scholarly journals Mining and Indigenous Peoples of the North: Assessment and Development Prospects

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Evdokia Burtseva ◽  
Anatolii Sleptsov ◽  
Anna Bysyina ◽  
Alla Fedorova ◽  
Gavril Dyachkovskii
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
The North ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Indigenous Minorities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Siberia

The main industry in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the mining industry, which will continue to expand in the future. Already today there are quite a lot of investment projects for the development of minerals in the Arctic, North-West and South Yakutia, which will be implemented in the territories of indigenous minorities of the North. Indigenous Evens, Evenks, Yukaghirs make up 4.2% of the total population of the republic and are characterized by low genetic diversity, which can lead to negative consequences in relation to their health status when exposed to technogenic pollution. Purpose of the study: assessment of the state of life of indigenous minorities of the North in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) under the conditions of a new stage of industrial development of territories of traditional nature management. The planned increasing industrial development of territories of traditional nature management can cause large-scale disturbances of the earth’s surface, depletion of biological resources, environmental pollution, which will ultimately lead to deterioration in the quality of life of the population. In order to take measures to prevent and reduce the negative impacts of industrial development of the territories of residence and traditional activities of indigenous minorities of the North, when implementing new projects, the expert commission recommends concluding a trilateral agreement on cooperation and financing of specific programs between industrial companies, government bodies of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and authorized representatives of indigenous minorities of the North. Research area—the position of indigenous minorities of the North in the conditions of industrial development of the North, Siberia and the Far East. This study looks at the impact of industrial development on the natural environment and the traditional way of life of indigenous population. Compensation for damage to the nomadic tribal communities of reindeer herders has taken place. Only about 250 thousand representatives of 40 indigenous peoples live in these regions, who are included in the official list of indigenous minorities of the North, Siberia and the Far East.

scholarly journals The tribal community of the indigenous peoples of the North in the system of traditional nature management

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-581
Author(s):  
A.N. Sleptsov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Local Population ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Tribal Community ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The North ◽  
Tribal Communities ◽  
The Republic

The article considers the role and place of nomadic tribal communities of indigenous peoples of the North in administration of traditional nature management. It is shown that the emergence of such communities is due to a profound transformation of economic relations in the Arctic in the context of the transition to new economic conditions in the 90s of the XX century. The author gives the characteristic of such tribal communities in the municipal areas of the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Using the example of the nomadic tribal community “Omoloy” in the Ust-Yansky district of the republic, he shows its role in the development of traditional nature management, ensuring employment and income of the local population. The author presents the scheme of interaction of the tribal community as a primary production unit with government authorities and other economic entities to ensure the socio-economic development of the Arctic territories and substantiates the measures for the harmonization of relations between tribal communities and mining companies in the context of the Arctic industrial development.

scholarly journals SPEECH PORTRAIT OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE NORTH, SIBERIA AND THE FAR EAST IN A BILINGUAL CONTEXT

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Алёна Васильевна Иванова
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Far East ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The North ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
North Siberia ◽  
Written Speech

Современные процессы глобализации ускоряют угрозу исчезновения языков коренных малочисленных народов Севера. В сегодняшних условиях активного развития би- и полилингвизма проблема сохранения и развития исчезающих языков северных народов особенно актуальна. В этих реалиях необходимо использовать благоприятные возможности владения двумя и более языками. В статье представлено описание фрагмента коллективного речевого портрета детей в контексте дву- и полиязычия. Теоретико-методологической основой исследования послужили работы ученых-лингвистов, посвященные проблемам речевого портрета, языковой личности. Материалом послужили результаты исследований, проведенных в 3 регионах Российской Федерации, где проживают представители коренных малочисленных народов Севера, Сибири и Дальнего Востока: эвены, эвенки, долганы, ненцы, ханты, селькупы и др. Всего исследованием было охвачено 253 респондента, представляющие три группы: учащиеся, учителя и родители. При создании фрагмента речевого портрета выявлены социокультурные, социолингвистические, психологические, этнолингвистические факторы, влияющие на развитие устной и письменной речи детей. Проведен анализ аудиозаписей устной речи (диалогические и монологические высказывания) и письменных работ. Для наиболее полного описания речевого портрета был использован комплексный подход с привлечением социально-психологических характеристик, описания речевых уровней владения устной и письменной речью (на материале использования различных синтаксических конструкций) и особенностей речевого общения в семье, школе, с друзьями. Выбор комплексного подхода обоснован тем, что он содействует представлению речевого портрета, отражающего уникальную картину детского речевого поведения в различных коммуникативных ситуациях. Modern processes of globalization are accelerating the threat of the disappearance of the languages of the indigenous peoples of the North. In today's conditions of active development of bi — and polylinguism, the problem of preserving and developing the endangered languages of the Northern peoples is particularly relevant. In these circumstances, it is necessary to take advantage of favorable opportunities for proficiency in two or more languages. The article describes a fragment of a collective speech portrait of children in the context of two — (poly)paganism. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the work of linguists devoted to the problems of speech portrait, language personality. The material is based on the results of research conducted in 3 regions of the Russian Federation where representatives of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East live: Evens, Evenks, Dolgans, Nenets, Khanty, Selkups etc. A total of 253 respondents were included in the study, representing three groups: students, teachers, and parents. When creating a fragment of a speech portrait, sociocultural, sociolinguistic, psycho-logical, and ethnolinguistic factors affecting the development of children's oral and written speech were identified. The analysis of audio recordings of oral speech (dialogic and monological statements) and written works is carried out. For the most complete description of the speech portrait, an integrated approach was used involving socio-psychological characteristics, descriptions of speech levels of oral and written speech (based on the use of various syntactic constructions) and features of speech communication in the family, school, and with friends. The choice of an integrated approach is justified by the fact that it contributes to the presentation of a speech portrait that reflects a unique picture of children's speech behavior in various communicative situations.

