scholarly journals The Australian Feeding Infants and Toddler Study (OzFITS 2021): Breastfeeding and Early Feeding Practices

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Merryn J. Netting ◽  
Najma A. Moumin ◽  
Emma J. Knight ◽  
Rebecca K. Golley ◽  
Maria Makrides ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
One Year ◽  
Breastmilk Substitute

The Australian Feeding Infants and Toddler Study 2021 (OzFITS 2021) is a nationwide survey of Australian caregivers’ infant and toddler feeding practices. Here, we describe breastfeeding rates and duration, use of breastmilk substitutes, and introduction of complementary (solid) foods, including common food allergens. Caregivers (n = 1140) were recruited by a digital marketing company and were interviewed using a structured telephone questionnaire to obtain information. Breastfeeding was initiated in 98% of infants, but the duration of exclusive breastfeeding to six months was less than 1%. Nearly 40% of children continued to receive breastmilk beyond one year, with 10% of toddlers receiving breastmilk at two years. One-quarter of infants were introduced to solid foods between 4 to 5 months, and nearly all infants had received solid foods by 7 months. New guidelines encourage the early introduction of potential food allergens to reduce the risk of allergy, and by 12 months, over 90% of children had been given eggs and peanuts. One-third of children received no breastmilk substitutes during their first year. One-third of infants first received breastmilk substitutes following birth and before discharge from the hospital. Of these infants, 30% ceased breastmilk substitute use after discharge. Our findings suggest a high rate of continued breastfeeding with 44% receiving breastmilk beyond 1 year. One approach to increase the duration of exclusive breastfeeding is to reduce breastmilk substitute use while in hospital.

scholarly journals Feeding Practices and Growth in a Healthy Population of Cuban Infants

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Manuel Amador ◽  
Mirta P. Hermelo ◽  
Mario Valdes ◽  
Marcos Ruiz ◽  
Rafael Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
One Year ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Breast Fed

The feeding practices for a selected sample of 100 infants and the infants’ growth were followed from hospital discharge until one year of age. Normal, full-term newborn infants weighing more than 2,500 g whose mothers were 20–30 years old, literate, and married and had received regular prenatal care were selected for the study. The mode of feeding and the infant's weight, length, and body muss index were recorded every 15 days up to 360 days of age. A low prevalence of breast-feeding and early weaning, with early introduction of solid foods, were found. Infants who were bottle-fed from birth were heavier at 90 and 360 days but did not differ in length from those who were breast-fed. This difference was probably due to a higher energy intake in the infants who were never breast-fed.

scholarly journals Complementary feeding practices in Wakiso District of Uganda

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (64) ◽  
pp. 9085-9103
Author(s):  
EL Ssemukasa ◽  
◽  
J Kearney ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
First Year ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Solid Foods

The first 2 years of life provide a critical window of opportunity for ensuring children’s appropriate growth and development through optimal feeding. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of weaning practices in Wakiso district. Wakiso is a district in central Uganda that encircles Kampala, Uganda's capital city. The district is named after the town of Wakiso, where the district headquarters are located. A descriptive survey to evaluate infant weaning practices was conducted at Nsanji Health Centre III, Wakiso district from July through October 2011. Mothers with no established HIV/AIDS positive status aged 15 years and above, with last born-child aged 1-23 months, willing to provide data on the infant´s feeding practices and regular attendants for infant vaccination schedules on Tuesday at the same facility were targeted. The motherinfant pairs were systematically selected for participation in the study based on the number of mothers together with their infants present every Tuesday morning of each week, for vaccinations at the health centre since the health centre had no database for the breastfeeding mothers. A structured questionnaire focusing on breastfeeding practices, complementary feeding practices, mineral supplementation and fluids administration, child’s state of wellbeing in first year of life, mothers’ age and parity was administered. A total of 204 mother-infant pairs were analysed. Overall, 94% of 204 infants who participated in the study had not been exclusively breastfed for 6 months. Only one of the 124 infants between 0- 6 months of age and 5.9% of the 80 infants over 6 months of age were still exclusively breastfeeding at the time of the survey. Complementary foods were introduced earlier than recommended with 22% of the mothers introducing solid foods before 1 month, 14% at 1-3 months and 6% at 4-6 months. Family members (p = 0.001) were a significant source of information on when to start feeding infants solid foods. In conclusion, the low exclusive breastfeeding rates, the early introduction of complementary foods and cow milk and the late introduction of red meat into the infant diets may well be responsible for the high level of infant infections recorded in the first year of infancy. Therefore, a nutritional education intervention, promoting exclusive breastfeeding, highlighting the health and food safety risks associated with the early introduction of cow milk into the infant diets could help reduce the high levels of infant infections and mortality in Uganda.

