scholarly journals Electrical Resistance of Stainless Steel/Polyester Blended Knitted Fabrics for Application to Measure Sweat Quantity

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1015
Author(s):  
Qing Chen ◽  
Lin Shu ◽  
Bailu Fu ◽  
Rong Zheng ◽  
Jintu Fan
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Absorption Ratio ◽  
Skin Wetness ◽  
Hydrophilic Treatment

Skin wetness and body water loss are important indexes to reflect the heat strain of the human body. According to ISO 7933 2004, the skin wetness and sweat rate are calculated by the evaporative heat flow and the maximum evaporative heat flow in the skin surface, etc. This work proposes the soft textile-based sensor, which was knitted by stainless steel/polyester blended yarn on the flat knitting machine. It investigated the relationship between electrical resistance in the weft/warp directions and different water absorption ratio (0–70%), different sample size (2 cm × 2 cm, 2 cm × 4 cm, 2 cm × 6 cm and 2 cm × 8 cm). The hydrophilic treatment effectively improved the water absorption ratio increasing from 40% to 70%. The weft and warp direction exhibited different electrical behaviors when under dry and wet conditions. It suggested the weft direction of knitted fabrics was recommended for detecting the electrical resistance due to its stable sensitivity and linearity performance. It could be used as a flexible sensor integrated into a garment for measuring the skin wetness and sweat rate in the future instead of traditional measurements.

Comfort and Function Evaluations of Warp-Knitted Fabrics

2014 ◽  
Vol 910 ◽  
pp. 442-445
Author(s):  
Jia Horng Lin ◽  
Yu Tien Huang ◽  
Chin Mei Lin ◽  
Ching Wen Lou
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Bamboo Charcoal ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Clothing Type ◽  
And Function

People have been paying attention to wearers comfort with functional textile products, the clothing type of which are further required to be eco-friendly and versatile as well as to help health care and to make wearers comfortable. This study uses bamboo charcoal (BC)/stainless steel (SS) wrap yarns for warp-knitted fabrics with three structural arrangements, and the influence of which on the far infrared (FIR) emissivity, softness, air permeability, and water absorption of the resulting warp-knitted fabrics are then examined. The FIR emissivity of all three fabric types is beyond 0.8. Single-faced, front-weft BC/SS warp-knitted fabrics possess optimal air permeability of 290 cm3/s/cm2and optimal softness of 3.9 cm. The results of this study can serve as reference for the research design and direction of health care fabrics and increase their added value.

Formulation and Evaluation of Fast Disintigrating Meloxicam Tablets and Its Comparison with Marketed Product

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Kulkarni ◽  
Ranjit P. ◽  
Nikunj Patel ◽  
Someshwara B. ◽  
Ramesh B. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Absorption Ratio ◽  
Wetting Time ◽  
Fast Disintegrating Tablets ◽  
Cox 1

The present investigation deals with the formulation of fast disintegrating tablets of Meloxicam that disintegrate in the oral cavity upon contact with saliva and there by improve therapeutic efficacy. Meloxicam is a newer selective COX-1 inhibitor. The tablets were prepared by wet granulation procedure. The influence of superdisintegrants, crosspovidone, croscaremellose sodium on disintegration time, wetting time and water absorption ratio were studied. Tablets were evaluated for weight and thickness variation, disintegration time, drug content, in vitro dissolution, wetting time and water absorption ratio. The in vitro disintegration time of the best fast disintegrating tablets was found to be 18 sec. Tablets containing crospovidone exhibit quick disintegration time than tablets containing croscaremellose sodium. The fast disintegrating tablets of Meloxicam with shorter disintegration time, acceptable taste and sufficient hardness could be prepared using crospovidone and other excipients at optimum concentration.

The Effect of Inner Layer Fiber Diameter and Fabric Structure on Transplanar Water Absorption and Transfer of Double-layered Knitted Fabrics

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 578-586
Author(s):  
Bahareh Yousefi ◽  
S. Mohammad Hosseini Varkiani ◽  
Siamak Saharkhiz ◽  
Zahra Khorram Toussi
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Layer Fiber

STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF NON-COVALENT MODIFIERS ON THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF POLYMER FILAMENTS FOR FDM-PRINTING BASED ON ABS-PLASTIC AND CARBON NANOPARTICLES

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
A.A. Pykhtin ◽  
◽  
A.E. Sorokin ◽  
S.A. Larionov ◽  
S.L. Lonskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Modified Polymer

The paper presents the results of a study of the effect of non-covalent modifiers on the structure and properties of polymer filaments for FDM-printing based on ABS-plastic and carbon nanoparticles. The dependences of the characteristics of nanocomposites and filaments based on them to the type of functionalization have been established. The effect of the concentration of CNTs on the hardness, water absorption, electrical resistance, and shear strength for modified polymer filament has been investigated. The optimal formulations and technological parameters of FDM-printing of templates have been determined.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Kimia dan Organoleptik Flakes Kacang Hijau dengan Penambahan Bahan Pengisi dan Air

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Maya Indra Rasyid
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Absorption Ratio ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

(Chemical and Organoleptic Characteristics of Mung Bean Flakes with The Addition of Fillers and Water) ABSTRACT. The objective of this research was to determine the chemical and organoleptic characteristics of mung bean flakes with the addition of fillers and water. The study was conducted using completely randomized design with two factors namely the addition of fillers and water. The results showed that the addition of fillers and water has significant (P≤0,01) effect on the water absorption ratio and protein levels of mung bean flakes. The best treatment was obtained by the mung bean flour without the addition of fillers with 150% of addition water with water absorption ratio of 204%, water content of 5,7%, protein of 22,01%, starch levels of 61,76%, organoleptic values of aroma of 2,61, color of 2,42, crispness of 2,72 and flavor of 2,83.

