scholarly journals Molecular Authentication, Phytochemical Evaluation and Asexual Propagation of Wild-Growing Rosa canina L. (Rosaceae) Genotypes of Northern Greece for Sustainable Exploitation

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2634
Author(s):  
Eleni Maloupa ◽  
Eleftherios Karapatzak ◽  
Ioannis Ganopoulos ◽  
Antonis Karydas ◽  
Katerina Papanastasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Its2 Sequence ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Rosa Canina ◽  
Sustainable Exploitation

Dogroses belong to a taxonomically difficult genus and family and represent important phytogenetic resources associated with high ornamental, pharmaceutical-cosmetic and nutritional values, thus suggesting a potentially high exploitation merit. Triggered by these prospects, wild-growing Rosa canina populations of Greece were selected for investigation and evaluation of their potential for integrated domestication. We collected ripe rosehips from Greek native wild-growing populations (samples from seven genotypes) for phytochemical analysis (total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity and vitamin C content), leaf samples for DNA analysis using the ITS2 sequence (nine genotypes) and fresh soft-wood stem cuttings for propagation trials (seven genotypes). After evaluation of these materials, this study reports for the first-time distinct DNA-fingerprinted genotypes from Greece with interesting phytochemical profiles mainly in terms of Vitamic C content (up to 500.22 ± 0.15 mg of ascorbic acid equivalents/100 g of sample) as well as effective asexual propagation protocols for prioritized R. canina genotypes via cuttings. The latter highlights the importance of the levels of external hormone application (2000 ppm of indole-3-butyric acid), the effect of season (highly-effective spring trials) and genotype-specific differences in rooting capacities of the studied genotypes. All inclusive, this study offers new artificially selected material of Greek native R. canina with a consolidated identity and interesting phytochemical profile. These materials are currently under ex-situ conservation for further evaluation and characterization in pilot field studies, thus facilitating its sustainable exploitation for applications in the agro-alimentary, medicinal-cosmetic, and ornamental sectors.

scholarly journals Sexual and Vegetative Propagation of Hypericum empetrifolium Willd. subsp. empetrifolium

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-287
Author(s):  
Anastasia AKOUMIANAKI-IOANNIDOU ◽  
Ekaterini GERASIMIDOU ◽  
Alexandra SALTA ◽  
Ioannis ROUSSIS ◽  
Dimitrios BILALIS
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties

Hypericum empetrifolium Willd. subsp. empetrifolium is an evergreen small shrub with small elongated decorative leaves and small yellow flowers in inflorescences, characterized for several pharmaceutical properties. In the present study, a first approach on the sexual and asexual propagation of this species was performed. Seeds, subjected to different types of pre-treatments [soaked in tap water; 50, 100 or 150 mg L-1 GA3 for 30 min and no treatment (control)], cultured for germination in petri dishes at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C. Seed germination was only affected by temperature and the best result was obtained at 15 °C (71.2%). A significant interaction was found between pre-treatments and incubation temperature with the highest germination percentage (82%) occurred when the seeds soaked in 100 mg L-1 GA3 solution for 30 min and incubated at 20 °C constant temperature. Moreover, the germination speed was fastest from 20 to 25 °C (T50= 9.84 and 9.56 days for 20 and 25 °C, respectively). For asexual propagation, apical stem cuttings were taken at four different periods (4 seasons) and treated with IBA at concentrations of 0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg L-1. The cuttings were planted in a peat/perlite mixture 1:1 v/v in plastic square plug trays in order to study the rooting percentage. Winter was the most appropriate season for cuttings collection (100% rooting percentage) and dipping in 1000 or 2000 mg L-1 IBA (72% and 73%, respectively) was the best rooting hormone treatment.

scholarly journals GIS-Facilitated Effective Propagation Protocols of the Endangered Local Endemic of Crete Carlina diae (Rech. f.) Meusel and A. Kástner (Asteraceae): Serving Ex Situ Conservation Needs and Its Future Sustainable Utilization as an Ornamental

