scholarly journals A Remarkable Genetic Diversity of Rotavirus A Circulating in Red Fox Population in Croatia

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Daniel Čolić ◽  
Nina Krešić ◽  
Željko Mihaljević ◽  
Tibor Andreanszky ◽  
Davor Balić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
Rotavirus A ◽  
Animal Farming

Rotaviruses (RV), especially Rotavirus A (RVA), are globally recognized as pathogens causing neonatal diarrhea, but they also affect intensive animal farming. However, the knowledge on their significance in wildlife is rather limited. The aim of the study was to unveil the prevalence, molecular epidemiology, and genetic diversity of RVA strains circulating in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) population in Croatia. From 2018 to 2019, 370 fecal samples from fox carcasses hunted for rabies monitoring were collected. All samples were first tested using a VP2 real-time RT-PCR; in the subsequent course, positives were subjected to VP7 and VP4 genotyping. The results revealed an RVA prevalence of 14.9%, while the circulating RVA strains showed a remarkable genetic diversity in terms of 11 G and nine P genotypes, among which one G and three P were tentatively identified as novel. In total, eight genotype combinations were detected: G8P[14], G9P[3], G9P[23], G10P[11], G10P[3], G11P[13], G15P[21], and G?P[?]. The results suggest a complex background of previous interspecies transmission events, shedding new light on the potential influence of foxes in RVA epidemiology. Their role as potential reservoirs of broad range of RVA genotypes, usually considered typical solely of domestic animals and humans, cannot be dismissed.

scholarly journals Low genetic diversity in an isolated red fox (Vulpes vulpes) population on Mt. Hakodate, Japan, revealed by microsatellite analyses of fecal samples

Mammal Study ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Yosuke Amaike ◽  
Takahiro Murakami ◽  
Ryuichi Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Analyses

scholarly journals Survey on viral pathogens in wild red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Germany with emphasis on parvoviruses and analysis of a DNA sequence from a red fox parvovirus

1998 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. TRUYEN ◽  
T. MÜLLER ◽  
R. HEIDRICH ◽  
K. TACKMANN ◽  
L. E. CARMICHAEL
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Domestic Dog ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Feline Panleukopenia Virus ◽  
Free Ranging

The seroprevalence of canine parvovirus (CPV), canine distemper virus (CDV), canine adenovirus (CAV) and canine herpesvirus (CHV) infections in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) was determined in fox sera collected between 1991 and 1995. A total of 500 sera were selected and the seroprevalences were estimated to be 13% (65 of 500 sera) for CPV, 4·4% (17 of 383 sera) for CDV, 3·5% (17 of 485 sera) for CAV, and 0·4% (2 of 485 sera) for CHV, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two (rural and suburban) areas under study.Parvovirus DNA sequences were amplified from tissues of free-ranging foxes and compared to those of prototype viruses from dogs and cats. We report here a parvovirus sequence indicative of a true intermediate between the feline panleukopenia virus-like viruses and the canine parvovirus-like viruses. The red fox parvoviral sequence, therefore, appears to represent a link between those viral groups. The DNA sequence together with a significant seroprevalence of parvovirus infections in foxes supports the hypothesis that the sudden emergence of canine parvovirus in the domestic dog population may have involved the interspecies transmission between wild and domestic carnivores.

scholarly journals Rotavirus A, C, and H in Brazilian pigs: potential for zoonotic transmission of RVA

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Patrícia S. Flores ◽  
Fábio B. Costa ◽  
Ariane R. Amorim ◽  
Gabriella S. Mendes ◽  
Miguel Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Rotavirus A ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reference Strains

Rotaviruses (RVs) have been identified as one of the main infectious causes of diarrhea in young pigs. We determined the prevalence of rotavirus A (RVA), C (RVC), and H (RVH) in pigs on a Brazilian farm. Samples were screened by reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR, and samples positive for RVA were genotyped by PCR amplification and sequencing analysis. Of the 329 fecal samples analyzed, 102 (30.9%) were positive for RV, 25 (7.6%) contained RVA only, 32 (9.7%) contained RVC only, and 31 (9.4%) contained RVH only. Co-circulation, the presence of ≥ 2 RVs in a sample, was detected in 14 (4.2%) samples. Of the 15 animals with diarrhea, 6 (40%) were positive for RV, and of the 314 asymptomatic animals, 96 (30.6%) were positive for RV; there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups ( p = 0.441). Genotyping of RVA strains showed co-circulation of genotypes G1, G3, G9-P[8]-I1, and I2-E1. Phylogenetic analysis showed that some of the RVA genotypes found in pigs had high percentages of identity when compared with reference strains from humans, which suggests interspecies transmission. Because RVs may be zoonotic, excretion of RVs into the environment can result in transmission to agricultural workers causing interspecies infections and allowing the emergence of new reassorted viruses.

