scholarly journals Bioglass-Incorporated Methacrylated Gelatin Cryogel for Regeneration of Bone Defects

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Kwon ◽  
Seunghun Lee ◽  
A. Sivashanmugam ◽  
Janet Kwon ◽  
Seung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Cranial Defect ◽  
In Vivo Testing ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone ◽  
Adhesion Site

Cryogels have recently gained interest in the field of tissue engineering as they inherently possess an interconnected macroporous structure. Considered to be suitable for scaffold cryogel fabrication, methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) is a modified form of gelatin valued for its ability to retain cell adhesion site. Bioglass nanoparticles have also attracted attention in the field due to their osteoinductive and osteoconductive behavior. Here, we prepare methacrylated gelatin cryogel with varying concentration of bioglass nanoparticles to study its potential for bone regeneration. We demonstrate that an increase in bioglass concentration in cryogel leads to improved mechanical property and augmented osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal cells during in vitro testing. Furthermore, in vivo testing in mice cranial defect model shows that highest concentration of bioglass nanoparticles (2.5 w/w %) incorporated in GelMA cryogel induces the most bone formation compared to the other tested groups, as studied by micro-CT and histology. The in vitro and in vivo results highlight the potential of bioglass nanoparticles incorporated in GelMA cryogel for bone regeneration.

Influence of in vitro differentiation status on the in vivo bone regeneration of cell/chitosan microspheres using a rat cranial defect model

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1008-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Xu ◽  
Yingfang Wu ◽  
Yiyi Zhang ◽  
Ping Yin ◽  
Changyun Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Differentiation ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Chitosan Microspheres ◽  
Cranial Defect ◽  
Differentiation Status

scholarly journals Synergistic Effect of Mesoporous Silica and Hydroxyapatite in Loaded Poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres on the Regeneration of Bone Defects

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu He ◽  
Kai-Feng Lin ◽  
Jun-Jun Fan ◽  
Gang Hu ◽  
Xin Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Silica Nanoparticle ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone

A microsphere composite made of poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN), and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) (PLGA-MSN/nHA) was prepared and evaluated as bone tissue engineering materials. The objective of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of MSN/nHA on biocompatibility as well as its potential ability for bone formation. First, we found that this PLGA-MSN/nHA composite performed good characteristics on microstructure, mechanical strength, and wettability. By cell culture experiments, the adhesion and proliferation rate of the cells seeded on PLGA-MSN/nHA composite was higher than those of the controls and high levels of osteogenetic factors such as ALP and Runx-2 were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Finally, this PLGA-MSN/nHA composite was implanted into the femur bone defect in a rabbit model, and its ability to induce bone regeneration was observed by histological examinations. Twelve weeks after implantation, the bone defects had significantly more formation of mature bone and less residual materials than in the controls. These results demonstrate that this PLGA-MSN/nHA composite, introducing both MSN and nHA into PLGA microspheres, can improve the biocompatibility and osteoinductivity of compositein vitroandin vivoand had potential application in bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Longitudinal in vivo evaluation of bone regeneration by combined measurement of multi-pinhole SPECT and micro-CT for tissue engineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp S. Lienemann ◽  
Stéphanie Metzger ◽  
Anna-Sofia Kiveliö ◽  
Alain Blanc ◽  
Panagiota Papageorgiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Pinhole Spect

Abstract Over the last decades, great strides were made in the development of novel implants for the treatment of bone defects. The increasing versatility and complexity of these implant designs request for concurrent advances in means to assess in vivo the course of induced bone formation in preclinical models. Since its discovery, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has excelled as powerful high-resolution technique for non-invasive assessment of newly formed bone tissue. However, micro-CT fails to provide spatiotemporal information on biological processes ongoing during bone regeneration. Conversely, due to the versatile applicability and cost-effectiveness, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) would be an ideal technique for assessing such biological processes with high sensitivity and for nuclear imaging comparably high resolution (<1 mm). Herein, we employ modular designed poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogels that release bone morphogenetic protein to guide the healing of critical sized calvarial bone defects. By combined in vivo longitudinal multi-pinhole SPECT and micro-CT evaluations we determine the spatiotemporal course of bone formation and remodeling within this synthetic hydrogel implant. End point evaluations by high resolution micro-CT and histological evaluation confirm the value of this approach to follow and optimize bone-inducing biomaterials.

scholarly journals Cellularizing hydrogel-based scaffolds to repair bone tissue: How to create a physiologically relevant micro-environment?

