scholarly journals Open-Cell Rigid Polyurethane Foams from Peanut Shell-Derived Polyols Prepared under Different Post-Processing Conditions

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangyu Zhang ◽  
Yumin Wu ◽  
Weisheng Chen ◽  
Dezhi Han ◽  
Xiaoqi Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Open Cell ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foams

Bio-based polyurethane materials with abundant open-cells have wide applications because of their biodegradability for addressing the issue of environmental conservation. In this work, open-cell rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were prepared with bio-based polyols (BBPs) derived from the liquefaction of peanut shells under different post-processing conditions. The influences of the neutralization procedure and filtering operation for BBPs on the foaming behaviors, density, dimensional stability, water absorption, swelling ratio, compressive strength, and microstructure of RPUFs were investigated intensively. The results revealed that a small amount of sulfuric acid in the polyols exhibited a great impact on physical and chemical properties of RPUFs while the filtering operation for those polyols had a slight effect on the above properties. The RPUFs prepared from neutralized BBPs possessed higher water absorption, preferable dimensional stability and compression strength than that fabricated from the non-neutralized BBPs. Moreover, the prepared RPUFs exhibited preferable water absorption of 636–777%, dimensional stability of <0.5%, compressive strength of >200 KPa, lower swelling rate of ca. 1%, as well as uniform cell structure with superior open-cell rate, implying potential applications in floral foam.

scholarly journals Steam Exploded Peanut Shell Fiber as the Filler in the Rigid Polyurethane Foams

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1077-1091
Author(s):  
Zehui Ju ◽  
Qian He ◽  
Tianyi Zhan ◽  
Haiyang Zhang ◽  
Lin Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foams

Preparation of rigid polyurethane foams with powder filler

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Paciorek-Sadowska ◽  
Bogusław Czupryński ◽  
Joanna Liszkowska ◽  
Kazimierz Piszczek
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Softening Point ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Start Time ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Powder Filler ◽  
Foam Plastics

Abstract The diversified properties of polyurethane (PUR) foam plastics result from differences in the receipts applied during their preparation. The preparation of rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate foams (PUR-PIR) with application of different amounts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) s-70 as a filler is described in this study. It was found that application of PVC s-70 has an effect on the prolongation of processing parameters, i.e., start time and, to a greater extent, expansion and gelation times. Moreover, it was found that introduction of filler into the foam composition causes a reduction in the capacity of the foam to absorb water; however, a distinct change in the amount of closed cells in comparison with standard foam was not observed. A favorable effect of filler on brittleness and flammability of PUR-PIR foams (significant reduction) as well as on compressive strength and softening point (a significant increase in these values) was observed.

Preparation of open cell rigid polyurethane foams and modified with organo-kaolin

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-447
Author(s):  
Guojian Wang ◽  
Tao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Silane Coupling Agent ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Compressive Property ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Open Cell ◽  
Silane Coupling ◽  
Cell Opening

The open cell rigid polyurethane foam (ORPUF) was prepared by adding chemical cell openers including O-500 and AK-9903. The FTIR results of cell openers and open cell rate of ORPUFs showed that O-500 has more effective cell opening capacity. In the ORPUF foaming formulation using O-500 as cell opener, silane coupling agent (KH-550) modified kaolin (organo-kaolin) was introduced into ORPUF with different weight loadings. The cellular morphology, apparent density, and compressive strength of the foams were tested in order to investigate the effects of organo-kaolin on the open cell rate and compressive property of the foams. The results showed that the open cell rate of ORPUFs slightly increased from 83.9% to 92.9% with the content of organo-kaolin. Meanwhile, compared to neat ORPUF, the compressive strength of foams increased by 72.8% when the content of introduced organo-kaolin was 4 parts per hundred of polyol by mass (php).

scholarly journals Composites of Rigid Polyurethane Foams Reinforced with POSS

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Członka ◽  
Anna Strąkowska ◽  
Krzysztof Strzelec ◽  
Agnieszka Adamus-Włodarczyk ◽  
Agnė Kairytė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Viscoelastic Behavior ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Cell Shapes

Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were successfully modified with different weight ratios (0.5 wt%, 1.5 wt% and 5 wt%) of APIB-POSS and AEAPIB-POSS. The resulting foams were evaluated by their processing parameters, morphology (Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis, SEM), mechanical properties (compressive test, three-point bending test and impact strength), viscoelastic behavior (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, DMA), thermal properties (Thermogravimetric Analysis, TGA, and thermal conductivity) and application properties (contact angle, water absorption and dimensional analysis). The results showed that the morphology of modified foams is significantly affected by the type of the filler and filler content, which resulted in inhomogeneous, irregular, large cell shapes and further affected the physical and mechanical properties of resulting materials. RPUFs modified with APIB-POSS represent better mechanical and thermal properties compared to the RPUFs modified with AEAPIB-POSS. The results showed that the best results were obtained for RPUFs modified with 0.5 wt% of APIB-POSS. For example, in comparison with unfilled foam, compositions modified with 0.5 wt% of APIB-POSS provide greater compression strength, better flexural strength and lower water absorption.

