scholarly journals Encapsulation of Carotenoids as Food Colorants via Formation of Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 454-476
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Fuenmayor ◽  
Omar G. Baron-Cangrejo ◽  
Paula A. Salgado-Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Cyclodextrin Complex ◽  
Food Colorants ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Food Matrices ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Key Aspects

The use of natural carotenoids as food colorants is an important trend of innovation in the industry due to their low toxicity, their potential as bio-functional ingredients, and the increasing demand for natural and organic foods. Despite these benefits, their inclusion in food matrices presents multiple challenges related to their low stability and low water solubility. The present review covers the main concepts and background of carotenoid inclusion complex formation in cyclodextrins as a strategy for their stabilization, and subsequent inclusion in food products as color additives. The review includes the key aspects of the molecular and physicochemical properties of cyclodextrins as complexing agents, and a detailed review of the published evidence on complex formation with natural carotenoids from different sources in cyclodextrins, comparing complex formation methodologies, recovery, inclusion efficiency, and instrumental characterization techniques. Moreover, process flow diagrams (PFD), based on the most promising carotenoid-cyclodextrin complex formation methodologies reported in literature, are proposed, and discussed as a potential tool for their future scale-up. This review shows that the inclusion of carotenoids in complexes with cyclodextrins constitutes a promising technology for the stabilization of these pigments, with possible advantages in terms of their stability in food matrices.

scholarly journals Encapsulation of Carotenoids as Food Colorants via Formation of Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Fuenmayor ◽  
Omar Giovanny Baron Cangrejo ◽  
Paula Andrea Salgado Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Cyclodextrin Complex ◽  
Food Colorants ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Food Matrices ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Key Aspects

The use of natural carotenoids as food colorants is an important trend of innovation in the industry due to their low toxicity, their potential as bio-functional ingredients, and the increasing demand for natural and organic foods. Despite these benefits, their inclusion in food matrices presents multiple challenges related to their low stability and low water solubility. The present review covers the main concepts and background of carotenoid inclusion complex formation in cyclodextrins as a strategy for their stabilization, and subsequent inclusion in food products as color additives. The review includes the key aspects of the molecular and physicochemical properties of cyclodextrins as complexing agents, and a detailed review of the published evidence on complex formation with natural carotenoids from different sources in cyclodextrins, comparing complex formation methodologies, recovery, inclusion efficiency, and instrumental characterization techniques. Moreover, process flow diagrams (PFD), based on the most promising carotenoid-cyclodextrin complex formation methodologies, are proposed, and discussed as a potential tool for their future scale-up. This review shows that the inclusion of carotenoids in complexes with cyclodextrins constitutes a promising technology for the stabilization of these pigments, with possible advantages in terms of their stability in food matrices.

Development and Characterization of the Neuroregenerative Xanthohumol C/Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Complex Suitable for Parenteral Administration

Planta Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (16) ◽  
pp. 1233-1241
Author(s):  
Michael Kirchinger ◽  
Lara Bieler ◽  
Julia Tevini ◽  
Michael Vogl ◽  
Elisabeth Haschke-Becher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Pharmaceutical Research ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Cyclodextrin Complex ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Strong Candidate

AbstractThe chroman-like chalcone Xanthohumol C, originally found in hops, was demonstrated to be a potent neuroregenerative and neuroprotective natural product and therefore constitutes a strong candidate for further pharmaceutical research. The bottleneck for in vivo experiments is the low water solubility of this chalcone. Consequently, we developed and validated a suitable formulation enabling in vivo administration. Cyclodextrins were used as water-soluble and nontoxic complexing agents, and the complex of Xanthohumol C and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin was characterized using HPLC, HPLC-MS, NMR, and differential scanning calorimetry. The water solubility of Xanthohumol C increases with increasing concentrations of cyclodextrin. Using 50 mM 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, solubility was increased 650-fold. Furthermore, in vitro bioactivity of Xanthohumol C in free and complexed form did not significantly differ, suggesting the release of Xanthohumol C from 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. Finally, a small-scaled in vivo experiment in a rat model showed that after i. p. administration of the complex, Xanthohumol C can be detected in serum, the brain, and the cerebrospinal fluid at 1 and 6 h post-administration. Mean (± SD) Xanthohumol C serum concentrations after 1, 6, and 12 h were determined as 463.5 (± 120.9), 61.9 (± 13.4), and 9.3 (± 0.8) ng/mL upon i. v., and 294.3 (± 22.4), 45.5 (± 0.7), and 13 (± 1.0) ng/mL after i. p. application, respectively. Accordingly, the formulation of Xanthohumol C/2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is suitable for further in vivo experiments and further pharmaceutical research aiming for the determination of its neuroregenerative potential in animal disease models.

