scholarly journals Differing In Vitro Rooting and Flowering Responses of the Persian Violet to Low and High UV-C Irradiation

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2671
Author(s):  
Saowaros Phanomchai ◽  
Sompoch Noichinda ◽  
Yongsak Kachonpadungkitti ◽  
Kitti Bodhipadma
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Plant Tissue Cultures ◽  
Uv C

Persian violet flowers are considered esthetically attractive, leading to the high economic value of this plant. Plant breeding is fundamental to crop improvement, and the induction of mutation by tissue culture technology in combination with irradiation has been beneficially applied to generate plants with novel desirable characteristics. In this research, single or double rounds of UV-C irradiations were carried out on plant tissue cultures to initiate the in vitro rooting and mutation of Persian violets. It was found that single low-intensity UV-C exposure, when applied to Persian violet microshoots for 4 h, could induce the maximum number of roots and the highest root length without the use of a plant growth regulator. Overall, the single and double UV-C irradiation of Persian violet microshoots led to 44 different types of Persian violet flower mutations. Under single high-intensity UV-C irradiation for 6 h, up to nine petals were initiated, whereas single low-intensity UV-C irradiation did not influence the morphological variation of Persian violet flowers. Thus, Persian violet microshoots respond differently in terms of in vitro rooting and flowering depending on the UV-C intensity and exposure duration. These outcomes may be applied to micropropagation and in vitro plant breeding.

Analysis of laser-induced fluorescence spectra of in vitro plant tissue cultures

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 2138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Celia Muñoz-Muñoz ◽  
Humberto Gutiérrez-Pulido ◽  
José Manuel Rodríguez-Domínguez ◽  
Antonia Gutiérrez-Mora ◽  
Benjamín Rodríguez-Garay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Fluorescence Spectra ◽  
Laser Induced Fluorescence ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Plant Tissue Cultures ◽  
In Vitro Plant

Correlation of PCB Transformation by Plant Tissue Cultures with Their Morphology and Peroxidase Activity Changes

1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1497-1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Kučerová ◽  
Martina Macková ◽  
Ludmila Poláchová ◽  
Jiří Burkhard ◽  
Kateřina Demnerová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Transforming Activity ◽  
Plant Tissue Cultures ◽  
Transformation Capacity

The ability of plant cells cultivated in vitro to metabolize polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was correlated with the morphology of the cultures tested as models for phytoremediation studies. More differentiated cultures showed generally higher transformation capacity. The ability of plant cells to transform PCBs is connected to their viability in the presence of PCBs and their behaviour can be positively correlated with the production of intracellular and extracellular peroxidases. The cultures with high PCB-transforming activity proved to exhibit high peroxidase activity in the presence of PCBs while those with low ability to metabolize PCB showed a decrease of the enzyme activity in the presence of PCBs. Experiments with propylgallate were used to distinguish the ratio of involvement of peroxidases in PCB metabolism.

scholarly journals In vitro Degradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Using Plant Tissue Cultures ofSolanum aviculare andRheum palmatum

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nepovím ◽  
M. Hubálek ◽  
R. Podlipná ◽  
S. Zeman ◽  
T. Vanek
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
In Vitro Degradation ◽  
Plant Tissue Cultures

scholarly journals INDUCING THE IN VITRO ROOTING OF SAGO PALM (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) USING AUXIN

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Teuku Tajuddin ◽  
Karyanti . ◽  
Tati Sukarnih ◽  
Nadirman Haska
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Sago Palm ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Metroxylon Sagu