scholarly journals The Modification of Polyurethane Foams Using New Boroorganic Polyols (II) Polyurethane Foams from Boron-Modified Hydroxypropyl Urea Derivatives

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Iwona Zarzyka
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Propylene Carbonate ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Urea Derivatives ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The work focuses on research related to determination of application possibility of new, ecofriendly boroorganic polyols in rigid polyurethane foams production. Polyols were obtained from hydroxypropyl urea derivatives esterified with boric acid and propylene carbonate. The influence of esterification type on properties of polyols and next on polyurethane foams properties was determined. Nitrogen and boron impacts on the foams’ properties were discussed, for instance, on their physical, mechanical, and electric properties. Boron presence causes improvement of dimensional stability and thermal stability of polyurethane foams. They can be applied even at temperature 150°C. Unfortunately, introducing boron in polyurethanes foams affects deterioration of their water absorption, which increases as compared to the foams that do not contain boron. However, presence of both boron and nitrogen determines the decrease of the foams combustibility. Main impact on the decrease combustibility of the obtained foams has nitrogen presence, but in case of proper boron and nitrogen ratio their synergic activity on the combustibility decrease can be easily seen.

scholarly journals A Pathway toward a New Era of Open-Cell Polyurethane Foams—Influence of Bio-Polyols Derived from Used Cooking Oil on Foams Properties

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5161
Author(s):  
Maria Kurańska ◽  
Elżbieta Malewska ◽  
Krzysztof Polaczek ◽  
Aleksander Prociak ◽  
Joanna Kubacka
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Foam Cell ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
Open Cell ◽  
New Era ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Cooking Oils

In order to create greener polyurethane (PUR) foams, modified used cooking oils (UCO) were applied as starting resources for the synthesis of bio-polyols. The bio-polyols were produced using transesterification of UCO with diethylene glycol (UCO_DEG) and triethanolamine (UCO_TEA). Next, open-cell PUR foams were synthesized by replacing 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the petrochemical polyol with the bio-polyol UCO_DEG or UCO_TEA. It was observed that an increasing bio-polyol content (up to 60%) led to an increase of the closed cell content. However, a further increase in the bio-polyol content up to 100% resulted in foam cell opening. The bio-foams obtained in the experiment had an apparent density of 13–18 kg/m3. The coefficient of thermal conductivity was determined at three different average temperatures: 10, 0 and −10 °C. The PUR bio-foams modified with bio-polyol UCO_TEA had lower values of thermal conductivity, regardless of the average temperature (35.99–39.57 mW/m·K) than the foams modified with bio-polyol UCO_DEG (36.95–43.78 mW/m·K). The compressive strength of most of the bio-foams was characterized by a higher value than the compressive strength of the reference material (without bio-polyol). Finally, it was observed that the bio-materials exhibited dimensional stability at 70 °C.

The Synthesis and Application of a Novel Class of Polyols for Preparation of Polyurethane

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1441-1445
Author(s):  
Xiao Lin Li ◽  
Zheng Fang ◽  
Dong Ji ◽  
Zhi Dong Wan ◽  
Kai Guo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
Low Thermal Conductivity ◽  
High Compressive Strength ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Closed Cell ◽  
Rigid Foams

The synthesis of a novel class of diamine-based polyols derivatives and the potentials and the limitations of these polyols were reported. This class of diamine-based polyols with high hydroxyl values and no acid values can be used in rigid polyurethane foams. The prepared rigid foams show the properties of low density, high closed cell content, low thermal conductivity, and high compressive strength.

Low density rigid polyurethane foam incorporated with renewable polyol as sustainable thermal insulation material

2022 ◽  
pp. 0021955X2110626
Author(s):  
Adnan Srihanum ◽  
Maznee TI Tuan Noor ◽  
Kosheela PP Devi ◽  
Seng Soi Hoong ◽  
Nurul H Ain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
K Value ◽  
Polyether Polyol ◽  
Uniform Pore Size

Palm olein-based polyol (PP) was used as a partial replacement for commercial sucrose/glycerine initiated polyether polyol (GP) for the production of low density rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs). The hydroxyl value (OHV) of the GP was 380 mg KOH/g, whereas the OHV for PP was 360 mg KOH/g. The RPUFs were prepared by replacing the GP with PP up to 50 parts per hundred parts of polyols (pph). Characterisation of the RPUFs, including density, compressive strength and strain, cell morphology and thermal conductivity ( k-value), were conducted. The dimensional stability of the foams was also evaluated. The study showed improvement in the compressive strength and strain for palm-based RPUFs with the incorporation of up to 30 pph PP as compared to GP foams. The lowest k-value (0.0232 W/m.K) of RPUF with density below 30 kg/m3 was obtained with the incorporation of 10 pph PP. This was due to the smallest and uniform pore size distribution observed using SEM images. The dimensional stability of the RPUF prepared from PP was within the acceptable range. Thus, the RPUFs made from PP are potential candidates to be used as insulation for refrigerators, freezers and piping.

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