A Traditional Medicine Plant, Onopordum acanthium L. (Asteraceae): Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Research

For many years, plants have been used in the traditional medicine of different cultures. The biennial plant of the family Asteraceae, Onopordum acanthium L., also known as Scotch thistle, is used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and cardiotonic agent. The plant is widespread in the world; it grows in Europe and Asia and was introduced to America and Australia. Stems and buds of the first-year plant are used in cooking as an analogue of artichoke in European cuisine. Additionally, inflorescences contain a complex of proteolytic enzymes “onopordosin”, which may be used as a milk-clotting agent in the dairy industry. The chemical composition of the aerial part and roots of O. acanthium is represented by flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, lignans, triterpenoids, sesquiterpene lactones, and sterols. The anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and cardiotonic properties of the plant have been confirmed by pharmacological experiments with extracts and individual compounds using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo methods. This work is a review of information on the chemical composition and pharmacological studies of O. acanthium as a promising medicinal plant.

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Sesquiterpene Lactones: Promising Natural Compounds to Fight Inflammation

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13070991 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 991

Author(s):

Melanie S. Matos ◽

José D. Anastácio ◽

Cláudia Nunes dos Santos

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽

Physiological State ◽

Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽

Inflammatory Pathways ◽

Inflammatory State ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Molecules

Inflammation is a crucial and complex process that reestablishes the physiological state after a noxious stimulus. In pathological conditions the inflammatory state may persist, leading to chronic inflammation and causing tissue damage. Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are composed of a large and diverse group of highly bioactive plant secondary metabolites, characterized by a 15-carbon backbone structure. In recent years, the interest in SLs has risen due to their vast array of biological activities beneficial for human health. The anti-inflammatory potential of these compounds results from their ability to target and inhibit various key pro-inflammatory molecules enrolled in diverse inflammatory pathways, and prevent or reduce the inflammatory damage on tissues. Research on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of SLs has thrived over the last years, and numerous compounds from diverse plants have been studied, using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo assays. Besides their anti-inflammatory potential, their cytotoxicity, structure–activity relationships, and pharmacokinetics have been investigated. This review aims to gather the most relevant results and insights concerning the anti-inflammatory potential of SL-rich extracts and pure SLs, focusing on their effects in different inflammatory pathways and on different molecular players.

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Phytochemical composition and biological screening of two Lophophytum species

Boletin Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromaticas ◽

10.37360/blacpma.21.20.6.43 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 598-610

Author(s):

Carola A. Torres ◽

◽

Cristina M. Perez Zamora ◽

Hector A. Sato ◽

Maria B. Nuñez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Tree Roots ◽

In Vitro Methods ◽

Phytochemical Composition ◽

First Results ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Β Carotene

Lophophytum species are holoparasites that grow on tree roots. The objectives of the work were to explore the chemical composition of the tubers of two Lophophytum species and to analyze the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antilithiatic activity of their extracts using in vitro methods. The chemical composition was determined by histochemical, phytochemical and TLC tests. In addition, the profile of phenolic compounds was determined by HPLC-MS. The presence of secondary metabolites of recognized activity was demonstrated. The results of the HPLC-MS/MS allowed the tentative identification of catechin, luteolin and glycosides of eriodictyol, naringenin and luteolin in the extract of Lophophytum leandri and eriodictyol, naringenin, luteolin and their glycosylated derivatives in Lophophytum mirabile. The extracts showed promising antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS and β-carotene-linoleic acid), anti-inflammatory (inhibition of 5-LOX) and anti-urolytic (by bioautographic TLC) activity. It is noteworthy that these are the first results of the phytochemical composition and biological activity of L. mirabile. However, in vivo studies are required to corroborate these activities.

