Fabrication and Characterization of Superhydrophobic Graphene/Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Composite

Materials with superhydrophobic surfaces have received vast attention in various industries due to their valuable properties, such as their self-cleaning and antifouling effects. These promising superhydrophobic properties are taken into high priority, particularly for medical devices and applications. The development of an ideal superhydrophobic surface is a challenging task and is constantly progressing. Various strategies have been introduced; however, a minority of them are cost-effective. This work presents a facile fabrication of the superhydrophobic surface by using graphene and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. The graphene and TiO2 hybrid nanoparticles are dip-coated on a biodegradable thermoplastic poly(lactic acid) (PLA) substrate. The thermoplastic PLA is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and is widely utilized in medical devices. The graphene/TiO2 coating is substantiated to transform the hydrophilic PLA film into superhydrophobic biomaterials that can help to reduce hazardous medical-device complications. The surface wettability of the graphene/TiO2 nanoparticle-coated PLA surface was evaluated by measuring the apparent water contact angle. The surface chemical composition and surface morphology were analyzed via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The graphene/TiO2-coated PLA film achieved superhydrophobic properties by demonstrating a water contact angle greater than 150°. The water contact angle of the graphene/TiO2 coating increased along with the concentration of the nanoparticles and the ratio of TiO2 to graphene. Moreover, the graphene/TiO2 coating exhibited excellent durability, whereby the contact angle of the coated surface remained unchanged after water immersion for 24 h. The duration of the effectiveness of the superhydrophobic coating suggests its suitability for medical devices, for which a short duration of administration is involved. This study reports an easy-to-replicate and cost-effective method for fabricating superhydrophobic graphene/TiO2-coated surfaces, which additionally substantiates a potential solution for the manufacturing of biomaterials in the future.

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Fabrication of the Superhydrophobic Surface Using SU-8 Photoresist With Black Silicon

Volume 11: Nano and Micro Materials, Devices and Systems; Microsystems Integration ◽

10.1115/imece2011-63582 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Sang Eon Lee ◽

Dongjin Lee ◽

Jin-Ha Kim ◽

Kang Won Lee ◽

Kwang-Cheol Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contact Angle ◽

Water Contact Angle ◽

Superhydrophobic Surface ◽

Black Silicon ◽

Geometrical Shape ◽

Water Contact ◽

Ion Etching ◽

Lotus Leaf ◽

Pdms Surface ◽

Micro Structures

A novel change method of surface wettability using both micro- and nano-sized geometrical shape is presented in this paper. After the black silicon is formed in reactive ion etching, SU-8 mold is fabricated on top of the black silicon that has nano-sized holes. After the microfabrication of SU-8 photoresist mold, poly-dimethysiloxane (PDMS) is poured into the mold. As a result, the molded PDMS surface has both micro- and nano-sized structures, which is similar to lotus leaf. The diameter of cylindrical pillar micro structures ranges from 50 to 100 μm. The water contact angle of 150° is obtained on the molded PDMS surface with pillars diameter of 50 μm. The superhydrophobic surface made of micro- and nanostructures is straightforwardly formed, increasing water contact angle on the engineered surface.

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Surface Engineered Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) Microspheres by Chemical Treatment for Drug Delivery System

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.214 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 594-595 ◽

pp. 214-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C.Y. Tham ◽

Zuratul Ain Abdul Hamid ◽

Z.A. Ahmad ◽

H. Ismail

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Contact Angle ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Water Contact Angle ◽

Delivery System ◽

Alkaline Solution ◽

Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Water Contact

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is well known for their biodegradability and bioresorbable properties and these properties made them suitable in drug delivery system as drug carriers. PLA is relatively hydrophobic and lack of cell-recognition group to interact with biologically active molecules which reduce the surface compatibility of microspheres. In this project, alkaline hydrolysis was used to induce hydrophilic functional group on the microspheres surface. Alkaline solution at 0.01M and 0.1M was used to modify microspheres surfaces. The engineered surfaces were evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Water Contact Angle. 0.1M alkaline solution hydrolyzed microspheres at higher extends as compared to 0.01M, where partial microspheres disintegrated and porous structure was revealed. The water contact angle of PLA films shows decreased from 65 ̊ to range 42 47 ̊ after alkaline hydrolysis.