scholarly journals Study of Factors Affecting Exclusive Breastfeeding and Early Introduction of Complementary Food to Infants in the Aqaba Region of Jordan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 862-875
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Rajab Dabbour
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Abdominal Colic ◽  
Primary Health Care Centers ◽  
Pacifier Use

Initiation of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) at birth, followed by introduction of complementary food (CF) at six months of age, is necessary for the lifelong health of the child. In Jordan, EBF rates are not optimal. To our knowledge, there have been no studies to date on breastfeeding practices in the Aqaba region. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors affecting EBF and early introduction of CF in this region. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 448 Jordanian mothers who were recruited from three primary health care centers in Aqaba. They were interviewed and asked to complete a questionnaire concerning the following variables: socio-demographic information, reproductive health of the mother and infant and postpartum conditions and events. Of the 488 mothers recruited, we found that the number who breastfed exclusively for <6 months or =6months were 230 (51.4%) and 89(19.8%), respectively. Furthermore, introduction of CF at <6 months old occurred in 203(45.3%) infants. The effects of childbirth weight ≤2.5kg, maternal smoking, and pacifier use on the likelihood of EBF for less than 6 months were odds ratio [OR] = 1.07; P<0.022, OR=0.09; P<0.004, and OR=0.35; P<0.001, respectively. With respect to CF, early initiation of CF was associated with childbirth weight (P=0.025), type of delivery (P=0.014), and pacifier use (P=0.001).Thus, initiation of CF before 6 months of age was associated with health problems in infants (P=0.030) including allergy, diarrhea, and abdominal colic. Jordanian mothers in Aqaba had a low rate of EBF for ═6 months and a high rate of early introduction of CF to their infants, both of which contravene health recommendations of global organizations.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding Duration and Related Factors among Mothers in Southeast Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 305-312
Author(s):  
Uchenna Ekwochi ◽  
Ebelechuku Francesca Ugochukwu ◽  
Chinyere Ukamaka Onubogu
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
One Year ◽  
Nutritional Benefits ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

Background: Breastfeeding is beneficial to mothers, infants and society at large. The nutritional and non-nutritional benefits are gained when practiced in line with recommended durations. Objective: The duration of breastfeeding and related factors among mothers of southeastern Nigeria were explored. Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data analysis employed SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 1,833 women were surveyed. Most (93.3%) were aged 20-40 years and had at least secondary education (94,6%). More than half (64.3%) were working class. Many had 1-4 children (91.5%) and a family size of ≤6 (74.2%). Up to 83.3% of the mothers breastfed for ≥12 months. Common reasons advanced for cessation of breastfeeding were pregnancy (29.8%), baby refusing to suckle (10.2%) or old enough to stop breastfeeding (18.0%). No reason for cessation was given for 22.4%. Mothers <20 years practiced non-exclusive breastfeeding or early introduction of complementary feeds, bottle-fed and were significantly least likely to breastfeed for up to one year. Conclusion: A suboptimal number of Nigerian mothers breastfed for ≥12 months. Unscientific reasons were proffered for cessation of breastfeeding. Younger mothers practiced non-exclusive breastfeeding, bottle-fed and gave early complementary feeds, negatively affecting duration of breastfeeding. Sustained individualized health education is advocated to improve duration of breastfeeding and avail young children of its wholesome nutritional benefits. Key words: Breastfeeding Cessation, Breastfeeding Duration, Lactation Cessation Determinants, Weaning Timing, Nutrition.

scholarly journals Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices among Mothers in Lahore, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Faisal Farooq ◽  
Mohsin Raza ◽  
Zoofishan Imran ◽  
Fatima Zulfiqar ◽  
Fareeha Gul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Feeding Practices ◽  
Free Healthcare