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Overview of Phytochemical Compounds and Pharmacological Activities of Ananas Comosus L. Merr

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2767 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 4760-4766

Author(s):

Hartati R ◽

Suarantika F ◽

Fidrianny I

Keyword(s):

Traditional Medicine ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Scientific Work ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Phytochemical Compounds ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Vitro Analysis

Ananas comosus L. Merr, known as pineapple, belongs to the Bromeliaceae family. This plant has been used as traditional medicine and continues until now in conventional herbal medicine. The pineapple was distributed in some countries such as China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and originated from South America. This article delved the scientific work about Ananas comosus focussing their usage as traditional medicine, chemical compounds and biological activities. All of the pieces of information were obtained from the scientific literature such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus and PubMed. Based on the literature survey,different parts of pineapple (Ananas comosus) are used in traditional medicine, used asan anti-inflammatory agent,anti-oedema, digestive disorder, antimicrobial, vermicide, and purgative. Phytochemical compounds from A. comosus have been provided, including ascorbic acid, quercetin, flavones-3-ol, flavones, and ferulic acid. The crude extracts of A. comosus have many pharmacological activities such as anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial. This discovery becomes possible due to scientific isolation and in vivo or in vitro analysis of A.comosus.

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Further Sesquiterpene Lactones from Viguiera robusta and the Potential Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Heliangolide: Inhibition of Human Neutrophil Elastase Release

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2008-7-811 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 63 (7-8) ◽

pp. 533-538 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Nilton S. Arakawa ◽

Karin Schorr ◽

Sérgio R. Ambrósio ◽

Irmgard Merfort ◽

Fernando B. Da Costa

Keyword(s):

Neutrophil Elastase ◽

Human Neutrophil ◽

Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽

Human Neutrophil Elastase ◽

Reference Drug ◽

Aggregation Factor ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Isolated Compound

In addition to known heliangolides, a new eudesmanolide was isolated from the leaf rinse extract of Viguiera robusta (Asteraceae). Structural elucidation was based on spectral analysis. It is the first report on eudesmanolides in members of the subgenus Calanticaria of Viguiera. In this work, the main isolated compound, the furanoheliangolide budlein A, besides its previously reported in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities, inhibited human neutrophil elastase release. The inhibition was at the concentration of (16.83± 1.96) μm for formylated bacterial tripeptide (fMLP) stimulation and (11.84±1.62) μm for platelet aggregation factor (PAF) stimulation, being slightly less active than the reference drug parthenolide. The results are important to demonstrate the potential anti-inflammatory activities of sesquiterpene lactones and corroborate the previous studies using other targets.

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Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory, Anti-pyretic, Analgesic, and Hepatoprotective Properties of Terminalia macroptera

Planta Medica International Open ◽

10.1055/a-1142-7072 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 07 (02) ◽

pp. e58-e67

Author(s):

Mahamane Haïdara ◽

Adama Dénou ◽

Mohamed Haddad ◽

Aïssata Camara ◽

Korotoumou Traoré ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traditional Medicine ◽

High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Traditional Healers ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Murine Models ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Anti Inflammatory

AbstractIn Mali, improved traditional medicines [“Médicaments Traditionnels Améliorés”] are prepared from traditionally used medicinal plants. Recently, the Department of Traditional Medicine has identified Terminalia macroptera Guill. & Perr. (Combretaceae) as a potential candidate for an improved traditional medicine. T. macroptera is a West African medicinal plant used in Mali against various health disorders, with more than 30 different indications mentioned by traditional healers, including hepatitis, gonorrhea, fever, pain relief, and various infectious diseases (Helicobacter pylori-associated diseases). To date, validation of most of the biological activities of has been mainly carried out in vitro, except for antimalarial activities. In this study, the potential anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and hepatoprotective properties of T. macroptera were investigated in different murine models. Administration of T. macroptera ethanolic root and leaf extracts in rats significantly reduced pyrexia, pain, inflammation, and hepatic marker enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase in the different murine models used (p<0.05). A phytochemical screening of T. macroptera revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, anthracene derivatives, sterols, triterpenes, and sugars in both leaf and root extracts as the main phytochemical compounds. This was confirmed by qualitative analysis, liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. T. macroptera extracts demonstrated interesting in vivo antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. Therefore, T. macroptera should be proposed and further evaluated as a potential improved traditional medicine for the treatment of liver-related disorders and for the relief of pain and fever.

