Chemical Composition of Essential Oil from Flowers of Five Fragrant Dendrobium (Orchidaceae)

A detailed chemical composition of Dendrobium essential oil has been only reported for a few main species. This article is the first to evaluate the essential oil composition, obtained by steam distillation, of five Indian Dendrobium species: Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl., Dendrobium harveyanum Rchb.f., and Dendrobium wardianum R.Warner (section Dendrobium), Dendrobium amabile (Lour.) O’Brien, and Dendrobium chrysanthum Wall. ex Lindl. (section Densiflora). We investigate fresh flower essential oil obtained by steam distillation, by GC/FID and GC/MS. Several compounds are identified, with a peculiar distribution in the species: Saturated hydrocarbons (range 2.19–80.20%), organic acids (range 0.45–46.80%), esters (range 1.03–49.33%), and alcohols (range 0.12–22.81%). Organic acids are detected in higher concentrations in D. chrysantum, D. wardianum, and D. harveyanum (46.80%, 26.89%, and 7.84%, respectively). This class is represented by palmitic acid (13.52%, 5.76, and 7.52%) linoleic acid (D. wardianum 17.54%), and (Z)-11-hexadecenoic acid (D. chrysantum 29.22%). Esters are detected especially in species from section Dendrobium, with ethyl linolenate, methyl linoleate, ethyl oleate, and ethyl palmitate as the most abundant compounds. Alcohols are present in higher concentrations in D. chrysantum (2.4-di-tert-butylphenol, 22.81%), D. chrysotoxum (1-octanol, and 2-phenylethanol, 2.80% and 2.36%), and D. wardianum (2-phenylethanol, 4.65%). Coumarin (95.59%) is the dominant compound in D. amabile (section Densiflora) and detected in lower concentrations (range 0.19–0.54%) in other samples. These volatile compounds may represent a particular feature of these plant species, playing a critical role in interacting with pollinators.

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INFLUENCE OF HARVESTING TIME ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF ABIES KOREANA TWIGS

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i12.15056 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 205

Author(s):

Min Seo ◽

Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan ◽

Songmun Kim

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Bornyl Acetate ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Harvesting Time ◽

Abies Koreana ◽

Essential Oil Yield

Objective: In the present study, the influence of harvesting time (April, June, August and October 2015) on the essential oil composition of Abies koreana twigs from Korea was investigated.Methods: The essential oil from the twigs of A. koreana was isolated by steam distillation and its chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Results: The essential oil yield was found to vary from 0.76 to 1.20% depending on the month of harvesting. The GC-MS analysis revealed the identification of 26 different essential oil components from the twigs harvested in the months of April, June, August and October, which were mostly monoterpene hydrocarbons (57.63–72.38%) followed by oxygenated monoterpenes (18.82–25.96%). Harvesting time mainly influenced on the concentration of the major components of the essential oil from the twigs of A. koreana. Limonene (17.38–31.13%), bornyl acetate (13.22–21.17%), camphene (12.56–13.26%), α-pinene (11.05–13.02%), β-pinene (4.55–5.70%), 3-carene (5.21–6.43%) and β-eudesmol (1.49–8.24%) were detected as the major components in the essential oil.Conclusion: The main differences between the essential oil compositions of four different months can be referred to limonene and bornyl acetate. The results showed considerable variations in the composition of essential oil, particularly quantitative variation during different harvesting months.

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Essential Oil Composition of Centaurea sempervirens L. (Asteraceae)

International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research ◽

10.25258/ijpapr.v9i1.8044 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Belbache Hanene ◽

Mechehoud Youcef ◽

Chalchat Jean-Claude ◽

Figueredo Gilles ◽

Chalard Pierre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Oil Composition ◽

First Report ◽

Oxygenated Compounds ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Total Oil

The essential oil of the aerial parts of Centaurea sempervirens L. (Asteraceae), synonym : Cheirolophus sempervirens (L.) Pomel, was obtained by steam distillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. 30 components were identified corresponding to 78.5% of the total oil. Among the identified constituents, oxygenated compounds represented 33.4%, from which 21.2% were hydrocarbons, 10.7% were sesquiterpenes. The non oxygenated compounds were hydrocarbons (9.8%). Phthalates represented 35.3% of the total oil. The major components were 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one (12.4%) and epi-torilenol (5.1%). This is the first report on the chemical composition of the essential oil of this species.