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1465
Author(s):  
Katerina Grigoriadou ◽  
Virginia Sarropoulou ◽  
Nikos Krigas ◽  
Eleni Maloupa ◽  
Georgios Tsoktouridis
Keyword(s):  
Added Value ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Sustainable Utilization ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Sustainable Exploitation ◽  
Local Endemic ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Shoot Propagation

Conservation and sustainable exploitation of threatened endemic plants with medicinal and/or horticultural/ornamental value can be achieved through the development of effective propagation protocols. After unveiling the bioclimatic preferences of Carlina diae (Asteraceae) with geographic information systems (GIS), four propagation trials were conducted using seeds of this endangered local Cretan endemic for in vivo and in vitro germination, as well as seasonal vegetative propagation trials (softwood cuttings) and micropropagation (nodal explants). Seed germination was accomplished at a level of 77–90% in vivo (30 days) and 96% in vitro (10 days) using an MS medium with 2.9 μM gibberellic acid (GA3). The optimum treatments for cuttings’ rooting were 1000 and 2000 ppm indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (11–16 roots, 2–3 cm long, 100% rooting) within 40 days in mist. In vitro shoot propagation exhibited a 2.8 proliferation rate after six successive subcultures on an MS medium with 2.9 μM GA3. Both ex vitro rooting and acclimatization were successful in 40 days, with 96% microshoot rooting and an equal survival rate. The GIS-facilitated effective species-specific propagation protocols developed in this study can consolidate the perspective of successful re-introduction of ex situ-raised material of C. diae into wild habitats and may serve its sustainable exploitation for high-added value ornamental products.

Willow colonization of Rocky Mountain mires

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom R. Cottrell
Keyword(s):  
Root Biomass ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Sexual Propagation

Salixplanifolia Pursh ssp. planifolia and Salixmonticola Bebb are the dominant willow species of Colorado Rocky Mountain willow carrs. Extensive field observations suggest that neither of these species is capable of sexual propagation under continuous sedge cover on peat soils. Growth experiments using willow stem cuttings in pots of saturated peat soil indicate that S. planifolia produces more root biomass (p = 0.0031) and shoot biomass (p = 0.0001) than S. monticola during one summer of growth. Male 5. planifolia and female S. monticola produce more dry-weight root (p = 0.0390) and shoot (p = 0.0442) biomass than their conspecific opposite sex. A species by sex by elevation interaction is significant for root biomass (p = 0.0360). The results are suggestive that these taxa have different regeneration niches. Asexual propagation driven by beaver activity is suggested as an explanation for the dominance of s. planifolia in mires and how this species colonizes vegetated peat soils. Beaver cut and store willow stems for a winter food source. This activity provides willow fragments for asexual colonization of mires.

scholarly journals Sexual and Asexual Propagation of Teucrium brevifolium

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia AKOUMIANAKI–IOANNIDOU ◽  
Aikaterini GERASIMIDOU ◽  
Alexandra SALTA
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Different Types

The propagation with seeds and stem cuttings of Teucrium brevifolium were investigated in order to facilitate the use of the species in floricultural practice and as a medicinal plant. The seeds after they subjected to different types of treatments (dipping in H2SO4 for 15 min or in H2SO4 for 15 min and GA3 1000 mg l-1 for 10 min, 24 or 48h and untreated) cultured for germination in vitro at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C. The cuttings were planted in a peat/perlite mixture 1:1 v/v in plastic square plug trays in order to study the rooting percentage. Seed germination was very low (2%) at temperatures of 15-25 °C, while chemical treatment with the concentrated H2SO4 for 15 min, increased germination to 8-10% at the same temperatures. Asexual propagation of the species resulted in a 52.5-61.5% rooting percentage, in all seasons except winter. Treatment with IBA 2000 mg l-1 increaseds rooting percentage.