scholarly journals Improve of Footwear Comfort Sensation with Material Packages and Knitted Fabrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3(135)) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wioleta Serweta ◽  
Zbigniew Olejniczak ◽  
Małgorzata Matusiak
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Positive Information ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Grubbs Test ◽  
Microclimate Conditions ◽  
Footwear Comfort

The main goal of this paper was to analyse the hygienic properties of textile packages used for the construction of shoe uppers. Distance fabrics with varied hygienic properties were the basis of these packages. The discomfort indexes, which describe changes in footwear microclimate, were calculated according to the moisture absorbance capacity and temperature changes in the immediate surrounding of the foot skin surface. The experiment was done for a group of grain leather uppers, where the Grubbs test (a = 0.05) gave positive information about the outliers, describing such parameters as the water vapour permeability and water vapour coefficient. The phase changes of the shoe microclimate were detected via temperature and relative humidity sensors during simulation of the shoes used via an elliptical trainer for a group of 7 men. Statistically significant differences between the packages’ upper – lining confirmed the possibility of monitoring the circulation of biophysical mediums inside a footwear volume. The appropriate choice of package materials could raise the comfort conditions for users. For certain material configurations the microclimate conditions described by the discomfort index were improved.

Influence of sublimation process on air permeability and water absorption dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigita Kalendraite ◽  
Jolita Krisciunaite ◽  
Daiva Mikucioniene
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sublimation Process ◽  
Textile Fabrics ◽  
High Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

PurposeThe purpose of this research was to find the influence of sublimation process on air permeability and water absorption dynamics of knitted and woven polyester-based fabrics.Design/methodology/approachThree different sublimation designs were prepared and applied (keeping the same sublimation parameters) for eight variants of knitted and four variants of woven polyester-based fabrics. Air permeability and water absorption dynamics during 180s period was measured and compared before and after the sublimation process.FindingsAccording to the obtained results, high temperature and pressure applied in sublimation process have influence on the porosity and air permeability of knitted fabrics; however, the influence on water absorption dynamics is minimal. Sublimation design dos not have any influence on the mentioned properties.Originality/valueThe obtained results of the sublimation process influence on air permeability and water absorption dynamics of knitted and woven polyester-based fabrics will help to understand how sublimation process can affect comfort properties of textile fabrics.

Electromechanical analysis of length-related resistance and contact resistance of conductive knitted fabrics

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (20) ◽  
pp. 2062-2070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Song Liu ◽  
Feng Ding ◽  
Tao Hua ◽  
Wai Man Au ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Tensile Force ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
High Coefficient ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Conductive Yarns ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Conductive fabrics usually exhibit two types of electrical resistance: the length-related resistance and contact resistance. The length-related resistance increases with the applied extensile force, whereas the contact resistance decreases with the contact force. The resistance of conductive knitted fabrics could be modeled by the superposition of the length-related resistance and contact resistance. Three experiments were conducted to investigate the resistance of conductive yarns: two overlapped conduct yarns and conductive knitting stitches under unidirectional extensile forces, respectively; and the corresponding empirical equations were developed. The relationship of the resistance, tensile force, fabric length and width were established. The fitting curves with high coefficient of determinations (>0.94) and low standard errors (<0.18) given by the modeling equations were achieved. Therefore, the proposed model could be used to compute the resistance of the conductive knitting fabrics under unidirectional extension.

Conductive and convective heat flows of exercising humans in cold water

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 2473-2480 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ferretti ◽  
A. Veicsteinas ◽  
D. W. Rennie
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Convective Heat ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Heat Flows

The apparent conductance (Kss, in W.m-2.degrees C-1) of a given region of superficial shell (on the thigh, fat + skin) was determined on four nonsweating and nonshivering subjects, resting and exercising (200 W) in water [water temperature (Tw) 22-23 degrees C] Kss = Hss/(Tsf-Tsk) where Hss is the skin-to-water heat flow directly measured by heat flow transducers and Tsf and Tsk are the temperatures of the subcutaneous fat at a known depth below the skin surface and of the skin surface, respectively. The convective heat flow (qc) through the superficial shell was then estimated as qc = (Tsf - Tsk).(Kss - Kss,min), assuming that at rest Kss was minimal (Kss,min) and resting qc = 0. The duration of immersion was set to allow rectal temperature (Tre) to reach approximately 37 degrees C at the end of rest and approximately 38 degrees C at the end of exercise. Except at the highest Tw used, Kss at the start of exercise was always Kss,min and averaged 51 W.m-2.degrees C-1 (range 33-57 W.m-2.degrees C-1) across subjects, and qc was zero. At the end of exercise at the highest Tw used for each subject, Kss averaged 97 W.m-2.degrees C-1 (range 77-108 W.m-2.degrees C-1) and qc averaged 53% (range 48-61%) of Hss (mean Hss = 233 W.m-2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Genomic regions controlling seed weight, water absorption ratio, sprout yield, and storage protein fractions in soybean

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Anita Rani ◽  
Vineet Kumar ◽  
Trupti Tayalkar ◽  
Aseem Kumar Anshu
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Storage Protein ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Absorption Ratio ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
And Storage
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