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Chemical Composition of the Essential Oils From Leaves and Flowers of Passiflora sexocellata and Passiflora trifasciata

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x211007691 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 1934578X2110076

Author(s):

Francesco Saverio Robustelli della Cuna ◽

Annalisa Giovannini ◽

Luca Braglia ◽

Cristina Sottani ◽

Elena Grignani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Analytical Procedure ◽

Critical Role ◽

Volatile Fraction ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Total Oil ◽

First Time

The chemical composition of the essential oils of Passiflora sexocellata and Passiflora trifasciata (Passifloraceae, subgenus Decaloba) were studied for the first time. Essential oils were obtained by steam distillation of fresh leaves and flowers. The chemical composition was assessed by using GC/FID and GC/MS. For P. sexocellata leaves, the optimized analytical procedure allowed the identification of 33 compounds (75% of the total oil composition) and 29 (74% of the total oil composition) in flowers. Regarding P. trifasciata, 35 compounds (76% of the total oil composition) were detected in leaves and 32 (71% of the total oil composition) in flowers. Terpenes and mono unsaturated hydrocarbons were quantified as major constituents of the volatile fraction in flowers (17.0 to 52.6%) and (13.7 to 20.0%). Organic acids were detected in both leaves and flowers with a percentage ranging from 3.3% to 32.0%. Aldehydes were also detected in leaves (12.6 to 41.4%) and in flowers (1.4 to 5.1%). The GC/MS analyzes allowed alcohols to be detected in leaves (20.6 to 42.9%) and in flowers (8.2 to 18.1%). These compounds represent the most important feature of the large Passiflora family. Moreover, a critical role in the coevolved mechanisms of pollinators' interaction has been investigated.

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Characterization of the Essential oil of the Bat-Pollinated Passiflora mucronata

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1801301236 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 1934578X1801301

Author(s):

Francesco Saverio Robustelli della Cuna ◽

Jacopo Calevo ◽

Annalisa Giovannini ◽

Cinzia Boselli ◽

Aldo Tava

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Critical Role ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Ethyl Esters ◽

Volatile Fraction ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Ethyl Palmitate ◽

Detailed Chemical

The genus Passiflora is an important source of food, therapeutic substances and for the horticultural economy. In the last decades, a detailed chemical composition of the essential oil of Passiflora species has been reported, but only for few species, mainly of agricultural interest, although little attention has been paid to chiropterophilous Passifloraceae, such as P. mucronata. The present study is focused on analyzing the essential oil composition of P. mucronata, a Brazilian bat-pollinated species. From GC/FID and GC/MS analyses of the volatile fraction from fresh flowers and leaves, hydrocarbons were quantified as 47.9% and 42.8% of the total volatiles of flowers and leaves, respectively, esters for 50.8% in flowers and 6.4% in leaves, and alcohols 38.2% and 0.3% of the total volatiles from leaves and flowers, respectively. Other classes of compounds, such as monoterpenes and aldehydes, together with phytol, were detected in higher concentration in leaves compared with flowers. The higher content of methyl and ethyl esters of long chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, i.e. ethyl linolenate (38.3%), methyl linolenate (7.0%) and ethyl palmitate (3.6%), were the most representative suggesting that esters might play a critical role for fertilization of P. mucronata acting as bat attractors.

