scholarly journals Ecological and Plant Community Implication on Essential Oils Composition in Useful Wild Officinal Species: A Pilot Case Study in Apulia (Italy)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Enrico V. Perrino ◽  
Francesca Valerio ◽  
Ahmed Gannouchi ◽  
Antonio Trani ◽  
Giuseppe Mezzapesa
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Ecological Context ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Salvia Fruticosa ◽  
Wild Plant Species ◽  
Satureja Montana

The study focused on the effects of ecology (plant communities and topographical data) on composition of essential oils (EOs) of some officinal wild plant species (Lamiales): Clinopodium suaveolens, Salvia fruticosa subsp. thomasii, Satureja montana subsp. montana, and Thymbra capitata, in different environments of Apulia (Italy). C. suaveolens and S. fruticosa subsp. thomasii are rare species of conservation interest, while S. montana subsp. montana and T. capitata, have a wide distribution and are used in traditional medicine or as spices. Results showed that the ecological context (phytosociological and ecological features) may influence the composition of EOs of the studied species. High differences in the compound composition have been found in S. montana subsp. montana, whereas minor effects were observed in C. suaveolens, S. fruticosa subsp. thomasii, and T. capitata accessions. The understanding of such aspects is necessary for providing optimal conditions to produce EOs rich in compounds known for their biological activities. The results are of great interest also for EOs producers and at the same time to improve our knowledge and valorize wild officinal plants.

Chemical composition, antimicrobial, antioxidative and anticholinesterase activity of Satureja Montana L. ssp montana essential oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 668-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Mihajilov-Krstev ◽  
Dragan Radnović ◽  
Dušanka Kitić ◽  
Vesna Jovanović ◽  
Violeta Mitić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Serum Cholinesterase ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antimicrobial Potential ◽  
Satureja Montana

AbstractThe present study investigates the chemical compositions of three Satureja montana L. ssp montana essential oils and correlates chemical variability with biological activities. GC/MS analysis showed that with an increase in altitude (100–500–800 m), a higher content of linalool, terpinen-4-ol and cis-sabinene hydrate was found, while the percentage of phenolic compounds, thymol and carvacrol decreased. Antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was tested against 7 fungal and 23 bacterial strains. The essential oil characterized by the highest content of phenols and alcohols exhibited the highest antimicrobial potential. The correlation analysis showed that the major carriers of the obtained antioxidant activity are oxygenated monoterpenes. All essential oils inhibited human serum cholinesterase activity. High antimicrobial potential, together with moderate antioxidant capacity and strong inhibition of human serum cholinesterase, classifies S. montana essential oil as a natural source of compounds that can be used in the treatment of foodborne and neurological diseases, wound and other infections, as well as for general health improvement.

scholarly journals Seasonal Effect on the Chemical Composition, Insecticidal Properties and Other Biological Activities of Zanthoxylum leprieurii Guill. & Perr. Essential Oils

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyne Amenan Tanoh ◽  
Guy Blanchard Boué ◽  
Fatimata Nea ◽  
Manon Genva ◽  
Esse Leon Wognin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
The Impact

This study focused, for the first time, on the evaluation of the seasonal effect on the chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils hydrodistillated from leaves, trunk bark and fruits of Zanthoxylum leprieurii (Z. leprieurii), a traditional medicinal wild plant growing in Côte d’Ivoire. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation from fresh organs of Z. leprieurii growing on the same site over several months using a Clevenger-type apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Leaf essential oils were dominated by tridecan-2-one (9.00 ± 0.02–36.80 ± 0.06%), (E)-β-ocimene (1.30 ± 0.50–23.57 ± 0.47%), β-caryophyllene (7.00 ± 1.02–19.85 ± 0.48%), dendrolasin (1.79 ± 0.08–16.40 ± 0.85%) and undecan-2-one (1.20 ± 0.03–8.51 ± 0.35%). Fruit essential oils were rich in β-myrcene (16.40 ± 0.91–48.27 ± 0.26%), citronellol (1.90 ± 0.02–28.24 ± 0.10%) and geranial (5.30 ± 0.53–12.50 ± 0.47%). Tridecan-2-one (45.26 ± 0.96–78.80 ± 0.55%), β-caryophyllene (1.80 ± 0.23–13.20 ± 0.33%), α-humulene (4.30 ± 1.09–12.73 ± 1.41%) and tridecan-2-ol (2.23 ± 0.17–10.10 ± 0.61%) were identified as major components of trunk bark oils. Statistical analyses of essential oil compositions showed that the variability mainly comes from the organs. Indeed, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) allowed us to cluster the samples into three groups, each one consisting of one different Z. leprieurii organ, showing that essential oils hydrodistillated from the different organs do not display the same chemical composition. However, significant differences in essential oil compositions for the same organ were highlighted during the studied period, showing the impact of the seasonal effect on essential oil compositions. Biological activities of the produced essential oils were also investigated. Essential oils exhibited high insecticidal activities against Sitophilus granarius, as well as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and moderate anti-plasmodial properties.

scholarly journals The response of Hymenocrater longiflorus to water stress and proline application under in vitro cultivation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Saed-Moucheshi ◽  
Ali Akbar Mozafari
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Wild Plant Species ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Metabolite Synthesis

