scholarly journals Multispectral Photonic Jet Shaping and Steering by Control of Tangential Electric Field Component on Cuboid Particle

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Cheng-Yang Liu ◽  
Wei-Yu Chen ◽  
Oleg V. Minin ◽  
Igor V. Minin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Lateral Surface ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Decay Length ◽  
Metal Mask ◽  
Tangential Electric Field ◽  
Photonic Jet ◽  
Optical Integration ◽  
532 Nm

In this study, we present the simulations and experimental observations of photonic jet (PJ) shaping by control of tangential electric field components at illuminating wavelengths of 405 nm, 532 nm, and 671 nm. The PJs are generated by a single dielectric 4-micrometer cube that was fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The dielectric cube is deposited on a silicon substrate and placed on two aluminum masks with a width equal to the side length of the cube. Due to the appearance of the metal masks, the focal length and decay length of the generated PJs decreased almost twice, while the PJ resolution increased 1.2 times. Thus, PJ shaping can be controlled by the presence of the metal mask along the lateral surface of the cube without changing the external shape or internal structure of the cube. This effect is based on the control of the tangential components of the electric field along the lateral surface of the cube. In the case of a one-sided metal mask, the effect of optical deflection and bending is predicted to form a photonic hook. Due to the low cost of these dielectric cubes, they have potential in far-field systems to better meet the requirements of modern optical integration circuits and switches.

scholarly journals Use of WetSEM® capsules for convenient multimodal scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and micro Raman spectroscopy characterisation of technetium oxides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Bailey ◽  
M. C. Stennett ◽  
J. Heo ◽  
N. C. Hyatt
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Powder Materials ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Sem Imaging ◽  
General User ◽  
532 Nm

AbstractSEM–EDX and Raman spectroscopy analysis of radioactive compounds is often restricted to dedicated instrumentation, within radiological working areas, to manage the hazard and risk of contamination. Here, we demonstrate application of WetSEM® capsules for containment of technetium powder materials, enabling routine multimodal characterisation with general user instrumentation, outside of a controlled radiological working area. The electron transparent membrane of WetSEM® capsules enables SEM imaging of submicron non-conducting technetium powders and acquisition of Tc Lα X-ray emission, using a low cost desktop SEM–EDX system, as well as acquisition of good quality μ-Raman spectra using a 532 nm laser.

BICOLOR OPTICAL TREATMENT OF MULTI-LAYERS FILM SAMPLES

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (08) ◽  
pp. 937-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. OZGA ◽  
J. EBOTHÉ ◽  
H. NGUYEN CONG ◽  
D. MARTEL ◽  
W. GRUHN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Independent Measurement ◽  
Yag Lasers ◽  
Optical Susceptibility ◽  
Dc Electric Field ◽  
Optical Treatment ◽  
532 Nm ◽  
Multi Layer Film

In the present paper, we study the influence of simultaneous polarized optical treatment (10 ns Nd: YAG lasers with wavelengths 1064 nm and 532 nm with power density 0.6 GW/cm2) together with electrostatic dc electric field (up to 8 kV/cm) on self-assembled multi-layer film samples. The second-order optical susceptibility (SOS) achieves the maximal values after one minute simultaneous dc electrical-optical treatment. Further treatment will not enhance the values and even leads to the decrease of SOS. The independent measurement of the local temperature shows that local heating does not exceed 10.1 K.

scholarly journals Sludge water stabilization treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 01048
Author(s):  
Elena Murko ◽  
Vasily Murko ◽  
Jurgen Kretchmann
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Flotation Reagents ◽  
Stabilization Treatment ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Service Water

Technologically contaminated water, formed during processing of coal slurries, finds its application in modern technological cycles of coal enrichment. Limitation of use of untreated recycled water of coal concentration plants is caused by a high degree of its mineralization by various salts, presence of insoluble solid particles and presence of flotation reagents, coagulants and flocculants. Part of technical water purified from mineral and organic contaminants can be used in heating systems and heat exchange equipment of industrial enterprises, including the coal industry. For this purpose, it is necessary to reduce the scale-forming ability of service water (to reduce the content of soluble calcium and magnesium salts in water). One of the most effective and advanced methods is the stabilization treatment of water with an electric field. In addition, this method is environmentally safe, low-cost and simple. The article gives the foundation of the method of stabilization treatment of recycled water of concentrating plants by an electric field, a description of the methodology of the laboratory experiment for scaling reduction, and the analysis of the results.