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Variation of essential oil composition of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (myrtaceae) from the Montengero coastline

Acta periodica technologica ◽

10.2298/apt1041151g ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 151-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Slavenko Grbovic ◽

Dejan Orcic ◽

Maria Couladis ◽

Emilija Jovin ◽

Dusan Bugarin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Oxygenated Monoterpenes ◽

Sesquiterpene Alcohol ◽

Major Class ◽

Leaf Essential Oil

In the current study the essential oil obtained from the leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis plants collected from five localities of the Montenegro coastline was analyzed. The oil yield varied from 0.63 % (Kotor) up to 1.59% (Tivat). The chemical composition of the leaf essential oil was analyzed using GC-MS technique. Monoterpene hydrocarbons were a major class of compounds. Among them, dominant compounds were p-cymene (17.38-28.60%), ?-phellandrene (12.35-14.47%) and ?-pinene (0.94-11.48%). The second largest group was oxygenated monoterpenes with cryptone (4.97-7.25) and terpinene-4-ol (2.75-4.21%) as predominant. Besides high content of sesquiterpene alcohol spathulenol (7.83-14.15%) was found. According to the results obtained E. camaldulensis from Montenegro can be classified in the chemotype with low 1,8-cineole and high p-cymene and cryptone ratio.

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Essential Oil Composition ofPinus peuceGriseb. Needles and Twigs from Two National Parks of Kosovo

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2016/5393079 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Avni Hajdari ◽

Behxhet Mustafa ◽

Dashnor Nebija ◽

Hyrmete Selimi ◽

Zeqir Veselaj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

National Park ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Geographical Variations

The principal aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition and qualitative and quantitative variability of essential oils obtained from seven naturally grown populations of thePinus peuceGrisebach, Pinaceae in Kosovo. Plant materials were collected from three populations in the Sharri National Park and from four other populations in the Bjeshkët e Nemuna National Park, in Kosovo. Essential oils were obtained by steam distillation and analyzed by GC-FID (Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). The results showed that the yield of essential oils (v/wdry weight) varied depending on the origin of population and the plant organs and ranged from 0.7 to 3.3%. In total, 51 compounds were identified. The main compounds wereα-pinene (needles: 21.6–34.9%; twigs: 11.0–24%),β-phellandrene (needles: 4.1–27.7; twigs: 29.0–49.8%), andβ-pinene (needles: 10.0–16.1; twigs: 6.9–20.7%). HCA (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) and PCA (Principal Component Analyses) were used to assess geographical variations in essential oil composition. Statistical analysis showed that the analyzed populations are grouped in three main clusters which seem to reflect microclimatic conditions on the chemical composition of the essential oils.

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Variation of essential oil composition of fruits of Zanthoxylum leprieurii Guill. et Perr (Rutaceae) from different sample locations and during their maturation period

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences ◽

10.4314/ijbcs.v14i2.25 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 626-637

Author(s):

Yoro Tine ◽

Alioune Diallo ◽

William Diatta ◽

Idrissa Ndoye ◽

Rokhya Sylla Guèye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Sickle Cell Anaemia ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Maturity Stage ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Volatile Composition ◽

Maturation Period ◽

Chemical Variability

The fruits of Zanthoxylum leprieurii Guill. & Perr. (Rutaceae) are traditionally used in Africa, particularly in Cameroon, as a spice and in the treatment of sickle cell anaemia. The objective of this study was to investigate the fruit essential oils from different sample locations and during their maturation period by using GC and GC-MS. Except for one sample collected in Aniak which consisted mainly of oxygenated monoterpenes, the volatile composition of Z. leprieurii fruits exhibited relative high amounts of monoterpene hydrocarbons (61.1-90.9%) such as (E)-β-ocimene (13.4-75.2%) and a-pinene (1.1-40.7%). The influence of the maturity stage on the chemical composition of the essential oils has resulted in an increase of oil yield and variations in the content of volatile compounds (a-pinene 13.3-75.6; (E)-β-ocimene 2.9-64.0%). Keywords: Senegal, Zanthoxylum leprieurii fruits, essential oil, chemical variability, stage of maturity and GC-MS.

