scholarly journals Human Babesiosis in Europe

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1165
Author(s):  
Anke Hildebrandt ◽  
Annetta Zintl ◽  
Estrella Montero ◽  
Klaus-Peter Hunfeld ◽  
Jeremy Gray
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Management ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Human Babesiosis

Babesiosis is attracting increasing attention as a worldwide emerging zoonosis. The first case of human babesiosis in Europe was described in the late 1950s and since then more than 60 cases have been reported in Europe. While the disease is relatively rare in Europe, it is significant because the majority of cases present as life-threatening fulminant infections, mainly in immunocompromised patients. Although appearing clinically similar to human babesiosis elsewhere, particularly in the USA, most European forms of the disease are distinct entities, especially concerning epidemiology, human susceptibility to infection and clinical management. This paper describes the history of the disease and reviews all published cases that have occurred in Europe with regard to the identity and genetic characteristics of the etiological agents, pathogenesis, aspects of epidemiology including the eco-epidemiology of the vectors, the clinical courses of infection, diagnostic tools and clinical management and treatment.

Adult Presentation of a Familial-Associated Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation: Case Report

Neurosurgery ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. E1845-E1851 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S Xu ◽  
Asad A Usman ◽  
Michael C Hurley ◽  
Christopher S Eddleman ◽  
Bernard R Bendok
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Vein Of Galen ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
First Case ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Asymptomatic Adult

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations (VGAMs) arise from persistent arteriovenous shunting from primitive choroidal vessels into the median prosencephalic vein of Markowski, the embryonic precursor of the vein of Galen. VGAMs rarely present past infancy, and their natural history in adults is unknown. We report the first case of a familial-associated VGAM in an asymptomatic adult female patient. The clinical features of this case are presented alongside a systematic review of the literature on adult VGAM cases to assess the natural history, clinical management, and genetic basis of this rare neurovascular lesion. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A previously healthy 44-year-old woman with a family history of a VGAM in a stillborn presented with an 8-week onset of dizziness and vertigo that spontaneously resolved. Time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography identified a choroidal VGAM. No intervention was undertaken at this time because of the patient's asymptomatic status after 9 months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Based on our review of the literature, this is the first case report of a familial-associated VGAM in an adult patient and suggests that VGAM development can be genetically linked. Of 15 adult VGAM cases previously reported, all patients were either symptomatic or treated, thus precluding determination of VGAM natural history in adults. Patient outcomes correlated with the severity of presenting symptoms, which ranged from asymptomatic to immediately life-threatening. We hypothesize that self-selection may render VGAMs to be more benign for them to persist past childhood. Further investigation of the molecular biology underlying VGAM development is warranted.

scholarly journals A multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19 in a 11-years-old girl

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-78
Author(s):  
Milena Bjelica ◽  
Gordana Vilotijevic-Dautovic ◽  
Andrea Djuretic ◽  
Slobodan Spasojevic
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
First Case ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Introduction. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a post-viral, life-threatening, inflammatory state with multisystem involvement that typically manifests 3-4 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this article, we present the first case of MIS-C in the Institute for Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Case outline. A previously 11-years-old healthy girl got sick two days before admission to the hospital with a fever, headache, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fatigue. She was tested positive for COVID-19 by nasopharyngeal swab PCR with positive IgM and IgG antibodies. In the further course the illness presented with prolonged fever, laboratory evidence of inflammation, multiorgan involvement such as respiratory, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and dermatologic. Based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organization criteria the diagnosis of MIS-C was made and IVIG and methylprednisolone were introduced with favorable clinical course. Conclusion. Every prolonged and unusual febrile state, especially if it is accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms, in a school-age child, should be investigated in the direction of recent COVID-19 infection or exposure. In a case of a positive COVID-19 history or history of exposure, the MIS-C diagnosis should be considered.

scholarly journals An Unconventional Diagnostic Method for Cryptosporidial Enteritis in a Healthy Host: Never Call It Quits!