scholarly journals Water-Soluble Substances of Arglabin

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
S.M. Adekenov ◽  
А.N. Zhabayeva ◽  
G.М. Baisarov
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactone ◽  
Glycyrrhizic Acid ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Complex Compounds ◽  
Disodium Salt ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mechanochemical Treatment ◽  
Complexing Agents

The article discusses the results of a study of the water solubility of natural sesquiterpene lactone arglabin, in particular, its ability to complex formation with complexing agents polyvinylpyrrolidone, the disodium salt of glycyrrhizic acid, magnesium carbonate. Mechanocomposites with polyvinylpyrrolidone and disodium salt of glycyrrhizic acid, which have increased water solubility, were obtained by the method of mechanochemical treatment of arglabin native. At the same time, the best result of dissolution in water is achieved by a two-hour treatment with polyvinylpyrrolidone and with disodium salt of glycyrrhizic acid. The water solubility of complex compounds of arglabin with polyvinylpyrrolidone increases by 4.61 times, and with disodium salt of glycyrrhizic acid by 4.42 times.

scholarly journals Recent Findings in Azaphilone Pigments

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 541
Author(s):  
Lúcia P. S. Pimenta ◽  
Dhionne C. Gomes ◽  
Patrícia G. Cardoso ◽  
Jacqueline A. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Downstream Processing ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Yield Improvement ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
New Compounds

Filamentous fungi are known to biosynthesize an extraordinary range of azaphilones pigments with structural diversity and advantages over vegetal-derived colored natural products such agile and simple cultivation in the lab, acceptance of low-cost substrates, speed yield improvement, and ease of downstream processing. Modern genetic engineering allows industrial production, providing pigments with higher thermostability, water-solubility, and promising bioactivities combined with ecological functions. This review, covering the literature from 2020 onwards, focuses on the state-of-the-art of azaphilone dyes, the global market scenario, new compounds isolated in the period with respective biological activities, and biosynthetic pathways. Furthermore, we discussed the innovations of azaphilone cultivation and extraction techniques, as well as in yield improvement and scale-up. Potential applications in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and textile industries were also explored.

scholarly journals Targeting PirAvp and PirBvp Toxins of Vibrio parahaemolyticus with Oilseed Peptides: An In Silico Approach

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1211
Author(s):  
Joe-Hui Ong ◽  
Wey-Lim Wong ◽  
Fai-Chu Wong ◽  
Tsun-Thai Chai
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Toxin Binding ◽  
Binding Peptides ◽  
Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Tryptic Hydrolysis ◽  
Dual Target