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Essential Oil Composition of the Different Parts of Eryngium aquifolium from Spain

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1000500529 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jesús Palá-Paúl ◽

Jaime Usano-Alemany ◽

Joseph J. Brophy ◽

María J. Pérez-Alonso ◽

Ana-Cristina Soria

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Volatile Composition ◽

Percentage Composition ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Germacrene D ◽

Different Parts

The essential oils from the different parts [inflorescences (E.a.I), stems + leaves (E.a.SL) and roots (E.a.R)] of E. aquifolium Cav. gathered in Cádiz (Spain), have been extracted by steam distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Quantitative and qualitative differences have been found between the analyzed plant parts. A total of 107 compounds have been identified. The main constituents were germacrene D (30.3%) and sesquicineole (26.7%) for E.a.I fraction, germacrene D (46.0%) and myrcene (13.8%) in the E.a.SL, while E.a.R showed phyllocladene isomer (63.6%) as a unique major compound. The percentage composition of the other constituents was lower than 5.5% in all the analyzed fractions. In agreement with other Eryngium species, no specific compound could be used as a marker for the chemotaxonomy of E. aquifolium. However, similarities in volatile composition were found between E. aquifolium and other species growing under similar environmental conditions. As far as we know, this is the first report on the essential oil of this species.

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Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Aerial Parts and Ripe Fruits of Echinophora spinosa (Apiaceae) from Italy

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1300800431 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 1934578X1300800

Author(s):

Daniele Fraternale ◽

Salvatore Genovese ◽

Donata Ricci

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Intestinal Microflora ◽

Central Italy ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Eubacterium Limosum

The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils obtained from the flowering aerial parts and ripe fruits of Echinophora spinosa L. (Apiaceae) from central Italy were analyzed by GC/MS. The major constituents of the oil from the aerial parts were β-phellandrene (34.7%), myristicin (16.5%), δ3-carene (12.6%), α-pinene (6.7%) and α-phellandrene (6.2%), and of the oil from the ripe fruits p-cymene (50.2%), myristicin (15.3%), α-pinene (15.1%) and α-phellandrene (8.1%). The two oils showed good antimicrobial activity against Clostridium difficile, C perfringens, Enterococcus faecalis, Eubacterium limosum, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Candida albicans with MIC values respectively of 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 2.25, and 0.50%, v/v, and 0.13, 0.13, 0.13, 0.13, 2.25, 0.50%, v/v, for aerial parts and ripe fruits respectively. A less significant antimicrobial activity against bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, very important in the intestinal microflora, was also detected, with MIC values higher than 4.0%, v/v.

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Effects of applied nitrogen fertiliser on the chemical composition of the essential oil of three Leptospermum spp

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9900681 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 681 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

E Diatloff

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Native Species ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Native Plants ◽

Optimal Level ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Oil Components ◽

Oil Density ◽

Infertile Soils

Three native species of Leptospermum (L. petersonii, L. Flavescens, L. luehmannii) were grown in an amended podsolic soil under 4 nitrogen (N) levels, 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg Nha, supplied as NH4N03. Plants were harvested after 16 weeks growth, leaves were separated from stems, and essential oil was distilled from leaves by steam distillation. Extracted oils were analysed for their components by gas chromatography. Oil density from L. petersonii was also determined. Growth and oil yield of the 3 Leptospermum species showed no response to N fertilisation. However, the oil composition in L. petersonii and L. flavescens leaves was affected. The greatest response was in the geranial and citronella1 contents in L. petersonii, which peaked in the 40 kg N/ha treatment. This is the first known report of the manipulation of essential oil composition of Australian native plants by N fertilisation. The low optimal level of N fertiliser required for maximum production of valuable oil components indicates that Leptospermum spp. are suitable for infertile soils. The low �-pinene yield of L. luehmannii makes it unsuitable for commercial exploitation.

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