Tracking and tracing central Queensland’s Macroderma – determining the size of the Mount Etna ghost bat population and potential threats

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Augusteyn ◽  
Jane Hughes ◽  
Graeme Armstrong ◽  
Kathryn Real ◽  
Carlo Pacioni
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Population Bottleneck ◽  
Mount Etna ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Recreational Facilities ◽  
Microsatellite Diversity

The ghost bat, Macroderma gigas, colony at Mount Etna was at the centre of Australia’s longest-running conservation campaign. To protect the colony the Queensland Government removed recreational facilities and gated caves. The size and genetic diversity of the Mount Etna M. gigas population were estimated using cave searches, direct captures and molecular analysis to determine whether these actions have benefitted the species. In addition, telemetry was undertaken and red fox, Vulpes vulpes, scats analysed to identify possible threats. Results suggest that the population has declined by 79% since the late 1990s, has low microsatellite diversity, low effective population size (Ne) and is undergoing a population bottleneck. VHF- and GPS-collared animals were found to forage over agricultural land up to 11.8 km from their daytime roost, suggesting that poor land management and barbed-wire fences could be potential threats. No ghost bat remains were found in fox scats. We recommend that compliance be increased around Johansen’s Cave to reduce disturbance during the maternity season and landholders be encouraged to undertake management that is sympathetic to ghost bats.

scholarly journals Influence of anthelmintic baits on the occurrence of causative agents of helminthozoonoses in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes)

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Antolová ◽  
M. Miterpáková ◽  
K. Reiterová ◽  
P. Dubinský
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Wildlife Reservoir

AbstractRed fox (Vulpes vulpes) presents major wildlife reservoir of parasitozoonoses, transmissible to humans and domestic animals. The study was aimed to find out the effect of anthelmintic baits on the occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis and other intestinal helminths in red foxes. In two bait areas (B1 and B2) 20 baits per km2 were distributed monthly between August 2004 and April 2005. Fox fecal samples were collected in both bait areas and two control areas (C1 and C2) between August 2004 and August 2005. In bait area B1 the decrease of parasite species number, decrease of their prevalence and prevalence of E. multilocularis was observed. No significant decline was observed in bait area B2, probably due to consumption of baits by wild boars. Bait distribution represents the possibility of reduction of environmental contamination with parasites and their propagation stages. Especially on the periphery of towns and villages and in recreational areas it seems to be suitable way of human health protection.

Genetic Diversity of MHC Class II DRB1 Exon 2 in the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) on Hokkaido, Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Amaike ◽  
Yoshinori Nishita ◽  
Kohji Uraguchi ◽  
Ryuichi Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Exon 2

Primary osteoblast culture from red fox (Vulpes Vulpes)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Pedro Perpetuo ◽  
Alessandro Felder ◽  
Andrew Pitsillides ◽  
Michael Doube ◽  
Isabel Orriss
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Primary Osteoblast ◽  
Osteoblast Culture

Molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of norovirus infection in children with acute gastroenteritis in Bangladesh, 2014‐2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuvra Kanti Dey ◽  
Nadim Sharif ◽  
Baki Billah ◽  
Tanjir Tarek Ibn Siddique ◽  
Tarequl Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis

scholarly journals Multiple Types of Novel Enteric Bopiviruses (Picornaviridae) with the Possibility of Interspecies Transmission Identified from Cloven-Hoofed Domestic Livestock (Ovine, Caprine and Bovine) in Hungary

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Zoltán László ◽  
Péter Pankovics ◽  
Gábor Reuter ◽  
Attila Cságola ◽  
Ádám Bálint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
The Family ◽  
Domestic Livestock

Most picornaviruses of the family Picornaviridae are relatively well known, but there are certain “neglected” genera like Bopivirus, containing a single uncharacterised sequence (bopivirus A1, KM589358) with very limited background information. In this study, three novel picornaviruses provisionally called ovipi-, gopi- and bopivirus/Hun (MW298057-MW298059) from enteric samples of asymptomatic ovine, caprine and bovine respectively, were determined using RT-PCR and dye-terminator sequencing techniques. These monophyletic viruses share the same type II-like IRES, NPGP-type 2A, similar genome layout (4-3-4) and cre-localisations. Culture attempts of the study viruses, using six different cell lines, yielded no evidence of viral growth in vitro. Genomic and phylogenetic analyses show that bopivirus/Hun of bovine belongs to the species Bopivirus A, while the closely related ovine-origin ovipi- and caprine-origin gopivirus could belong to a novel species “Bopivirus B” in the genus Bopivirus. Epidemiological investigation of N = 269 faecal samples of livestock (ovine, caprine, bovine, swine and rabbit) from different farms in Hungary showed that bopiviruses were most prevalent among <12-month-old ovine, caprine and bovine, but undetectable in swine and rabbit. VP1 capsid-based phylogenetic analyses revealed the presence of multiple lineages/genotypes, including closely related ovine/caprine strains, suggesting the possibility of ovine–caprine interspecies transmission of certain bopiviruses.

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