Tanaman sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) memiliki potensi yang besar sebagai sumber pangan, energi dan bahan baku industri. Kultur jaringan tanaman sagu telah dilakukan di Balai Pengkajian Bioteknologi BPPT dalam rangka perbanyakan genotipe atau aksesi unggul secara massal. Namun demikian, kendala utama yang dihadapi pada perbanyakan in vitro tanaman sagu adalah sulitnya pembentukan akar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kombinasi hormon yang tepat dalam menginduksi perakaran tanaman sagu in vitro. Tunas anakan muda (15-20 cm) yang diperoleh dari daerah Rangkasbitung, Provinsi Banten digunakan sebagai eksplan. Dalam penelitian ini perakaran in vitro diinduksi dengan berbagai perlakuan jenis dan konsentrasi hormon auksin, konsentrasi medium dan jenis agar. Sebagai medium dasar digunakan medium Gamborg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi IBA dan NAA yang terbaik adalah pada taraf 35 ppm. Selanjutnya Gelrite memberikan respon yang positif dengan munculnya perakaran pada pangkal eksplan.Kata Kunci: Induksi perakaran,  jenis agar, kultur in vitro, auksin, sagu ABSTRACTSago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb) has huge potential as food, energy and industrial bioresources. In vitro culture of sago palm was performed in Biotech Center, BPPT in order to obtain a large-scale of mass clonal propagation of superior genotypes. Nevertheless, the main obstacle for the sago palm in vitro propagation was rooting formation. The purpose of our study was to obtain the best hormones combination for root induction on sago palm shoots in vitro. The young suckers (15-20 cm) obtained from Rangkasbitung area, Banten Province, were used as explants. In our study, in vitro rooting was induced by different types and concentrations of auxin, medium strength and solidifying agents. The shoots were cultured on Gamborg media. The result showed that the best level of both hormones IBA and NAA for root induction was 35 ppm. Moreover the solidifying agent of Gelrite gave positive response by stimulating root at the basal-end.Keywords: Rooting induction, solidifying agent, in vitro cultures, auxin, sago palm

scholarly journals In vitro morphogenesis of Syngonanthus mucugensis Giul: subsp. mucugensis

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alone Lima-Brito ◽  
Sheila Vitória Resende ◽  
Carolina Oliveira de Cerqueira Lima ◽  
Bruno Matos Alvim ◽  
Claudia Elena Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Indirect Organogenesis ◽  
In Vitro Morphogenesis ◽  
Different Types

Syngonanthus mucugensis Giul. subsp. mucugensis is an herbaceous plant with significant economic value in the ornamental dry flower business. The restricted occurrence of the municipality Mucugê-BA, Brazil, exclusively associated with extractive exploitation, has considered this species as endangered. The objective of this work was to evaluate the organogenic potential of three different types of S. mucugensis subsp. mucugensis explants to promote the development of an alternative method to the propagation of the genetic resources of this important plant. The morphogenetic capacities of the leaf, stem and root this species was tested using Murashige and Skoog culture medium at half salt concentration and different concentrations of growth of regulators benzylaminopurine - BAP (0.00; 2.22 and 4.44 µM), and naphthalene acetic acid - NAA (0.00; 1.34 and 2.68 µM). The morphoanatomic events that lead to formation of shoots were described. Stems proved to be the best source of explants, showing 58.75% regeneration of shoot by direct organogenesis in the absence of growth regulators, and 32.18 and 47.55% of shoot regeneration by indirect organogenesis in the presence of 2.22 and 4.44 µM BAP, respectively. As for leaves, there was callus formation, but without regenerating shoots. Morphogenesis was not observed when roots were used as explants. The histological analyses showed that shoot regeneration in S. mucugensis subsp. mucugensis occurred both indirectly, by unorganized tissue differentiation, and directly through returning to merismatic activity in differentiated mature cells and preexisting bud proliferation.

scholarly journals Growth of Plant Tissue Cultures in Ultra-high Levels of Carbon Dioxide under Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Conditions

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 587e-587
Author(s):  
Brent Tisserat ◽  
Robert Silman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Natural Sunlight ◽  
Sterile Culture ◽  
Growth Modes ◽  
Plant Tissue Cultures ◽  
Culture Growth ◽  
Almost All

A comparative study was undertaken to determine the influence of lighting, carbohydrate concentrations and ultra-high levels of CO2, i.e., >10,000 ppm, on sterile culture growth. Past CO2-sterile studies have confirmed that elevation of CO2 to as high as 1000 ppm resulted in beneficial growth. Within special constructed chambers, tissue cultures were given a variety of CO2 levels for 12–16 hours/day using artificial lighting and natural sunlight. Several different plants (lettuce, beans, pine) and plant culture types were grown in CO2-enriched environments, ranging from 350 to 50,000 ppm. In almost all cases, plant tissue cultures not only tolerated but exhibited enhanced growth using ultra-high levels of CO2. For example, lettuce cultures were found to grow 2 to 4 times faster under ultra-high CO2. levels than under normal atmospheric CO2 levels, i.e., 350 ppm. Natural sunlight was found to be suitable for sterile culture growth. Modes of administration of CO2 in vitro and gas permeability of various culture vessels are presented.