scholarly journals Prophylactic Treatments of Cycas Stem Wounds Influence Vegetative Propagation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 194008292092059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Marler ◽  
Benjamin E. Deloso ◽  
Gil N. Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Petroleum Jelly ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Open Wound ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Pruning Wound ◽  
Modeling Clay ◽  
Parenchyma Tissue

Cycad stem cuttings will develop adventitious roots if the open wound is first treated with a sealant to protect the exposed parenchyma tissue. The commercial pruning wound sealant that is often employed for this purpose is not available in many locations. We used commonly available products as a prophylactic sealant on Cycas edentata , Cycas micronesica , and Cycas nitida cuttings to determine efficacy for sealing the wound and enabling adventitious root formation. Success was quantified after 7 months in a sand propagation substrate. Mortality was 100% for control cuttings with no wound sealant and about 60% for cuttings with candle wax as the sealant. Cuttings that received petroleum jelly, lanolin paste, modeling clay, honeycomb wax, or commercial pruning sealant exhibited 100% survival. Success in adventitious root formation ranged from 75% to 92% among the five successful prophylactic treatments and did not differ among the species. The results indicated that four of the products we evaluated were as effective as commercial pruning sealant for treating the exposed parenchyma on Cycas stem cuttings and enabling asexual propagation success. The candle wax was less effective because it was brittle and cracked to expose the stem’s parenchyma tissue.

scholarly journals The conservation status of West Indian palms (Arecaceae)

Oryx ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Zona ◽  
Raúl Verdecia ◽  
Angela Leiva Sánchez ◽  
Carl E. Lewis ◽  
Mike Maunder
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
West Indian ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Conservation Projects ◽  
Data Deficient

AbstractThe conservation status of 134 species, subspecies and varieties of West Indian palms (Arecaceae) is assessed and reviewed, based on field studies and current literature. We find that 90% of the palm taxa of the West Indies are endemic. Using the IUCN Red List categories one species is categorized as Extinct, 11 taxa as Critically Endangered, 19 as Endangered, and 21 as Vulnerable. Fifty-seven taxa are classified as Least Concern. Twenty-five taxa are Data Deficient, an indication that additional field studies are urgently needed. The 11 Critically Endangered taxa warrant immediate conservation action; some are currently the subject of ex situ and in situ conservation projects in the region’s botanical gardens. We recommend that preliminary conservation assessments be made of the 25 Data Deficient taxa so that conservation measures can be implemented for those facing imminent threats.

scholarly journals Greek Tulips: Worldwide Electronic Trade over the Internet, Global Ex Situ Conservation and Current Sustainable Exploitation Challenges

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Nikos Krigas ◽  
Christos Lykas ◽  
Ioannis Ipsilantis ◽  
Theodora Matsi ◽  
Stina Weststrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Electronic Trade ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Phytogenetic Resources

From an ornamental viewpoint, tulips are famous clonally propagated crops. This research focuses on 15 wild-growing Greek tulip species including 11 range-restricted species, i.e., six Greek endemics and five Balkan or Aegean endemics and subendemics, among which seven are currently threatened with extinction (two Critically Endangered, three Endangered and two Vulnerable). An overview of the global electronic trade over the internet is presented herein for these valuable phytogenetic resources in an attempt to define the extent of their commercialization (25 nurseries in three countries, mainly bulb trade at various prices) with concomitant conservation implications. In the frame of the repatriation initiatives launched, their global ex situ conservation is overviewed according to the PlantSearch facility of the Botanic Gardens Conservation International (materials from 15 species stored in 41 botanic gardens of 14 countries). The results of this study on the Greek tulips showed that there are both well-established value chains and gaps in the market regarding the “botanical tulips”; revealed the compromised effectiveness of ex situ conservation for the majority of them; raised conservation concerns related to authorized access to these wild phytogenetic resources; and indicated that their future utilization should comply with the provision of national and international legislation. All these are envisaged and discussed within the framework of the newly launched research project TULIPS.GR which aims to be the pilot establishment of a national collection regarding all Greek tulips (currently holding 38 accessions of 13 species, including almost all of the threatened ones). The project’s scope is to enable the creation of a sustainable value chain for the Greek tulips with authorized collections, sustainable conservation schemes, production of DNA barcoded propagation material, species-specific propagation and cultivation protocols, mycorrhizal investigations, field studies, applying innovative precise soil/foliar fertigation, and investigation of the postharvest treatment of fresh cut flowers, promoting networking and synergies with producers and associations in Greece and abroad.

