Early-Life Nutritional Programming of Type 2 Diabetes: Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Evidence

Balance impairments are a relevant problem in patients with diabetes, and interventions to manage this issue represent a public health need. This study reviewed the literature about the effectiveness of Tai Chi on balance improvement in patients with type 2 diabetes. Springerlink, MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were screened. Randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials assessing balance in patients with type 2 diabetes enrolled in a Tai Chi program were considered eligible. Four studies were included in qualitative synthesis and in quantitative analysis (three randomized controlled trials and one pretest–posttest quasi-experimental study). Evidence supporting Tai Chi to improve balance in patients with type 2 diabetes was found (effect size: 0.52; 95% confidence interval [0.20, 0.84]); however, the analysis relied on a small number of studies, which raises concerns about the risk of bias. In conclusion, the results support the benefits of Tai Chi intervention to improve balance in patients with type 2 diabetes.

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T2DM: Why Epigenetics?

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1155/2011/647514 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Delphine Fradin ◽

Pierre Bougnères

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Early Life ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Phenotypic Traits ◽

To Come ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder influenced by interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetics conveys specific environmental influences into phenotypic traits through a variety of mechanisms that are often installed in early life, then persist in differentiated tissues with the power to modulate the expression of many genes, although undergoing time-dependent alterations. There is still no evidence that epigenetics contributes significantly to the causes or transmission of T2DM from one generation to another, thus, to the current environment-driven epidemics, but it has become so likely, as pointed out in this paper, that one can expect an efflorescence of epigenetic knowledge about T2DM in times to come.

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Interventions for the prevention of risk factors and incidence of type 2 diabetes in the work environment: a systematic review

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053001084 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 101 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jorge Inolopú ◽

Nélida Hilario-Huapaya ◽

Martín Alonso Tantaleán-Del-Águila ◽

Yamilee Hurtado-Roca ◽

Cesar Ugarte-GilI

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Weight ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Research Question ◽

Work Environments ◽

Metabolic Parameter ◽

Quasi Experimental

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at the prevention of risk factors and incidence of type 2 diabetes in the workers population. METHODS: Systematic review of interventions aimed at adult workers at risk of type 2 diabetes published in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Central Cochrane Registry of Controlled Trials, and Lilacs. Randomized trials, quasi-experimental research and cohort studies were selected; in English, Spanish and Portuguese; published from 2000 to 2017. Intervention effectiveness was evaluated concerning the incidence of type 2 diabetes and a significant reduction in body weight, or another anthropometric or metabolic parameter. RESULTS: 3,024 articles were generated, of which 2,825 that did not answer the research question were eliminated, as well as 130 that did not evaluate original interventions, 57 carried out outside the workplace and two reviews; so that 10 selected items remained. Interventions based on structured programs previously evaluated and integrated into the workplace had a favorable impact on the reduction of body weight and other risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for the prevention of type 2 diabetes should be based on structured programs with proven effectiveness and adapted to the workplace, with employer participation in the provision of schedules and work environments.

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Increasing Knowledge, Attitudes, Skills, and Glucose Control in Type-2 Diabetic Patients through EMAS Interventions

Nurse Media Journal of Nursing ◽

10.14710/nmjn.v9i2.22989 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 141-150

Author(s):

Arief Andriyanto ◽

Etty Rekawati ◽

Dwi Cahya Rahmadiyah

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Glucose Control ◽

Communicable Disease ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Management Interventions ◽

Quasi Experimental

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic and non-communicable disease that has serious impacts. Previous studies have focused on a single intervention in the management of DM. Therefore, EMAS (education, nutrition management, physical activities, and stress management) interventions are proposed to convey the pillars of diabetes mellitus as endorsed by the Indonesian Ministry of Health.Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the effects of EMAS interventions on the knowledge, attitudes, skills, and glucose control in patients with type-2 DM.Methods: This study used a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design without control groups. The samples were 86 diabetic patients recruited using a purposive sampling technique. The EMAS interventions were conducted for six months and eight sessions (October 2018 to March 2019). The EuroQoLfive-dimensional (EQ-5D) questionnaire was used to collect the data, and the paired t-test was used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that there were significant differences in the knowledge, attitudes, skills (p=0.001), and glucose control (p=0.04) of type 2 diabetes mellitus after the implementation of EMAS interventions. Conclusion: EMAS interventions significantly increased the knowledge, attitudes, and skills in patients with type 2 diabetes to behave healthier to control their blood sugar. Community nurses can use EMAS intervention for the management of DM among diabetic patients.

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