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Surface Morphologies and Durability on Water Contact Angle of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Thin Films

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.798.158 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 798 ◽

pp. 158-162

Author(s):

Buppachat Toboonsung

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Contact Angle ◽

Titanium Dioxide ◽

Surface Temperature ◽

Water Contact Angle ◽

High Voltage Power Supply ◽

Water Contact ◽

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle ◽

Air Atmosphere ◽

Angle Data

Titanium dioxide nanoparticle thin films on the glass slide of 5x20 cm2 as substrate were prepared by sparking method. The sparking system was modified by using titanium wires as an anode of 9 pieces and a cathode of 9 pieces which set the gap between the electrodes of 1 mm and connected a high voltage power supply. The sparking method was controlled a surface temperature of substrate as 26, 100 and 150 OC and a sparking time of 1-5 h in air atmosphere. The as-deposited thin films were analyzed by a scanning electron microscope, measured the water contact angle of 180 days and studied the durability of thin films on glass substrate to the drop water. The result indicated that the optimum condition of the as-deposited thin films was shown at the sparking time of 4 h and surface temperature of 150 OC which shown the homogeneity surface, the hydrophilic properties. The water contact angle increased with increasing the sparking time whereas the increasing surface temperature was found the decreasing of water contact angle. The optimum durability of thin films was used a minimum of a standard deviation (S.D.) at 4.27 which calculated from the water contact angle data from 1-180 days.

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An Effect of Viscosity of Coating Materials on Silicon Micro-Patterning Arrays for Superhydrophobic Surface

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.93-94.447 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 93-94 ◽

pp. 447-450 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N. Atthi ◽

O. Nimittrakoolchai ◽

Sitthisuntorn Supothina ◽

J. Supadech ◽

W. Jeamsaksiri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contact Angle ◽

Water Contact Angle ◽

Surface Property ◽

Superhydrophobic Surface ◽

Rough Surfaces ◽

Coating Materials ◽

Water Contact ◽

Viscous Material ◽

Micro Patterning

Two different viscous coating materials, which are Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mixed with 10%wt of Dicumylperoxide (DCP), and Semifluorinate Silane (SFS), were applied to silicon micro-asperity. The cosine’s Young and viscosity of those coating materials are -0.3584,-0.3496 and 3.176x10-3, 1.339 x10-3 Pas, respectively. The rough surfaces with nine asperity shapes were studied. The results shown that, pillar shape has an effect on water contact angle (WCA): Stripe asperity cannot make the average WCA greater than 150. When consider the pillar asperity, the WCA falls between 152 and 157, which exhibits a superhydrophobic surface property. However, actual WCA of the micro-asperity coated with PDMS+10%wt of DCP is lower than that coated with SFS around 1 to 7. High viscous material makes the asperity size bigger than the design and decreases the WCA: the low viscous material is more suitable for coating on the asperities.

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Fabrication of Stable Superhydrophobic Surface with Low Adhesion on Aluminum Foil

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.697.80 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 697 ◽

pp. 80-84

Author(s):

Yong Mei Xia ◽

You Fa Zhang ◽

Xin Quan Yu ◽

Feng Chen

Keyword(s):

Contact Angle ◽

Water Contact Angle ◽

Superhydrophobic Surface ◽

Research Work ◽

Aluminum Foil ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Angle Measurement ◽

Aluminum Surface ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Water Contact

Metal aluminum surface can be corroded easily in acid and alkaline environment. Inspired by the self-cleaning lotus leaf, the development of superhydrophobic metal surfaces to prevent metals from corroding is enjoying tremendous popularity amongst scientists and engineers. In this work, superhydrophobic surface was obtained on aluminum foils via a facile neutral sol solution immersion process and post-modification in ethanol solution of heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetradecyl trimethoxysilane (FAS-17) solution through a hydrothermal synthesis technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and water contact angle measurement are used to investigate the morphologies, microstructures, chemical compositions and wettability of the produced films on aluminum substrates. The results indicated that the superhydrophobic surface, configured of a rough labyrinth structure with convexity and notch, has robust hydrophobility, which had a static water contact angle of 165.6 ± 2.8° and a water roll-off angle of <1°, exhibited long-term durability and stability in air. The present research work provides a new strategy for the simple preparation superhydrophobic films on aluminum foil for practical industrial applications.