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-531
Author(s):  
Shivantha Amarnath ◽  
Cheikh Talal El Imad ◽  
Kingsley Ebare ◽  
Hueizhi Wu ◽  
Stephen Mulrooney
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Stool Culture ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rising Incidence ◽  
Systemic Symptoms

Cryptosporidial enteritis has a rising incidence in the USA, mostly affecting immunocompromised individuals and children. It has a self-limiting course in healthy hosts. Herein, we present a unique case of a healthy middle-aged female who presented with a 1-month history of voluminous watery diarrhea and acute blood loss anemia. Cryptosporidial enteritis was diagnosed based on endoscopy with biopsy-proven evidence of 2 jejunal peptic ulcers infected with Cryptosporidiumspp. that was originally missed on routine stool culture, ova and parasite tests. The patient was successfully treated with nitazoxanide,and eradication of the protozoan was also confirmed on repeat endoscopic biopsies of the ulcer that were carried out 6 months later. To our knowledge, this is the first case to be reported in the literature with infective colonization of peptic ulcers with Cryptosporidiumspp.with consequent systemic symptoms.

scholarly journals Corynebacterium CDC group G native and prosthetic valve endocarditis

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Sattar ◽  
Siegfried Yu ◽  
Janak Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Prosthetic Valve ◽  
Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis ◽  
Mitral Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
High Grade Fever ◽  
Access Port ◽  
First Case ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of

We report the first case of native and recurrent prosthetic valve endocarditis with <em>Corynebacterium</em> CDC group G, a rarely reported cause of infective endocarditis (IE). Previously, there have been only two cases reported for prosthetic valve IE caused by these organisms. A 69-year-old female with a known history of mitral valve regurgitation presented with a 3-day history of high-grade fever, pleuritic chest pain and cough. Echocardiography confirmed findings of mitral valve thickening consistent with endocarditis, which subsequently progressed to become large and mobile vegetations. Both sets of blood cultures taken on admission were positive for <em>Corynebacterium</em> CDC group G. Despite removal of a long-term venous access port, the patient’s presumed source of line associated bacteremia, mitral valve replacement, and aggressive antibiotic therapy, the patient had recurrence of vegetations on the prosthetic valve. She underwent replacement of her prosthetic mitral valve in the subsequent 2 weeks, before she progressed to disseminated intravascular coagulation and expired. Although they are typically considered contaminants, corynebacteria, in the appropriate clinical setting, should be recognized, identified, and treated as potentially life-threatening infections, particularly in the case of line-associated bacteremias, and native and prosthetic valve endocarditis.

Pulmonary and cutaneous mucormycosis in two children with diabetes mellitus type 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nosrat Ghaemi ◽  
Sepide Bagheri ◽  
Sara Shirdelzade
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cutaneous Lesion ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
First Case ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Onset Of Diabetes

Abstract Objectives Mucormycosis is a life-threatening condition that can be present in diabetes mellitus. Although the rhino-orbito-cerebral form is the most common, other types may be developed as well. Case presentation The present study reports two children with diabetes who had the cutaneous and pulmonary forms of mucormycosis. The first case was a four-year-old boy without a history of diabetes admitted due to loss of consciousness and a necrotic lesion on his hand. The second was an 11-year-old boy with dyspnea, polyuria, and polydipsia who had developed diabetes two years before, and whose chest X-ray had shown a pulmonary lesion. Both cases were treated with surgical implementation and appropriate antifungal therapy. Conclusions Mucormycosis is a fatal condition that can even be present at the onset of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, any diabetic patient with any presentation of respiratory symptoms such as coughs, or any cutaneous lesion should be examined carefully for mucormycosis after which prompt treatment must begin.

scholarly journals A Case of “Rayism”- Tropical Stingray Intoxication with a Favorable Outcome

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
Yanko T. Iliev ◽  
Vladimir V. Bozhilov
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Thermal Therapy ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
First Case ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fish Tank

Abstract Tropical fresh water stingrays have become quite popular among amateur and professional aquarists due to their attractive appearance. However, the species may have a high life-threatening potential. Stingray intoxication is rare in Eastern Europe and there is no specific antivenin available. We present the first case of “rayism” - envenomation caused by sp. Reticulatus in Eastern Europe. The patient was a 63-year-old amateur aquarist, with a history of ischaemic heart disease and allergy to NSAIDs. He got stung while cleaning a stingray fish tank and was admitted to the department of clinical toxicology 40min following the incident, with symptoms of moderate intoxication: accentuated local toxic syndrome - mild bleeding at the sting site, worsening and excruciating (8- 9/10) pain in his left hand and forearm, feeling of “burning” in the arm, accompanying toxic symptoms - vertigo, malaise, fatigue, sweating and tightness in the chest. No antitoxin was available and the treatment plan included local aseptic treatment of the wound, anti- tetanus prophylaxis, fluoroquinolone-type antibiotic prophylaxis, antihistamine, a corticosteroid and i.v. infusions. Thermal therapy (immersing the arm in hot, 45℃ tap water) completely reduced the pain within 5 hours. Full recovery was achieved on the 3rd day after the exposure. A toxicologist should react adequately in the setting of a rare intoxication even when a specific antidote is not available. Thermal therapy proved to be effective in the case of stingray envenomation.

