scholarly journals Durum Wheat Grain Yield and Quality under Low and High Nitrogen Conditions: Insights into Natural Variation in Low- and High-Yielding Genotypes

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1636
Author(s):  
Sinda Ben Mariem ◽  
Jon González-Torralba ◽  
Concha Collar ◽  
Iker Aranjuelo ◽  
Fermín Morales
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Polyphenol Profile ◽  
Hoagland Nutrient Solution

The availability and management of N are major determinants of crop productivity, but N excessive use has an associated agro-ecosystems environmental impact. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of N fertilization on yield and grain quality of 6 durum wheat genotypes, selected from 20 genotypes as high- and low-yielding genotypes. Two N levels were applied from anthesis to maturity: high (½ Hoagland nutrient solution) and low (modified ½ Hoagland with one-third of N). Together with the agronomic characterization, grain quality analyses were assessed to characterize carbohydrates concentration, mineral composition, glutenin and gliadin concentrations, polyphenol profile, and anti-radical activity. Nitrogen supply improved wheat grain yield with no effect on thousand-grain weight. Grain soluble sugars and gluten fractions were increased, but starch concentration was reduced, under high N. Mineral composition and polyphenol concentrations were also improved by N application. High-yielding genotypes had higher grain carbohydrates concentrations, while higher concentrations in grain minerals, gluten fractions, and polyphenols were recorded in the low-yielding ones. Decreasing the amount of N to one-third ensured a better N use efficiency but reduced durum wheat agronomic and quality traits.

Mineral composition of durum wheat grain and pasta under increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations

2018 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romina Beleggia ◽  
Mariagiovanna Fragasso ◽  
Franco Miglietta ◽  
Luigi Cattivelli ◽  
Valeria Menga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Co2 Concentrations ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 Concentrations

Long term effects of tillage practices and N fertilization in rainfed Mediterranean cropping systems: durum wheat, sunflower and maize grain yield

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 166-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Seddaiu ◽  
Ileana Iocola ◽  
Roberta Farina ◽  
Roberto Orsini ◽  
Giuseppe Iezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Grain

YIELD, NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY AND GRAIN QUALITY IN DURUM WHEAT AS AFFECTED BY NITROGEN FERTILIZATION UNDER A MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENT

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANITA IERNA ◽  
GRAZIA MARIA LOMBARDO ◽  
GIOVANNI MAUROMICALE
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

SUMMARYLimited information is available concerning the influence of nitrogen fertilization jointly on yield response, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and grain quality of durum wheat under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions. The study focused on evaluating, through a systematic study, over three seasons in southern Italy the effects of three nitrogen fertilization rates (0, 80 and 160 kg N ha−1– N0, N80and N160), on grain yield, yield components, nitrogen efficiency indices and grain quality characteristics of three durum wheat genotypes (‘Creso’, ‘Trinakria’ and ‘Line 25’) from different breeding eras to achieve a more sustainable fertilization management of the durum wheat crop. We found that nitrogen fertilization at 80 kg N ha−1was able to maximize the yield performances (2.1 t ha−1year–1) of the crop and keep NUE index at an acceptable level (16.3 kg kg−1). On the other hand, nitrogen fertilization at 160 kg N ha−1improved grain quality measured through protein (up to 14.3%) and dry gluten concentration (up to 12.8%), but had a detrimental effect on grain yield and nitrogen efficiency. Among the genotypes studied, ‘Trinakria’ showed the greatest potential to utilize nitrogen fertilization to improve grain yield and NUE (at N80) and quality (at N160), ‘Line 25’ made good use of N80both for yield and quality, whereas ‘Creso’ proved wholly unresponsive to nitrogen. The effect of N fertilization on grain yield and N use efficiency depends on rainfall distribution, giving the best results when about 80% of total rainfall occurred from sowing to heading. Overall, our data show that in seasons with regular rainfall in quantity and distribution, combining no more than 80 kg ha−1of nitrogen fertilization with genotypes characterized by a more efficient response to nitrogen, is a useful tool to improve the agronomic and quality performance of the crop, ensuring, at the same time, a more environment-friendly nitrogen fertilization.

scholarly journals Nitrogen application rate and timing management for improved grain quality parameters of wheat crop