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A green approach of superhydrophobic surface fabrication on recycled high-density polyethylene using sodium chloride

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/2080/1/012004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2080 (1) ◽

pp. 012004

Author(s):

Muhammad Aidil Adz’ryl Nor Azizan ◽

Muhammad Salihin Zakaria ◽

Razif Muhammed Nordin ◽

Khairul Anwar Abdul Halim ◽

Bee Ying Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contact Angle ◽

Sodium Chloride ◽

Surface Morphology ◽

Water Contact Angle ◽

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Superhydrophobic Surface ◽

High Density ◽

Water Contact ◽

Green Approach ◽

Self Cleaning

Abstract In this work, the water-dissolved surface modifier method was introduced to recycled high-density polyethylene (rHDPE) matrix to fabricate green superhydrophobic surfaces. Surface cavities on rHDPE are formed by sodium chloride particles which can be readily rinsed off and reused. Water contact angle, self-cleaning properties, and surface morphology were characterized. By creating porosity onto the rHDPE matrix, the surface exhibits an excellent self-cleaning property with a water contact angle larger than 150°. Surface morphology reveals the porosity and roughness of the surface. In this fabricating process, no chemicals are used while rHDPE is selected for the purpose. Based on the findings, it is proven that the superhydrophobic surface can be fabricated with a simple yet green approach.

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Fabrication and Corrosion Resistance of Superhydrophobic Hydroxide Zinc Carbonate Film on Aluminum Substrates

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2013/139768 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Jin Liang ◽

Yunchu Hu ◽

Yiqiang Wu ◽

Hong Chen

Keyword(s):

Contact Angle ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Water Contact Angle ◽

Superhydrophobic Surface ◽

Aluminum Substrate ◽

Morphological Observation ◽

Water Contact ◽

Zinc Carbonate ◽

Eis Measurements ◽

Aluminum Substrates

Superhydrophobic hydroxide zinc carbonate (HZC) films were fabricated on aluminum substrate through a convenient in situ deposition process. Firstly, HZC films with different morphologies were deposited on aluminum substrates through immersing the aluminum substrates perpendicularly into aqueous solution containing zinc nitrate hexahydrate and urea. Secondly, the films were then modified with fluoroalkylsilane (FAS: CH3(CF2)6(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3) molecules by immersing in absolute ethanol solution containing FAS. The morphologies, hydrophobicity, chemical compositions, and bonding states of the films were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle measurement (CA), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. It was shown by surface morphological observation that HZC films displayed different microstructures such as microporous structure, rose petal-like structure, block-shaped structure, and pinecone-like structure by altering the deposition condition. A highest water contact angle of 156.2° was obtained after FAS modification. Moreover, the corrosion resistance of the superhydrophobic surface on aluminum substrate was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The EIS measurements’ results revealed that the superhydrophobic surface considerably improved the corrosion resistance of aluminum.

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Long-Term Stable Metal Organic Framework (MOF) Based Mixed Matrix Membranes for Ultrafiltration

10.26434/chemrxiv.13399367 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Muayad Al-shaeli ◽

Stefan J. D. Smith ◽

Shanxue Jiang ◽

Huanting Wang ◽

Kaisong Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contact Angle ◽

Water Contact Angle ◽

Mixed Matrix Membranes ◽

Recovery Ratio ◽

Mixed Matrix ◽

Water Contact ◽

Membrane Performance ◽

Metal Organic ◽

Matrix Membranes

In this study, novel <a>mixed matrix polyethersulfone (PES) membranes</a> were synthesized by using two different kinds of metal organic frameworks (MOFs), namely UiO-66 and UiO-66-NH2. The composite membranes were characterised by SEM, EDX, FTIR, PXRD, water contact angle, porosity, pore size, etc. Membrane performance was investigated by water permeation flux, flux recovery ratio, fouling resistance and anti-fouling performance. The stability test was also conducted for the prepared mixed matrix membranes. A higher reduction in the water contact angle was observed after adding both MOFs to the PES and sulfonated PES membranes compared to pristine PES membranes. An enhancement in membrane performance was observed by embedding the MOF into PES membrane matrix, which may be attributed to the super-hydrophilic porous structure of UiO-66-NH2 nanoparticles and hydrophilic structure of UiO-66 nanoparticles that could accelerate the exchange rate between solvent and non-solvent during the phase inversion process. By adding the MOFs into PES matrix, the flux recovery ratio was increased greatly (more than 99% for most mixed matrix membranes). The mixed matrix membranes showed higher resistance to protein adsorption compared to pristine PES membranes. After immersing the membranes in water for 3 months, 6 months and 12 months, both MOFs were stable and retained their structure. This study indicates that UiO-66 and UiO-66-NH2 are great candidates for designing long-term stable mixed matrix membranes with higher anti-fouling performance.

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