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 204173141771207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Maisani ◽  
Daniele Pezzoli ◽  
Olivier Chassande ◽  
Diego Mantovani
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Promising Alternative

Tissue engineering is a promising alternative to autografts or allografts for the regeneration of large bone defects. Cell-free biomaterials with different degrees of sophistication can be used for several therapeutic indications, to stimulate bone repair by the host tissue. However, when osteoprogenitors are not available in the damaged tissue, exogenous cells with an osteoblast differentiation potential must be provided. These cells should have the capacity to colonize the defect and to participate in the building of new bone tissue. To achieve this goal, cells must survive, remain in the defect site, eventually proliferate, and differentiate into mature osteoblasts. A critical issue for these engrafted cells is to be fed by oxygen and nutrients: the transient absence of a vascular network upon implantation is a major challenge for cells to survive in the site of implantation, and different strategies can be followed to promote cell survival under poor oxygen and nutrient supply and to promote rapid vascularization of the defect area. These strategies involve the use of scaffolds designed to create the appropriate micro-environment for cells to survive, proliferate, and differentiate in vitro and in vivo. Hydrogels are an eclectic class of materials that can be easily cellularized and provide effective, minimally invasive approaches to fill bone defects and favor bone tissue regeneration. Furthermore, by playing on their composition and processing, it is possible to obtain biocompatible systems with adequate chemical, biological, and mechanical properties. However, only a good combination of scaffold and cells, possibly with the aid of incorporated growth factors, can lead to successful results in bone regeneration. This review presents the strategies used to design cellularized hydrogel-based systems for bone regeneration, identifying the key parameters of the many different micro-environments created within hydrogels.

scholarly journals Biodegradable Zn–Sr alloy for bone regeneration in rat femoral condyle defect model: In vitro and in vivo studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1588-1604
Author(s):  
Bo Jia ◽  
Hongtao Yang ◽  
Zechuan Zhang ◽  
Xinhua Qu ◽  
Xiufeng Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Defect Model

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Commercially Available Fibrin Gel as a Carrier of Alendronate for Bone Tissue Engineering

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beom Su Kim ◽  
Feride Shkembi ◽  
Jun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Calvarial Defect ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Fibrin Gel ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

Alendronate (ALN) is a bisphosphonate drug that is widely used for the treatment of osteoporosis. Furthermore, local delivery of ALN has the potential to improve the bone regeneration. This study was designed to investigate an ALN-containing fibrin (fibrin/ALN) gel and evaluate the effect of this gel on both in vitro cellular behavior using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and in vivo bone regenerative capacity. Fibrin hydrogels were fabricated using various ALN concentrations (10−7–10−4 M) with fibrin glue and the morphology, mechanical properties, and ALN release kinetics were characterized. Proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of and cytotoxicity in fibrin/ALN gel-embedded hMSCs were examined. In vivo bone formation was evaluated using a rabbit calvarial defect model. The fabricated fibrin/ALN gel was transparent with Young’s modulus of ~13 kPa, and these properties were not affected by ALN concentration. The in vitro studies showed sustained release of ALN from the fibrin gel and revealed that hMSCs cultured in fibrin/ALN gel showed significantly increased proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. In addition, microcomputed tomography and histological analysis revealed that the newly formed bone was significantly enhanced by implantation of fibrin/ALN gel in a calvarial defect model. These results suggest that fibrin/ALN has the potential to improve bone regeneration.

scholarly journals The extract of concentrated growth factor enhances osteogenic activity of osteoblast through PI3K/AKT pathway and promotes bone regeneration in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Dong ◽  
Wen-Juan Zhou ◽  
Zhong-Hao Liu ◽  
Peng-Jie Hao
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Cranial Defect ◽  
Mineral Deposition ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression

Abstract Background Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is a third-generation platelet concentrate product; the major source of growth factors in CGF is its extract; however, there are few studies on the overall effects of the extract of CGF (CGF-e). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of CGF-e on MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro and to explore the effect of combination of CGF-e and bone collagen (Bio-Oss Collagen, Geistlich, Switzerland) for bone formation in cranial defect model of rats in vivo. Methods The cell proliferation, ALP activity, mineral deposition, osteogenic-related gene, and protein expression were evaluated in vitro; the newly formed bone was evaluated by histological and immunohistochemical analysis through critical-sized cranial defect rat model in vivo. Results The cell proliferation, ALP activity, mineral deposition, osteogenic-related gene, and protein expression of CGF-e group were significantly increased compared with the control group. In addition, there was significantly more newly formed bone in the CGF-e + bone collagen group, compared to the blank control group and bone collagen only group. Conclusions CGF-e activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to enhance osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells and promoted the bone formation of rat cranial defect model.

