TRE study of patients with MetS showed the feasibility of TRE and improvements in body weight and fat, abdominal obesity, atherogenic lipids, and blood pressure, which were observed despite no overt attempt to change diet quantity and quality or physical activity. The present article aims at giving an overview of TRE human studies of individuals with MetS or its components, summarizing current clinical evidence for improving cardiometabolic health through TRE intervention in these populations, and presenting future perspectives for an implementation of TRE to treat and prevent MetS. Previous TRE trials laid the groundwork and indicate a need for further clinical research including large-scale controlled trials to determine TRE efficacy for reducing long-term cardiometabolic risk, providing tools for sustained lifestyle changes and, ultimately, improving overall health in individuals with MetS.

scholarly journals Xanthine oxidase inhibitors in asymptomatic hyperuricemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Zhelyabina ◽  
M. S. Eliseev
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AHU) is a condition, in which the serum concentration of uric acid (UA) is increased (>420 μmol/l in men or >360 μmol/l in women) and there are no signs of the formation of urate crystals. The worldwide prevalence rate of AHU has been on the increase in recent decades: it has been detected in approximately every five inhabitants of the Earth. In 10% of adults, hyperuricemia (HU) occurs at least once in a lifetime. In the process of evolution, HU has been useful; it has contributed to the intellectual development of man, owing to the activation of neurostimulating adenosine receptors, and to his survival under cold and hunger conditions. However, the negative role of UA in the genesis of different metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and kidney diseases has been discussed in recent decades. The association of elevated UA levels with almost all CVD risk factors makes it difficult to answer the question of whether UA plays a causative role in the development of heart disease, kidney disease, or carbohydrate metabolism disorders, or it is only a marker for their increased risk.Whether HU that is uncomplicated by joint damage, urolithiasis, or urate nephropathy should be treated is another question that is currently being actively discussed. Although the routine prophylactic urate-lowering therapy is not indicated in the vast majority of cases of AHU, there is growing evidence that this correction is necessary in some groups of patients. The use of xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors in a number of trials was accompanied by a reduction in the risk of CVD and by an improvement in renal function. Epidemiological studies have also established that there is a significant positive correlation of the serum concentration of UA with obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular diseases. Further investigations are needed to study the impact of lowering UA levels and that of therapy with XO inhibitors on the progression of different diseases.

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