scholarly journals A Novel Capacitive Sensing Principle for Microdevices

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhou ◽  
Ronald N. Miles ◽  
Shahrzad Towfighian
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Design Principle ◽  
Electrostatic Force ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Repulsive Force ◽  
Attractive Force ◽  
Sensor Design ◽  
Capacitive Sensing

Conventional capacitive sensing places significant limitations on the sensor design due to the pull-in instability caused by the electrostatic force. The main purpose of this study is to examine a low-cost novel capacitive sensing principle based on electrostatic balance which promises to avoid these design limitations. The approach uses an asymmetric electric field on a structure with fingers that can generate a repulsive force while the gap is low and create an attractive force while the gap is large. The size and thickness of the fingers are also responsible for creating repulsive or attractive forces on the structure. This approach has recently been applied successfully in the design of capacitive actuators to provide a repulsive driving force. A new design principle for capacitive sensing is described that avoids pull-in instability by designing the fingers such that the structure is at the equilibrium.

On Chip Micropumping for Biofluids by Temperature Biased AC Electrothermal Effect

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wu ◽  
Kai Yang ◽  
Quan Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Pump Design ◽  
Temperature Bias ◽  
Mobile Charges ◽  
Current Flows ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Small Form Factor

For biofluids, very limited voltage can be applied without causing reactions, even with AC voltages, so conventional electrokinetic pumps cannot function effectively. Here two innovative ACEK micropump designs are proposed, which are expected to solve the long-standing problem of on-chip pumping for biofluids. This work focuses on exploiting external heat flux or temperature bias to enhance micropumping by AC electrothermal effect. AC electrothermal effect is ubiquitous as long as electric current flows through fluid. Investigating the interplay between electric field and temperature field will be useful for the research area of electrokinetics as a whole. New methods to enhance on chip micorpumping have been presented in this paper. Inhomogenous electric fields can cause uneven Joule heating of the fluid, which generates thermal gradients and leads to mobile charges in fluid bulk. The two pumping schemes circumvent the voltage problem by introducing extra thermal gradient to generate mobile charges. The free charges then move under the electric field and induce microflows due to viscosity. Numerical simulation and preliminary experiments have successfully demonstrated the improvement in flow velocity. It enriches the repertoire for the design of ACEK micropump, and affords us more flexibility when dealing with micropumping tasks. The micropumping mechanisms proposed here are simple, robust, of small form factor, can be readily integrated into microsystems at low cost. The proposed fabrication and micropump integration process is highly manufacturable with various materials and can be easily incorporated into a fully integrated biochip. The added design flexibility from this project will lend the pump design well towards many lab-on-a-chip applications.

Upgrading a Low-Cost System for Measuring Lightning Electric Field Waveforms

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adonis F. R. Leal ◽  
Vladimir A. Rakov ◽  
Brigida Ramati Pereira Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost System

scholarly journals Electrically-Tunable Blue Phase Liquid Crystal Microlens Array Based on a Photoconductive Film

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing-Yau Huang ◽  
Shuan-Yu Huang ◽  
Chia-Hsien Chuang ◽  
Chie-Tong Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Microlens Array ◽  
Gradient Distribution ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Blue Phase

This paper proposes an effective approach to fabricate a blue phase liquid crystal (BPLC) microlens array based on a photoconductive film. Owing to the characteristics of photo-induced conducting polymer polyvinylcarbazole (PVK), in which conductivity depends on the irradiation of UV light, a progressive mask resulting in the variation of conductivity is adopted to produce the gradient distribution of the electric field. The reorientations of liquid crystals according to the gradient distribution of the electric field induce the variation of the refractive index. Thus, the incident light experiences the gradient distribution of the refractive index and results in the focusing phenomenon. The study investigates the dependence of lens performance on UV exposure time, the focal length of the lens, and focusing intensities with various incident polarizations. The BPLC microlens array exhibits advantages such as electrically tunability, polarization independence, and fast response time.

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