scholarly journals The Effect of Stromal-Derived Factor 1α on Osteoinduction Properties of Porous β-Tricalcium Phosphate Bioceramics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Fangchun Jin ◽  
Qixun Cai ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xiaohui Fan ◽  
Xiao Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Rabbit Bone ◽  
In Vitro Effects

β-Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) is a type of bioceramic material which is commonly used for hard tissue repair and famous of its remarkable biocompatibility and osteoconductivity with similar composition to natural bone. However, TCP lacks osteoindcutive properties. Stromal-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α) can promote bone regeneration with excellent osteoinduction effect. In this study, SDF-1α was loaded into TCP to investigate the in vitro effects of SDF-1α on the osteoinductive properties of TCP. In vitro studies showed that SDF-1α/TCP scaffold significantly stimulated the expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin. As to the in vivo studies, the rabbit bone defect model showed that SDF-1α stimulated more new bone formation. In conclusion, SDF-1α/TCP bioceramic scaffolds could further promote bone regeneration compared to pure TCP bioceramics.

scholarly journals Development and Bone Regeneration Capacity of Premixed Magnesium Phosphate Cement Pastes

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Ewald ◽  
Dorothea Kreczy ◽  
Theresa Brückner ◽  
Uwe Gbureck ◽  
Melanie Bengel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Drill Hole ◽  
Magnesium Phosphate ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Regeneration Capacity ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
In Vivo Testing

Magnesium phosphate cements (MPC) have been demonstrated to have a superior bone regeneration capacity due to their good solubility under in vivo conditions. While in the past only aqueous MPC pastes have been applied, the current study describes the fabrication and in vitro/in vivo testing of an oil-based calcium doped magnesium phosphate (CaMgP) cement paste. Premixed oil-based pastes with CaMgP chemistry combine the advantages of conventional MPC such as high mechanical strength and good resorbability with a prolonged shelf-life and an easier clinical handling. The pastes set in an aqueous environment and predominantly form struvite and achieve a compressive strength of ~8–10 MPa after setting. The implantation into a drill-hole defect at the distal femoral condyle of New Zealand white rabbits over a course of 6 and 12 weeks demonstrated good biocompatibility of the materials without the formation of soft connective tissue or any signs of inflammation. In contrast to a hydroxyapatite forming reference paste, the premixed CaMgP pastes showed subsequent degradation and bony regeneration. The CaMgP cement pastes presented herein are promising bone replacement materials with excellent material properties for an improved and facilitated clinical application.

scholarly journals Cathelicidin LL37 Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation in vitro and Bone Regeneration in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lunhao Li ◽  
Yiyu Peng ◽  
Qingyue Yuan ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Ai Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Calvarial Defect ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Rat Calvarial Defect

Different types of biomaterials have been used to repair the defect of bony orbit. However, exposure and infections are still critical risks in clinical application. Biomaterials with characteristics of osteogenesis and antibiosis are needed for bone regeneration. In this study, we aimed to characterize the antimicrobial effects of cathelicidin-LL37 and to assess any impacts on osteogenic activity. Furthermore, we attempted to demonstrate the feasibility of LL37 as a potential strategy in the reconstruction of clinical bone defects. Human adipose-derived mesenchyme stem cells (hADSCs) were cultured with different concentrations of LL37 and the optimum concentration for osteogenesis was selected for further in vitro studies. We then evaluated the antibiotic properties of LL37 at the optimum osteogenic concentration. Finally, we estimated the efficiency of a PSeD/hADSCs/LL37 combined scaffold on reconstructing bone defects in the rat calvarial defect model. The osteogenic ability on hADSCs in vitro was shown to be dependent on the concentration of LL37 and reached a peak at 4 μg/ml. The optimum concentration of LL37 showed good antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus anurans. The combination scaffold of PSeD/hADSCs/LL37 showed superior osteogenic properties compared to the PSeD/hADSCs, PSeD, and control groups scaffolds, indicating a strong bone reconstruction effect in the rat calvarial bone defect model. In Conclusion, LL37 was shown to promote osteogenic differentiation in vitro as well as antibacterial properties. The combination of PSeD/hADSCs/LL37 was advantageous in the rat calvarial defect reconstruction model, showing high potential in clinical bone regeneration.

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