Abstract Hymenocrater longiflorus Benth. (surahalala) is a wild plant species having properties to be categorized as both pharmaceutical and ornamental plants. To date, the genomics of this plant is unknown and the gene expression profiling of the genes related to its metabolite has never been studied before. In order to study the responses of surahalala plant grown under in vitro conditions to abiotic stresses and the deferential expressions of the genes related to its essential oils under exogenous proline application; three levels of PEG6000 (0, 10, and 20%) and five levels of proline (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 µM) were applied in mixture with its culture medium. Accordingly, induced water deficit increased oxidant levels while decreased fresh weight of surahalala tissues; whereas, application of proline up to 15 µM was able to relatively compensate the negative effect of water deficit. Contrarily, high proline level (20 µM) showed negative effect surahalala plants which is probably due to the stress simulation (nutrition) in this plant under high proline concentration. Since PEG and proline applications increased essential oil contents, the best combination of proline and PEG treatment in the surahalala plant for achieving the highest content of its essential oils were 10 µM and 10% levels, respectively. The expression profiles of TPS27, L3H, TPS2, TPS1, OMT and GDH3 in this plant were successfully carried out and the results verified the involvement of these genes in 1,8-cineole, carvone, α-pinene, thymol, estragole, and β-Citronellol biosynthesis, respectively. In addition, our results indicated that these genes could get involved in the other metabolite synthesis under water deficit conditions.

scholarly journals Deciphering Substrate-Specific Methane Yields of Perennial Herbaceous Wild Plant Species

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Moritz von Cossel ◽  
Lorena Agra Pereira ◽  
Iris Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Wild Plant Species ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Bioenergy Cropping Systems

The global demand for plant biomass to provide bioenergy and heat is continuously increasing because of a growing interest among many industrialized and developing countries towards climate sound and renewable energy supply. The exacerbation of land-use conflicts proliferates social-ecological demands on future bioenergy cropping systems. Perennial herbaceous wild plant mixtures (WPMs) represent an approach to providing social-ecologically more sustainably produced biogas substrate that has gained increasing public and political interest only in recent years. The focus of this study lies on three perennial wild plant species (WPS) that usually dominate the biomass yield performance of WPM cultivation. These WPS were compared with established biogas crops in terms of their substrate-specific methane yield (SMY) and lignocellulosic composition. The plant samples were investigated in a small-scale mesophilic discontinuous biogas batch test for determining the SMY. All WPS were found to have significantly lower SMY (241.5–248.5 lN kgVS−1) than maize (337.5 lN kgVS−1). This was attributed to higher contents of lignin (9.7–12.8% of dry matter) as well as lower contents of hemicellulose (9.9–11.5% of dry matter) in the WPS. Only minor, non-significant differences to cup plant and Virginia mallow were observed. Thus, when planning WPS as a diversification measure in biogas cropping systems, their lower SMY should be considered.

scholarly journals Neglected and Underutilized Plant Species (NUS) from the Apulia Region Worthy of Being Rescued and Re-Included in Daily Diet

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Aurelia Scarano ◽  
Teodoro Semeraro ◽  
Marcello Chieppa ◽  
Angelo Santino
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Nutritional Security ◽  
Apulia Region ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Wild Plant Species ◽  
Market Requirements ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Security Challenge

Neglected and underutilized species (NUS) are cultivated, semi-domesticated, or wild plant species, not included in the group of the major staple crops, since, in most cases, they do not meet the global market requirements. As they often represent resilient species and valuable sources of vitamins, micronutrients, and other phytochemicals, a wider use of NUS would enhance sustainability of agro-systems and a choice of nutritious foods with a strategic role for addressing the nutritional security challenge across Europe. In this review, we focused on some examples of NUS from the Apulia Region (Southern Italy), either cultivated or spontaneously growing species, showing interesting adaptative, nutritional, and economical potential that can be exploited and properly enhanced in future programs.

scholarly journals Influence of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Two Terrestrial Wild Plant Species

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Daniel Lizzi ◽  
Alessandro Mattiello ◽  
Alessio Adamiano ◽  
Guido Fellet ◽  
Emanuele Gava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Wild Plant Species ◽  
Leaf Tissues

Most current studies on the relationships between plans and engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are focused on food crops, while the effects on spontaneous plants have been neglected so far. However, from an ecological perspective, the ENMs impacts on the wild plants could have dire consequences on food webs and ecosystem services. Therefore, they should not be considered less critical. A pot trial was carried out in greenhouse conditions to evaluate the growth of Holcus lanatus L. (monocot) and Diplotaxis tenuifolia L. DC. (dicot) exposed to cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2). Plants were grown for their entire cycle in a substrate amended with 200 mg kg−1nCeO2 having the size of 25 nm and 50 nm, respectively. nCeO2 were taken up by plant roots and then translocated towards leaf tissues of both species. However, the mean size of nCeO2 found in the roots of the species was different. In D. tenuifolia, there was evidence of more significant particle aggregation compared to H. lanatus. Further, biomass variables (dry weight of plant fractions and leaf area) showed that plant species responded differently to the treatments. In the experimental conditions, there were recorded stimulating effects on plant growth. However, nutritional imbalances for macro and micronutrients were observed, as well.

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