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Thymus algeriensis and Thymus fontanesii: Chemical Composition, In Vivo Antiinflammatory, Pain Killing and Antipyretic Activities: A Comprehensive Comparison

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom10040599 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 599 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mansour Sobeh ◽

Samar Rezq ◽

Mohammed Cheurfa ◽

Mohamed A.O. Abdelfattah ◽

Rasha M.H. Rashied ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Docking Study ◽

Molecular Docking Study ◽

Thymus Algeriensis ◽

Comprehensive Comparison ◽

Cox 2 ◽

Anti Inflammatory

This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, and evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and the analgesic properties of methanol extracts from the leaves of Thymus algeriensis and Thymus fontanesii (Lamiaceae). Thirty-five secondary metabolites were characterized in both extracts using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS. Phenolic acids, mainly rosmarinic acid and its derivatives, dominated the T. algeriensis extract, while the phenolic diterpene carnosol and the methylated flavonoid salvigenin, prevailed in T. fontanesii extract. Molecular docking study was carried out to estimate the anti-inflammatory potential and the binding affinities of some individual secondary metabolites from both extracts to the main enzymes involved in the inflammation pathway. In vitro enzyme inhibitory assays and in vivo assays were used to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts. Results revealed that both studied Thymus species exhibited antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. They showed to be a more potent antioxidant than ascorbic acid and more selective against cyclooxygenase (COX-2) than diclofenac and indomethacin. Relatively, the T. fontanesii extract was more potent as COX-2 inhibitor than T. algeriensis. In conclusion, Thymus algeriensis and Thymus fontanesii may be interesting candidates for the treatment of inflammation and oxidative stress-related disorders.

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Potential Anti-inflammatory Sesquiterpene Lactones from Eupatorium lindleyanum

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0043-117742 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 84 (02) ◽

pp. 123-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Fang Wang ◽

Huanhuan Zhong ◽

Shiqi Fang ◽

Yunfeng Zheng ◽

Cunyu Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

2D Nmr ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Raw 264.7 Cells ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

In Vivo Experiments ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Eupatorium lindleyanum has traditionally been used as folk medicine in Asian countries for its therapeutic effects on tracheitis and tonsillitis. Investigation of the anti-inflammatory active constituents from E. lindleyanum led to the isolation of two novel sesquiterpene lactones, named eupalinolide L (1) and eupalinolide M (2), and seven known sesquiterpene lactones (3–9). The structures and configurations of the new compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, especially 2D NMR techniques. In vivo experiments showed that the sesquiterpenes fraction significantly reduced mouse ear edema induced by xylene (18.6%, p < 0.05). In in vitro assays, compounds 1–9 showed excellent anti-inflammatory activities, as they lowered TNF-α and IL-6 levels in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells (p < 0.001). The above results suggest that the sesquiterpene lactones from E. lindleyanum can be developed as novel potential natural anti-inflammatory agents.

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In-vitro antioxidant, Xanthine oxidase-inhibitory and in-vivo Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic activity of Onopordum acanthium

International Journal of Phytomedicine ◽

10.5138/09750185.2030 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 92 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sofiane Habibatni ◽

Abdessalam Fatma Zohra ◽

Hani Khalida ◽

Sirajudheen Anwar ◽

Iman Mansi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Xanthine Oxidase ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Antipyretic Activity ◽

Onopordum Acanthium ◽

Oxidase Inhibition ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition

Onopordum acanthium (Scotch thistle) belong to Asteraceae (Compositae). O. acanthium is a flowering biennial plant native to Europe and Western Asia with coarse spiny leaves 20-50 cm in width with conspicuous and spiny-winged stems. We have previously reported pro-apoptotic and cytotoxic effect of Onopordum acanthium crude extract against glioblastoma U-373 cells. The present study was designed to evaluate the cytotoxicity, antioxidant, xanthine oxidase inhibition, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic activity of butanolic extract of Onopordum acanthium. Cytotoxicity of different solvent (methanolic, butanol, chloroform and petroleum ether) extract studied by brine shrimp lethality bioassay, total flavonoid and phenolic, antioxidant, xanthine oxidase inhibition activity was studied by in-vitro whereas anti- inflammation studied by carrageenan-induced paw edema model, antipyretic with 20 % brew yeast injection induced pyretic model, analgesic with 1 % acetic acid induced analgesic model investigated in in-vivo in wistar rats. Good antioxidant activity was found with IC50 = 134.4 µg/ml with considerable amount of total phenolic and flavonoid content. Xanthine oxidase inhibition effect was weak with IC50 = 572.9 µg/ml. Oral administration of O. Acanthium butanolic extract (OA) showed minimum lethality of brine shrimp nauplii henceforth OA butanolic phases was selected for further in-vivo studies. OA 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight decreased the oedema by 37.78 % and 40.52 %, respectively; standard aspirin 100 mg/kg decreased 42.62 % at 5th hour of Carrageenan injection. OA 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly decreased acetic acid-induced abdominal writhes when compared to standard aspirin. OA have shown dose and time dependent decrease in body temperature in yeast induced pyrexia, comparable to standard, aspirin. The present results demonstrate that OA has notable anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic activity related to presence of phenolic compounds as from literature it has been demonstrated that isolated compounds from aerial parts of Onopordum acanthium had strong activity in in-vitro assay.