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), caused by PirAvp- and PirBvp-releasing Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains, has resulted in massive mortality in shrimp aquaculture. Excessive use of antibiotics for AHPND management has led to antibiotic resistance, highlighting the urgency to search for alternatives. Using an in silico approach, we aimed to discover PirAvp/PirBvp-binding peptides from oilseed meals as alternatives to antibiotics. To search for peptides that remain intact in the shrimp digestive tract, and therefore would be available for toxin binding, we focused on peptides released from tryptic hydrolysis of 37 major proteins from seeds of hemp, pumpkin, rape, sesame, and sunflower. This yielded 809 peptides. Further screening led to 24 peptides predicted as being non-toxic to shrimp, fish, and humans, with thermal stability and low water solubility. Molecular docking on the 24 peptides revealed six dual-target peptides capable of binding to key regions responsible for complex formation on both PirAvp and PirBvp. The peptides (ISYVVQGMGISGR, LTFVVHGHALMGK, QSLGVPPQLGNACNLDNLDVLQPTETIK, ISTINSQTLPILSQLR, PQFLVGASSILR, and VQVVNHMGQK) are 1139–2977 Da in mass and 10–28 residues in length. Such peptides are potential candidates for the future development of peptide-based anti-AHPND agents which potentially mitigate V. parahaemolyticus pathogenesis by intercepting PirAvp/PirBvp complex formation.

An Assessment of Olmesartan Medoxomil Tablet by Inclusion Complex Technique

2021 ◽  
pp. 193-197
Author(s):  
Deepak Sarangi ◽  
Subhashree Mallick ◽  
Anjum Ara ◽  
Sanjeeb Kumar Sahoo ◽  
Rabinarayan Rana
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Olmesartan Medoxomil ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor ◽  
Current Effort ◽  
Ir Studies ◽  
Beta Cyclodextrin ◽  
Ft Ir

Olmesartan Medoxomil is an AT1 subtype selected angiotensin-II receptor antagonist approved for the treatment of hypertension. It has low water solubility, so the current effort is being made to enhance the solubility of the Olmesartan by inclusion complex and to incorporate them into tablets by direct compression. Complexing agent like Beta cyclodextrin and polyvinyalpyrrolidone has been used for complexation method. FT-IR studies have shown that there is no link between drugs and complexing agents. Among all methods, the inclusion complex (OLBCD 3) containing the drug: Beta cyclodextrin in a 1: 3 ratio showed rapid drug release (87.41% within 30 minutes) and post compression parameters are within limits. All the values obtained from pre compression and post compression parameters meets the legal requirements for tablets. Stability studies of batch no OLBCD 3 shows no significant change. Therefore, it can be concluded that the structure was stable.

scholarly journals Analytical and Sample Preparation Techniques for the Determination of Food Colorants in Food Matrices

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantina Ntrallou ◽  
Helen Gika ◽  
Emmanouil Tsochatzis
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Food Matrix ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Food Colorants ◽  
Food Matrices ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Color additives are widely used by the food industry to enhance the appearance, as well as the nutritional properties of a food product. However, some of these substances may pose a potential risk to human health, especially if they are consumed excessively and are regulated, giving great importance to their determination. Several matrix-dependent methods have been developed and applied to determine food colorants, by employing different analytical techniques along with appropriate sample preparation protocols. Major techniques applied for their determination are chromatography with spectophotometricdetectors and spectrophotometry, while sample preparation procedures greatly depend on the food matrix. In this review these methods are presented, covering the advancements of existing methodologies applied over the last decade.

scholarly journals Psychological therapies for post-traumatic stress disorder

2000 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwen Adshead
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Key Aspects

BackgroundAfter exposure to traumatic stressors, a subgroup of survivors (20–30%) will develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).AimsSince the incidence and prevalence rates for PTSD in the community are significant, it is important that general practitioners and psychiatrists be familiar with possible therapeutic options. In this review we shall look at the published evidence about the effectiveness of psychological treatments for PTSD.MethodThe psychopathological mechanisms involved in PTSD are discussed. Studies of the effectiveness of different psychological therapies are reviewed.ResultsThe review suggests that persistent fear or shame reactions are key aspects of PTSD. Evidence from systematic reviews suggests that psychotherapeutic treatments are effective in the therapy of reactions based on fear, and may increase the effectiveness of pharmacological therapy. There is less systematic evidence for the efficacy of interventions for symptoms based on shame.ConclusionsAlthough a proportion of patients with complex or chronic PTSD may require specialist interventions, most patients can be treated effectively by a general psychiatric service which can offer both pharmacological and psychological interventions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document