scholarly journals Improved in vitro rooting and acclimatization of “Violetta” Artichoke and “Green Globe” Artichoke

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-145
Author(s):  
Hoang Dac Khai ◽  
Nguyen Thi Nhu Mai ◽  
Hoang Le Lan Anh ◽  
Nguyen Nhu Minh Nguyet ◽  
Ho Viet Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Globe Artichoke ◽  
Plantlet Production ◽  
Plantlet Quality ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.), a medicinal plant with high economic value, contains high levels of phenolic compounds; especially cynarine, which plays an important role in preventing cancer, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, diabetes and neurodegeneration, etc. Currently, Artichoke micropropagation has achieved some success; however, the rooting efficiency and plantlet quality are still limited. In this study, improving the quality of Artichoke plantlet related to the shoot quality and suitable substrates in in vitro rooting stage was studied on “Violetta” Artichoke (VA) and “Green Globe” Artichoke (GA). The results showed that shoots (1.5 cm) cultured on MS medium supplemented 0.5 mg/L KIN were most suitable to shoot multiplication of VA with the number of shoots/explant (3.67 shoots), number of shoots ≥ 2 cm (3 shoots); while, 1.0 mg/L BA was suitable to shoot multiplication of GA (5.33 shoots; 5.00 shoots; respectively) after 4 weeks of culture. Besides, the in vitro rooting was improved using 8 g/L commercial agar for VA; meanwwhile, 3 g/L gelrite for GA. In addition, the nylon bag culture system (120 mm × 250 mm) has potential in plantlet production (15 plants/bag) and can be applied for large scale micropropagation. In addition, VA and GA plantlets derived from in vitro culture gave the good acclimatization, growth and development after 8, 12 and 20 weeks cultivating at the green house conditions.

Plant Tissue Cultures in Genetics and Plant Breeding

1979 ◽  
pp. 127-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra K. Vasil ◽  
Mulkh R. Ahuja ◽  
Vimla Vasil
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Plant Tissue Cultures

GROWTH OF LETTUCE AND CAULIFLOWER TISSUES IN VITRO AND THEIR PRODUCTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL METABOLITES

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 785-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Campbell ◽  
E. C. S. Chan ◽  
W. G. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Mycobacterium Phlei ◽  
Proliferative Growth ◽  
Plant Tissue Cultures ◽  
Antimicrobial Metabolites ◽  
Medical Interest

Plant tissue cultures of cauliflower and lettuce were successfully established on semisolid White"s medium supplemented with coconut milk (20%) and naphthaleneacetic acid (5 p.p.m.). On this medium the tissues exhibited vigorous proliferative growth with no tendency for organogenesis. Ethanol–ether extracts of the stale medium of these tissues yielded an alcohol-insoluble fraction that was highly and consistently inhibitory for Staphylococcus aureus but variable in antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium phlei. The results suggest that in view of the progress in mass tissue culturing of plant cells in vitro, the use of cultured plant tissues should be explored for the production of antimicrobial principles of medical interest.

COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON NORMAL AND ON POLIOMYELITIS INFECTED TISSUE CULTURES: I. OBSERVATIONS ON SYNTHETIC NUTRIENT MIXTURES INCUBATEDWITH TISSUE CULTURES OF NORMAL KIDNEY

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-287
Author(s):  
Ernest Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Behavior

Illustrative examples are given of change in turbidity values of complete and incomplete media used for in vitro cultivation of rhesus monkey kidney tissue. Pools of routine material were examined. The main interest was focused on enzymes directly or indirectly connected with nucleic acid metabolism. The presence and behavior of acid and alkaline monoesterases, 5-nucleotidase, simple nucleotidases, two different types of ribonuclease, and two desoxyribonucleases are described and activity of other enzymes occasionally demonstrated. As a working hypothesis, the bearing of these findings on cell physiology and on pathology of poliomyelitis virus infection is discussed.

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