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Some Biological Properties of Curcumin: A Review

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0600100613 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1 (6) ◽

pp. 1934578X0600100 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Badreldin H. Ali ◽

Husnia Marrif ◽

Salwa A. Noureldayem ◽

Amel O. Bakheit ◽

Gerald Blunden

Keyword(s):

Proteolytic Enzymes ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Biological Properties ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Cycle Phase ◽

M Cell ◽

Small Molecular Weight ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Curcumin (diferuloyl methane), a small-molecular weight compound isolated from the roots of Curcuma longa L. (family Zingiberaceae), has been used traditionally for centuries in Asia for medicinal, culinary and other purposes. A large number of in vitro and in vivo studies in both animals and man have indicated that curcumin has strong antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, antispasmodic, antimicrobial, anti-parasitic and other activities. The mechanisms of some of these actions have recently been intensively investigated. Curcumin inhibits the promotion/ progression stage of carcinogenesis by induction of apoptosis and the arrest of cancer cells in the S, G2/M cell cycle phase. The compound inhibits the activity of growth factor receptors. The anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin are mediated through their effects on cytokines, lipid mediators, eicosanoids and proteolytic enzymes. Curcumin scavenges the superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide, and inhibits lipid peroxidation. These actions may be the basis for many of its pharmacological and therapeutic properties. Curcumin is a nutraceutical of low toxicity, which has been used successfully in a number of medical conditions that include cataracts, cystic fibrosis, and prostate and colon cancers.

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In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Benjakul: A Potential Medicinal Product from Thai Traditional Medicine

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/9760948 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Pranporn Kuropakornpong ◽

Arunporn Itharat ◽

Sumalee Panthong ◽

Seewaboon Sireeratawong ◽

Buncha Ooraikul

Keyword(s):

Traditional Medicine ◽

Water Extract ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Pge2 Production ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Strong Activity ◽

Edema Model ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Benjakul (BJK) is a Thai traditional remedy consisting of five plants: Piper chaba Hunt., Piper sarmentosum Roxb., Piper interruptum Opiz., Plumbago indica Linn., and Zingiber officinale Roscoe. It is used as a first-line drug to balance patient’s symptoms before other treatments. BJK ethanolic extract has been reported to show anti-inflammatory activity through various mediators, e.g., nitric oxide, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Therefore, BJK could serve as a potential novel anti-inflammatory herbal medicine. However, studies on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), one of the key mediators in acute inflammation, and anti-inflammation in animal models (in vivo) have not been done. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of BJK extract and some of its chemical compounds against PGE2 production in murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) cell line and two in vivo models of anti-inflammatory studies. Ethanolic extract of BJK (BJK[E]) showed high inhibitory activity against PGE2 production with an IC50 value of 5.82 ± 0.10 μg/mL but its water extract (BJK[W]) was inactive. Two chemicals from BJK[E], i.e., plumbagin and myristicin, which served as biological markers, showed strong activity with IC50 values of 0.08 ± 0.01 and 1.80 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. BJK[E] was administered both topically and orally to rats inhibited with inflammation induced by ethyl phenylpropiolate (rat ear edema model) and carrageenan (hind paw edema model). Moreover, the biological activity of BJK extract did not reduce after six-month storage under accelerated condition (40°C, 75% RH). This indicated its stability and a 24-month shelf-life under normal condition. These results supported not only the use of BJK in Thai traditional medicine but also the possibility of further development of phytopharmaceutical products from BJK.

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