Anorectal lymphogranuloma venereum in a Melbourne man

Sexual Health ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna N. Morton ◽  
Christopher K. Fairley ◽  
Angelo M. Zaia ◽  
Marcus Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Lymphogranuloma Venereum ◽  
First Case ◽  
Insertive Anal Intercourse ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Anal Swab ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

We report the first case of anorectal lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) in a man who has sex with men (MSM) in Australia in the setting of the recent emergence of LGV among MSM in Europe and the USA. A 33-year-old man presented with a 2 month history of mild external anal discomfort. He gave a history of unprotected receptive and insertive anal intercourse with one partner in Europe during the preceding 6 months. No symptoms suggested proctitis and examination revealed two small anal fissures. An anal swab was positive for Chlamydia trachomatis; investigation for other STIs including HIV were negative. On review 6 days later, he was investigated and treated presumptively for LGV. The LGV diagnosis was confirmed by identifying the L2 serovar of C. trachomatis using a genotype test on the original anal specimen. This case is in keeping with the more recent reports of LGV from Europe, and has demonstrated the need for a high index of suspicion for asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic anorectal LGV.

scholarly journals First Clinical Case of Equine Parvovirus-Hepatitis-Related Theiler’s Disease in Asia

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1917
Author(s):  
Jungho Yoon ◽  
Taemook Park ◽  
Ahram Kim ◽  
Jongyoung Park ◽  
Byung-Joo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ns1 Gene

Equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H) is a newly identified etiologic agent of Theiler’s disease (TD). We present a case of EqPV-H-related fulminant hepatitis in a 14-year-old thoroughbred mare in Korea. The mare had acute hepatopathy and gastrointestinal symptoms, with abnormal liver-related blood parameters. The horse was born in the USA and imported to Korea in 2017, with no history of administration of equine biological products after entry into Korea. The horse was diagnosed with EqPV-H-associated hepatitis after abdominal ultrasonography, laparotomy, and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH) assays. The serum, nasal swab, oral swab, and liver biopsy were positive for EqPV-H according to the PCR assay. Genetic analysis of the partial NS1 gene of EqPV-H showed a unique nucleotide substitution, distinct from that in previously deposited strains. EqPV-H DNA was found not only in hepatocytes but also in bile duct epithelium and Kupffer cells, particularly via ISH. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of EqPV-H-associated TD in Asia, providing the first clinical evidence for viral shedding from the mouth and nose, and identification of EqPV-H in the liver. This study contributes to a better understanding of the pathological features of EqPV-H-associated TD.

scholarly journals Semicentennial of Human Babesiosis, Nantucket Island

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1159
Author(s):  
Sam R. Telford ◽  
Heidi K. Goethert ◽  
Timothy J. Lepore
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Terminal Moraine ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Southern New England ◽  
First Case ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Babesiosis

Fifty years ago, the index case of human babesiosis due to Babesia microti was diagnosed in a summer resident of Nantucket Island. Human babesiosis, once called “Nantucket fever” due to its seeming restriction to Nantucket and the terminal moraine islands of southern New England, has emerged across the northeastern United States to commonly infect people wherever Lyme disease is endemic. We review the history of babesiosis on Nantucket, analyze its epidemiology and ecology there, provide summaries of the first case histories, and comment on its future public health burden.

Epidural Hematoma After Tympanomastoidectomy and Bone-Anchored Hearing Aid (BAHA) Placement: Case Report

Neurosurgery ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. E1451-E1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fassil B Mesfin ◽  
Nora W Perkins ◽  
Christopher Brook ◽  
David Foyt ◽  
John W German
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Epidural Hematoma ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
First Case ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bone Anchored Hearing Aid ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Epidural hematoma (EDH) has never been reported as a complication after placement of a bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA). To our knowledge, this is the first case report of an EDH after placement of a BAHA. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 15-year-old girl with an EDH after placement of a BAHA. Initially, she presented with a history of right ear conductive hearing loss and had a tympanomastoidectomy and placement of a BAHA at an outpatient surgical facility. Postoperatively, the patient was transferred to the postoperative care unit in stable neurological condition but was subsequently noted to be lethargic with dilated, nonreactive pupils and extensor posturing. A computed tomography scan revealed a large right temporal EDH with midline shift. She was then taken to the operating room emergently for craniotomy and evacuation of the EDH. After evacuation, she was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit and slowly emerged from her coma with supportive care. She was discharged to inpatient rehabilitation and has made a good recovery. CONCLUSION: This report emphasizes the need for a high index of suspicion of this rare, but life-threatening complication of an EDH after the placement of a BAHA.

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