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (04) ◽  
pp. 1141-1153
Author(s):  
Gul Roz Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogen use efficiency under flood irrigation system is generally low (30%) in field crops, which is one of the fundamental factors of high production cost in the developing countries. Optimum rate and timing of N-application is otherwise important to harvest good quality grain for backing in the recent climate change scenario. Optimum N-rate (NAR) corresponds with the application timing (NAT) has resulted in good quality grains. Aim of the study was to focus on spring wheat grain quality and N use efficiency (NUE) with NAR {i.e., 0, 100, 120, 140 and 160 kg ha-1) and NAT (i.e., 100% at sowing (NAR1), 50% at sowing and 50% at tillering (NAT2), 25% at sowing, 50% at tillering and 25% at booting (NAT3) and 25% at sowing, 25% at tillering and 50% at booting (NAT4)}. Treatment impacts were investigated focusing grain yield, grain-N, and quality parameters (i.e., crude protein, gluten, amylose and amylopectin). Experiment was a randomized complete block, in three replications, conducted at Agronomy Res. Farm of the University of Agric. Peshawar in 2016-17 and repeated in 2017-18. Results showed the highest NUE in100 kg N ha-1, followed by a decreasing rate (p<0.05) for every next N-increment. While averaged on N-rates, the highest NUE observed in NAT3 which did not differ fromNAT4 but decreased (p<0.05) for treatment NAT2 with lowest for theNAT1. Pakhtunkhuwa-2015 showed higher NUE among the varieties. Grain-N, grain yield, gluten and amylose did not differ with NAR 140 and 160 kg ha-1 as well as for the NAT3 and NAT4 but decreased for NAT2 and the lowest was noted for NAT1. The N-content of wheat grain was highest in Pakhtunkhuwa-2015, followed by Pirsabak-2015 and the lowest in DN-84. Nonetheless, grain amylopectin showed a reduction with increasing NAR and/or split N-applications from one to two and/or three doses. Cultivars did not show any changes in the amylopectin. It is concluded that in recent climate changes where flood irrigation system is practiced, three N-splits (NAT3 or NAT4) resulted higher quality grains with140 kg N ha-1 to wheat crop

scholarly journals ВПЛИВ ПОПЕРЕДНИКІВ НА ВРОЖАЙНІСТЬ ТА ЯКІСТЬ ЗЕРНА ПШЕНИЦІ М'ЯКОЇ ОЗИМОЇ

2012 ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Г. П. Жемела ◽  
С. М. Шакалій
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Important Reserve ◽  
Bare Fallow

Наведені дані щодо впливу попередників: чистогопару, гороху й кукурудзи на силос на врожайністьта якість зерна пшениці м'якої озимої. Виявлено,що найбільшу врожайність і найкращі показникиякості зерна мала пшениця озима, вирощена післячистого пару. Найгіршим попередником за данихумов була кукурудза на силос; після гороху отри-мано середню врожайність та показники якостізерна пшениці озимої. Тому важливим резервомзбільшення врожайності зерна пшениці та підви-щення її якості є науково обґрунтований вибірпопередника. The data about the influence of such predecessors as a bare fallow,peas and corn for silage on crop productivity and quality of softwinter wheat grain have been given. It has been noted that winterwheat grown after a bare fallow has the greatest crop productivityand the best grain quality indices. Corn for silage was the worstpredecessor. An average crop productivity and grain quality wasreceived after peas. Therefore, an important reserve of cropproductivity increasing and its quality are scientifically justifiedchoice of predecessor.

scholarly journals Effects of conservation agriculture on crop productivity and water-use efficiency under an irrigated pigeonpea–wheat cropping system in the western Indo-Gangetic Plains

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 (8) ◽  
pp. 1327-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. DAS ◽  
K. K. BANDYOPADHYAY ◽  
RANJAN BHATTACHARYYA ◽  
S. SUDHISHRI ◽  
A. R. SHARMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Use Efficiency

SUMMARYIn search of a suitable resource conservation technology under pigeonpea (Cajanus cajanL.)–wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) system in the Indo-Gangetic Plains, the effects of conservation agriculture (CA) on crop productivity and water-use efficiency (WUE) were evaluated during a 3-year study. The treatments were: conventional tillage (CT), zero tillage (ZT) with planting on permanent narrow beds (PNB), PNB with residue (PNB + R), ZT with planting on permanent broad beds (PBB) and PBB + R. The PBB + R plots had higher pigeonpea grain yield than the CT plots in all 3 years. However, wheat grain yields under all plots were similar in all years except for PBB + R plots in the second year, which had higher wheat yield than CT plots. The contrast analysis showed that pigeonpea grain yield of CA plots was significantly higher than CT plots in the first year. However, both pigeonpea and wheat grain yields during the last 2 years under CA and CT plots were similar. The PBB + R plots had higher system WUE than the CT plots in the second and third years. Plots under CA had significantly higher WUE and significantly lower water use than CT plots in these years. The PBB + R plots had higher WUE than PNB + R and PNB plots. Also, the PBB plots had higher WUE than PNB in the second and third years, despite similar water use. The interactions of bed width and residue management for all parameters in the second and third years were not significant. Those positive impacts under PBB + R plots over CT plots were perceived to be due to no tillage and significantly higher amount of estimated residue retention. Thus, both PBB and PBB + R technologies would be very useful under a pigeonpea–wheat cropping system in this region.