Background: Inadequate child feeding practices lead to malnutrition, higher under-five mortality rates and adverse effects on quality of life. This study aimed to assess the breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices of mothers as well as the influence of various sociodemographic factors on them in local families of Lahore. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study. It was conducted in CMH (Combined Military Hospital), Lahore in 2018. It comprises a sample of 203 mothers with children of at least two years of age, from various urban areas of Lahore. The subjects were selected on the basis of the inclusion criteria. Mothers with psychiatric illnesses and children with congenital anomalies were excluded from the study. Mothers were approached in the paediatric outpatient departments of four tertiary care hospitals of Lahore. Responses were recorded using a modified version of the Action Contre La Faim (ACF) questionnaire. Independent sample t-test and chi-square test were applied for analysis of the data. Results: Early initiation of breastfeeding within one hour from birth was observed in 83.3% children. Most children were administered colostrum (69.5%). The rate of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months was 45.3%.  A child was being breastfed 8.21 ± 6.67 (mean ± SD) times a day. Maternal educational status, total number of adults in a household, and access to free healthcare were identified as important factors influencing the practice of breastfeeding. Porridge, khichdi, eggs, fruit and yoghurt were the most frequently used complementary foods. Conclusions: A high rate of an early start of breastfeeding and a low rate of exclusive breastfeeding for at least six months were predominant in our population. Administration of colostrum was observed in approximately two-thirds of the study participants. Education of the mother, type of the family system (nuclear or combined), and access to free healthcare strongly influence the breastfeeding practices.

scholarly journals FRI0449 MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME OF SEPTIC ARTHRITIS OF NATIVE JOINT: A NATIONWIDE SURVEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 821.3-822
Author(s):  
P. Richebé ◽  
S. Godot ◽  
G. Coiffier ◽  
P. Guggenbuhl ◽  
D. Mulleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Intravenous Route ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Multicentric Study ◽  
Frequent Site ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
New Guidelines

Background:Objectives:To describe current management and outcome of septic arthritis on native joint in French rheumatology departments.Methods:Retrospective, nation-wide multicentric study. 127 French rheumatology departments were contacted to report 10 successive cases of septic arthritis on native joint that occurred between the 01/01/16 to 31/12/17 (excluding mycobacteria). Characteristics, diagnosis procedure, therapeutic management and outcome were recorded.Results:52 centers included 363 patients (mean age 64± 18.7 years, mean Charlson comorbidity index 4±3). 28.3% patients had a preexisting arthropathy on affected joint. Monoarthritis was observed in 89.6% patients, knee was the most frequent site (38.9%). The most frequent pathogens wereStaphylococcus sp(50.7%) andStreptococcus sp.(23.3%). Bacteremia was found in 156 (45.1%) patients and endocarditis in only 12 (3.0%). Management was heterogeneous. All patients received antibiotics for a mean duration of 46.7±22 days (including intravenous route: 17.3±15.4 d). An initial monotherapy was administered in 42.3% of patients. Surgical procedure (mostly lavage 70.6%) was performed in 171 (48.3%), joint immobilization in 128 (35.3%) (median duration of 21.7±14.1 days). 94 (29.2%) patients have had serious complications including 29 (9.5%) death. Factors associated with death are reported in the table.Conclusion:This study shows that management of septic arthritis is very heterogenous with a still high rate of morbidity and mortality. We identified age, comorbidities, bacteremia and recent antibiotherapy were associated with mortality. Of note, duration of antibiotics was not. Thus, new guidelines are needed in order to facilitate septic arthritis management.Table:FactorsSurvivor(N=276)Dead(N=29)Univariate analysispAdjusted Odds ratio (95%IC)Multivariate analysispAge65 (16-97)82 (32-98)<0,0011,07 (1,03-1,12)< 0.001Charlson’s index1 (0-12)2 (0-9)0,00011,3 (1,05-1,63)0,018Delay before antibiotic initiation8,5 (0-310)5 (0-75)0,04840,99 (0,96-1,02)0,562Corticosteroid in the previous 3 months13,9%33,3%0,01842,56 (0,75-8,74)0,133Bacteriemia42,4%71,4%0,00615,07 (1,4-18,370,013Antibiotics in the previous 3 months26,6%56,6%0,00566,7 (2,04-22,01)0,002Disclosure of Interests:Pauline Richebé: None declared, Sophie Godot: None declared, Guillaume Coiffier: None declared, Pascal GUGGENBUHL: None declared, Denis Mulleman: None declared, Marion Couderc: None declared, Emmanuelle Dernis Speakers bureau: Lilly, Novartis, Valentine Deprez: None declared, Carine Salliot: None declared, Saik Urien: None declared, Rachel Brault: None declared, Adeline Ruyssen-Witrand Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Pfizer, Consultant of: Abbvie, BMS, Lilly, Mylan, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, Sanofi-Genzyme, Emmanuel Hoppe: None declared, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg Grant/research support from: BMS, Pfizer, Consultant of: BMS, Sanofi-Genzyme, UCB, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Eli Lilly and Co., Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, UCB, Christian Roux: None declared, Sebastien Ottaviani: None declared, Maxime Breban: None declared, Marie Beaufrere: None declared, Alexia Michaut: None declared, Loic Pauvele: None declared, Christelle Darrieutort: None declared, Daniel Wendling: None declared, Pascal COQUERELLE: None declared, Géraldine Bart: None declared, Elisabeth Gervais: None declared, Vincent Goeb: None declared, Marc Ardizzone: None declared, Edouard Pertuiset: None declared, Sophie Derolez: None declared, Jean Marc Ziza: None declared, René-Marc Flipo Consultant of: Johnson and Johnson, MSD France, Novartis, Sanofi, Speakers bureau: Johnson and Johnson, MSD France, Novartis, Sanofi, Raphaèle Seror Consultant of: BMS UCB Pfizer Roche