scholarly journals Propagation of Jasminum parkeri: A Critically Endangered Wild Ornamental Woody Shrub from Western Himalaya

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Ujala Kashyap ◽  
Anjali Chandel ◽  
Diksha Sharma ◽  
Sonali Bhardwaj ◽  
Bhavya Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Population Decline ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Western Himalaya ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Western Himalayas ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Primary Roots

Jasminum parkeri Dunn is a narrowly endemic, critically endangered woody ornamental shrub confined to sub-temperate zone of Western Himalayas, and rediscovered from its type locality after a lapse of about 100 years. In the present study, a propagation technique of J. parkeri, using stem cuttings, was established for the first time through application of auxins, namely, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), at varying concentrations ranging from 1000 to 4000 ppm. The highest rooting percentage (98.33% (85.68% ± 4.32)), number of primary roots (36), root length (29.68 cm) and survival percentage (96.67% (83.85% ± 6.16)) were recorded for cuttings treated with 3000 ppm NAA. The phenological comparison between pot plants propagated through seeds and stem cuttings in a naturally ventilated polyhouse revealed a reduction in vegetative and flowering phases in cutting raised plants. Additionally, a noteworthy adaptive behavior of two weeks of early flowering and four weeks of extended flowering (February to October) was observed in plants raised under polyhouse conditions. This method will help in protecting the species from population decline, thereby significantly increasing its potential to be harnessed as an ornamental plant in India. Furthermore, plants grown ex situ will be reintroduced in natural populations.

Primary seed dispersal by three Neotropical seed-predating primates (Cacajao melanocephalus ouakary, Chiropotes chiropotes and Chiropotes albinasus)

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 543-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian A. Barnett ◽  
Sarah A. Boyle ◽  
Liliam P. Pinto ◽  
Waldete C. Lourenço ◽  
Thais Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Seed Predators ◽  
Dispersal Potential ◽  
Dispersal Events ◽  
Chiropotes Albinasus ◽  
Cacajao Melanocephalus

Abstract:The Neotropics house two guilds of large arboreal vertebrate seed predators: parrots and the pitheciin primates. Both have diets dominated by immature fruits. The possibility of members of the Pitheciinae (genera Cacajao, Chiropotes and Pithecia) acting as occasional seed dispersers has been mooted, but not experimentally shown. We combined primate behavioural data and seed germination data from three separate field studies in the Brazilian states of Amazonas and Pará to analyse patterns of post-consumption seed survivorship for seeds discarded by three pitheciin species (Cacajao melanocephalus ouakary, Chiropotes chiropotes and Chiropotes albinasus). We then calculated the frequency of dispersal events for four species eaten by C. m. ouakary. All three primate species dropped intact seeds while feeding, and 30.7% of 674 dropped seeds germinated ex situ. Undamaged seeds from unripe and ripe samples germinated (29.3% and 42.7%, respectively), and all three primate species carried some fruits up to 20 m from the parent tree before consuming them. Potential seed-dispersal events varied from 1 (Macrolobium acaciifolium) per fruiting cycle to more than 6500 (Duroia velutina), suggesting that there are differences in dispersal potential. In summary, although they are highly specialized seed predators, these primates may also act as important dispersers for some plant species, and effective dispersal is not restricted to ripe fruits, as immature fruits removed from a tree may continue to mature and the seeds later germinate, a much-neglected aspect of dispersal ecology. The possibility that similar events occur in parrots should be experimentally investigated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document