scholarly journals Bioinspired Magnetic Nanochains for Medicine

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1262
Author(s):  
Slavko Kralj ◽  
Silvia Marchesan
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Anisotropic Structures ◽  
Natural Formation ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
New Research ◽  
Therapy And Diagnosis

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been widely used for medicine, both in therapy and diagnosis. Their guided assembly into anisotropic structures, such as nanochains, has recently opened new research avenues; for instance, targeted drug delivery. Interestingly, magnetic nanochains do occur in nature, and they are thought to be involved in the navigation and geographic orientation of a variety of animals and bacteria, although many open questions on their formation and functioning remain. In this review, we will analyze what is known about the natural formation of magnetic nanochains, as well as the synthetic protocols to produce them in the laboratory, to conclude with an overview of medical applications and an outlook on future opportunities in this exciting research field.

scholarly journals Coating and Functionalization Strategies for Nanogels and Nanoparticles for Selective Drug Delivery

Gels ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Pinelli ◽  
Giuseppe Perale ◽  
Filippo Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Colloidal Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
Final System ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery Systems

Drug delivery is a fascinating research field with several development opportunities. Great attention is now focused on colloidal systems, nanoparticles, and nanogels and on the possibility of modifying them in order to obtain precise targeted drug delivery systems. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the main available surface functionalization and coating strategies that can be adopted in order to modify the selectivity of the nanoparticles in the delivery process and obtain a final system with great targeted drug delivery ability. We also highlight the most important fields of application of these kinds of delivery systems and we propose a comparison between the advantages and disadvantages of the described functionalization strategies.

scholarly journals Micro/Nanorobot: A Promising Targeted Drug Delivery System

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyi Hu ◽  
Xuemei Ge ◽  
Xuan Chen ◽  
Wenwei Mao ◽  
Xiuping Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Traditional Drug ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
Autonomous Movement

Micro/nanorobot, as a research field, has attracted interest in recent years. It has great potential in medical treatment, as it can be applied in targeted drug delivery, surgical operation, disease diagnosis, etc. Differently from traditional drug delivery, which relies on blood circulation to reach the target, the designed micro/nanorobots can move autonomously, which makes it possible to deliver drugs to the hard-to-reach areas. Micro/nanorobots were driven by exogenous power (magnetic fields, light energy, acoustic fields, electric fields, etc.) or endogenous power (chemical reaction energy). Cell-based micro/nanorobots and DNA origami without autonomous movement ability were also introduced in this article. Although micro/nanorobots have excellent prospects, the current research is mainly based on in vitro experiments; in vivo research is still in its infancy. Further biological experiments are required to verify in vivo drug delivery effects of micro/nanorobots. This paper mainly discusses the research status, challenges, and future development of micro/nanorobots.

Some Medical Applications of Nanomaterials

2010 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassil Lovchinov ◽  
Pavlina Simeonova ◽  
Iliya Radulov ◽  
Ivan Nedkov ◽  
Rumen Kalionsky
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Synthetic Method ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Targeted Drug

The aim of the present study is to demonstrate some opportunities in targeted drug delivery using nanotechnology and nanomaterials. We report here the successful development of a contrast agent and media for hypothermal processes using our own synthetic method for SPIO nanoparticles and a cyclodextrin coating

scholarly journals Numerical modelling of chirality-induced bi-directional swimming of artificial flagella

2014 ◽  
Vol 470 (2162) ◽  
pp. 20130547 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Namdeo ◽  
S. N. Khaderi ◽  
P. R. Onck
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Solid Mechanics ◽  
Rotational Velocity ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Computational Approach ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Governing Equations ◽  
Physical Insight ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
Fundamental Physical

Biomimetic micro-swimmers can be used for various medical applications, such as targeted drug delivery and micro-object (e.g. biological cells) manipulation, in lab-on-a-chip devices. Bacteria swim using a bundle of flagella (flexible hair-like structures) that form a rotating cork-screw of chiral shape. To mimic bacterial swimming, we employ a computational approach to design a bacterial (chirality-induced) swimmer whose chiral shape and rotational velocity can be controlled by an external magnetic field. In our model, we numerically solve the coupled governing equations that describe the system dynamics (i.e. solid mechanics, fluid dynamics and magnetostatics). We explore the swimming response as a function of the characteristic dimensionless parameters and put special emphasis on controlling the swimming direction. Our results provide fundamental physical insight on the chirality-induced propulsion, and it provides guidelines for the design of magnetic bi-directional micro-swimmers.

Advances in Carbon Based Nanomaterials for Bio-Medical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (38) ◽  
pp. 6851-6877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejendra Kumar Gupta ◽  
Pattabhi Ramaiah Budarapu ◽  
Sivakumar Reddy Chappidi ◽  
Sudhir Sastry Y.B. ◽  
Marco Paggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Tissue Imaging ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials ◽  
Carbon Based

: The unique mechanical, electrical, thermal, chemical and optical properties of carbon based nanomaterials (CBNs) like: Fullerenes, Graphene, Carbon nanotubes, and their derivatives made them widely used materials for various applications including biomedicine. Few recent applications of the CBNs in biomedicine include: cancer therapy, targeted drug delivery, bio-sensing, cell and tissue imaging and regenerative medicine. However, functionalization renders the toxicity of CBNs and makes them soluble in several solvents including water, which is required for biomedical applications. Hence, this review represents the complete study of development in nanomaterials of carbon for biomedical uses. Especially, CBNs as the vehicles for delivering the drug in carbon nanomaterials is described in particular. The computational modeling approaches of various CBNs are also addressed. Furthermore, prospectus, issues and possible challenges of this rapidly developing field are highlighted.

Multifunctional pH-sensitive superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanocomposites for targeted drug delivery and MR imaging

2013 ◽  
Vol 169 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Zhu ◽  
Dali Wang ◽  
Xuan Wei ◽  
Xinyuan Zhu ◽  
Jianqi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Targeted Drug

scholarly journals Histopathology of the Liver, Kidney, and Spleen of Mice Exposed to Gold Nanoparticles

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Ibrahim ◽  
Mohsen Al-Mutary ◽  
Amel Bakhiet ◽  
Haseeb Khan
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Priming Dose ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
20 Nm

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are biocompatible nanomaterials that are currently researched for biomedical applications such as imaging and targeted drug delivery. In this investigation, we studied the effects of a single dose (injected on day 1) as well as a priming dose (two injections with a gap of one week) of 5 nm, 20 nm, and 50 nm diameter GNPs on the structural and biochemical changes in the liver, kidney, and spleen of mice. The results showed that small sized GNPs (5 nm) produced significant pathological changes in the liver on day 2 that gradually reduced on day 8. The medium (20 nm) and large (50 nm) sized GNPs preferentially targeted the spleen and caused significant pathological changes to the spleen architecture on day 2 that persisted on day 8 as well. There were minimal and insignificant pathological changes to the kidneys irrespective of the GNPs size. The animals that were primed with the pre-exposure of GNPs did not show any aggravation of histological changes after the second dose of the same GNPs. None of the dose regimens of the GNPs were able to significantly affect the markers of oxidative stress including glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in all of the organs that were studied. In conclusion, the size of GNPs plays an important role in their pathological effects on different organs of mice. Moreover, the primed animals become refractory to further pathological changes after the second dose of GNPs, suggesting the importance of a priming dose in medical applications of GNPs.

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