scholarly journals Feeding pattern and nutritional status of infants in Belu District, East Nusa Tenggara

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Dwikisworo Setyowireni ◽  
Achmad Surjono
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Solid Food ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Newborn Period ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Semi Solid

Background The reduction of high rates of malnutrition willrequire greater attention to specific aspects of child feeding.Although much attention has been devoted recently to promotingappropriate breastfeeding practices, little effort has been directedto enhance complementary feeding.Objectives To assess feeding pattern among infants in Belu DistrictNusa Tenggara Timur, related to nutritional status of children.Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted in Belu District,East Nusa Tenggara using a two stage cluster sampling method toselect a sample of representative households. All infants wereassessed for current feeding practices and anthropometric.Results Among 87.8% infants are still breastfed, and 80.2% weregiven colostrum. The mother gave the baby plain water (27.4%),or sugar water (15.6%), or other liquid (31.7%) before giving thefirst breast milk. Timely first suckling was practiced 10.1% infants,timely first complementary feeding was achieved 90.3%, as wellas high rate of early introduction of semi-solid food in infants lessthan 4 months. Introduction of solid food was progressivelyincreased (3% in the newborn period to 72% in 3 months infant).Exclusive breastfeeding among infants < 4 months was decreasing(90% in newborn period to 28% in 3 months infants). Theproportion of infants fed solid foods was progressively increased(4% in infants <1 month to 72% in 3 months infant). The highprevalence of wasting reached 27.8% (CI 95%: 24,6-31,3). Theprevalence of children below -2 SD Z-scores was 10% (CI 95%:8-12.5), was classified as serious condition.Conclusions This study showed that high percentage of exclusivebreastfeeding rate otherwise rate of continued breastfeeding (oneyear) is low. A sufficient high rate on complementary feeding isestablished as well as early introduction of semi-solid foods. Theprevalence of underweight is high and classified as serious wasting.

Tennis- und Golfer-Ellenbogen

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Lateral Epicondylitis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Physical Methods ◽  
Local Injections ◽  
One Year ◽  
Golfer’S Elbow ◽  
Non Surgical Treatment

“Tennis and golfer’s elbow” are common pathologies due to overload of forearm extensors and flexors, and actually occur mostly outside tennis and golf sports. Several differential diagnoses of medial and lateral epicondylitis have to be excluded as there are a number of other conditions with similar clinical symptoms. The high rate of spontaneous recovery has to be considered in treatment. Evidence based conservative treatment comprises excentric physiotherapy, local injections, and physical methods. Surgery is reserved for patients with persistence of symptoms for more than one year despite non-surgical treatment.

Obtaining Secondary Treatment with RBC/Underflow Clarifiers

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 429-442
Author(s):  
I L Bogert
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Secondary Treatment ◽  
Lower Zone ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Winter Conditions ◽  
Rotating Biological Contactors ◽  
One Year ◽  
The U.S

A one-year experimental program conducted at Edgewater, New Jersey, U.S.A. evaluated the concept of providing secondary treatment by the installation of rotating biological contactors (RBC's) in modified primary sedimentation tanks. A primary tank was divided horizontally into two zones separated by an intermediate floor. Four RBC's were placed in the upper zone. The lower zone provided secondary sedimentation. High rate primary sedimentation was provided to remove grit and trash without removing substantial portions of BOD and SS. The experimental program funded by the U.S. EPA and the Borough of Edgewater was conducted over a full year at different loads. The system proved to be an effective secondary treatment process with little difference in treatment efficiency between summer and winter conditions.

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