scholarly journals Durum wheat grain yield and quality as affected by S rate under Mediterranean conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ercoli ◽  
Leonardo Lulli ◽  
Iduna Arduini ◽  
Marco Mariotti ◽  
Alessandro Masoni
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Mediterranean Conditions

scholarly journals Changes in Soil Zinc Chemical Fractions and Improvements in Wheat Grain Quality in Response to Zinc Solubilising Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banafsheh Rezaei Niko ◽  
naeimeh enayatizamir ◽  
Mojtaba Nourozi Masir
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bacillus Megaterium ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Bacterial Inoculation ◽  
Zn Uptake ◽  
Soil Zn ◽  
Soil Zinc

Abstract This study was performed to investigate the impacts of two indigenous strains of zinc (Zn) solubilising bacteria on Zn fractionation in soil, Zn uptake and the molar ratio of phytic acid to Zn (PA/Zn) in wheat grain cv. Chamran. The experiment was implemented in a completely randomised factorial design that included the treatment of bacterial inoculation consisting of B0 (control), B1 (Bacillus megaterium), B2 (Enterobacter cloacae), B3 (a mixed inoculation of both bacteria), and ZnSO4 fertiliser at three application levels: Zn0 (control), Zn1 (5.1mgkg-1), and Zn2 (10.1mgkg-1). Bacillus megaterium was isolated from the rhizosphere of Zea mays, which can solubilise Zn and phosphate and produce auxin. Enterobacter cloacae, which had been isolated from sugarcane root, was screened qualitatively and determined to be the best isolate to solubilise Zn. The results indicated the maximum values of organically bound (2.08 mg kg-1) and exchangeable Zn (0.89 mg kg-1) in the Zn2B3 treatment. Also, the highest amounts of carbonate bound (9.25 mg kg-1), FeMn-oxides (10.70 mg kg-1), and residual fractions (16.17 mg kg-1) were recorded for the Zn2B0 treatment. The relative proportions of residual, FeMn-oxides, carbonate, organic, and exchangeable Zn fractions in Zn0B0 were 40.48, 29.2, 27.1, 2.18, and 0.84%, respectively. These proportions changed to 37.24, 29.51, 26.9, 4.3, and 1.75%, in the Zn0B3 treatment. Maximum values of Zn uptake and grain yield were associated with the Zn2B3 treatment, showing increases (compared to the control) of 214 and 46%, respectively. The lowest ratio of PA/Zn was obtained in the Zn2B3 and Zn2B2 treatments, which exhibited reductions of 31.38 and 30.86%, respectively, when compared to the control.

scholarly journals Nitrogen management, cultivars and growing environments on wheat grain quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 826-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael R. Silva ◽  
Claudemir Zucareli ◽  
Inês C. de B. Fonseca ◽  
Carlos R. Riede ◽  
Diego Gazola
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Sedimentation Volume ◽  
N Management

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen (N) fertilization, environment and cultivars on the protein concentration, sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation test (SDSS) volume and falling number in wheat. The experimental design was a randomized blocks in split plot scheme with four repetions. Four wheat genotypes were evaluated under six N managements in four enviroment (subplots). The wheat genotypes evaluated were IPR Catuara TM, BRS Gaivota, Quartzo and CD 120. Protein concentration, SDS sedimentation test, falling number and grain yield were evaluated. Combined analysis of variance for the four environment was performed and means were compared by Tukey test at p ≤ 0.05. The environmental effect is greater than the genotype and N effects on protein concentration. The increase in protein concentration reduces grain yield of the cultivars tested. SDSS and falling number in wheat are influenced by the interaction between cultivar and environment and also by the N management. The protein concentration of grain has low influence on SDS sedimentation volume, so the topdressing N management has less accentuated effect on this response variable. The falling number does not vary among cultivars when the environment is suitable to pre-harvest sprouting. The use of topdressing N influences the falling number in wheat.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document