Co-Management by Indigenous Minorities of the North over Arctic Territories in the Period of Their Commercial Development

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Геннадий Чеботарев ◽  
Gyennadiy CHyebotaryev ◽  
Елена Гладун ◽  
Elena Gladun
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
The State ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
The North ◽  
Indigenous Minorities ◽  
The Russian Federation

The authors explain the significance of the presented subject by the current intensive industrial development of the Arctic territories of the Russian Federation and other Northern countries, which apart from positive economic and social benefits, also brings climate change, environmental problems and destroys traditional lifestyle and economy management of indigenous minorities of the North. The article proves that in many countries indigenous minorities of the North are interested not only in enforcement and guarantees of their rights on the part of the state, but also in making managerial decisions on the use and protection of territories which is the traditional place of their inhabitance and economic activity, together with government authorities and resource-users. The authors view co-management as an efficient model of interrelations between the state, local self-government and indigenous minorities of the North. The authors analyze international rules, foreign laws and regulations, and legislation of the Russian Federation that create legal framework for the implementation of the co-management model in the Arctic territories of Russia. In their article the authors indicate gaps in federal legislation in the area of protection of the Northern indigenous peoples’ rights to govern the territories of their traditional inhabitance and economic activity. In the end the authors state the possibilities to fill the gaps in the federal and regional legislation on the indigenous minorities’ rights, in particular, they suggest approving and ratifying international documents on indigenous peoples, including co-management norms, into the RF legislation, and also expanding possibilities of government and local authorities on indigenous minorities’ involvement into management over the Northern territories.

A correlation analysis of the relationship between the indicators of traditional activities and the population of the Arctic zone in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Е.В. РОМАНОВА ◽  
Н.В. ХАРАЙДАНОВ
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Sakha Republic ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Relationship

В статье представлены результаты корреляционного анализа взаимосвязи показателей численности населения Арктической зоны республики и результатов традиционного хозяйствования, которые для населения являются жизнеобеспечивающими. Стратегическое развитие Арктической зоны России и в том числе Республики Саха (Якутия) нацелено на создание опорных зон развития, формирование которых должно носить комплексный характер, учитывающий и промышленное освоение территорий, и защиту уклада жизни малочисленных коренных народов Севера. При этом статистика народонаселения свидетельствует о сокращении численности населения. Поэтому в статье была принята гипотеза о взаимосвязи показателей численности населения и показателей традиционного хозяйствования, среди которых были выбраны показатели поголовья северных оленей, крупного рогатого скота и лошадей. Для анализа взаимосвязей была использована эмпирическая база статистических данных за период 2017-2019 гг. по 13-ти арктическим районам (улусам) Арктической зоны Республики Саха (Якутия). Для проведения корреляционного анализа предварительно была изучена вариация по значениям показателей. Высокий уровень вариации показателей может быть объяснен тем фактом, что территория Арктической зоны республики достаточно обширна, включает 13 муниципальных районов, для каждого из которых характерен тот или иной вид хозяйствования. Корреляционный анализ включал расчет линейных парных коэффициентов корреляции за каждый год исследуемого периода. Значения коэффициентов корреляции показали, что взаимосвязь существует и имеет умеренно-сильный характер только по показателям поголовья КРС и лошадей, а по показателю поголовья северных оленей взаимосвязь не подтвердилась. В дополнение к показателям корреляции были рассчитаны коэффициенты эластичности, которые подтвердили данные выводы. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для повышения степени информированности органов государственной и местной власти в части разработки и реализации государственных мероприятий по освоению Севера России. The article presents the results of a correlation analysis of the relationship between the indices of the number of indigenous peoples of northern Yakutia and the results of traditional management, which are life-supporting for the population of the Arctic zone of the republic. The strategic development of the Russian Arctic zone, including the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), is aimed at creating supporting development zones, the formation of which should be of an integrated nature, taking into account both the industrial development of territories and the protection of the way of life of the indigenous peoples of the North. At the same time, the population statistics indicate a decline in the population. Therefore, the article adopted a hypothesis about the relationship between population indicators and indicators of traditional farming (the number of reindeer, cattle, and horses). To analyze the relationships, we used an empirical database of statistical data for the period 2017-2019 for 13 Arctic districts (uluses) of the Arctic zone of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). To carry out the correlation analysis, the variation in the values ​​of the indicators was preliminarily studied. The high level of variation in indicators can be explained by the fact that the territory of the Arctic zone of the republic is quite extensive, including 13 municipal districts, each of which is characterized by one or another type of management. The correlation analysis included the calculation of linear paired correlation coefficients for each year of the study period. The values ​​of the correlation coefficients showed that the relationship exists and has a moderately strong character only in terms of the number of cattle and horses; in terms of the number of reindeer, the relationship was not confirmed. In addition to the correlation measures, elasticity coefficients were calculated, which confirmed these conclusions. The results of the study can be used to increase the awareness of state and local authorities in terms of the development and implementation of state measures for the development of the North of Russia.

scholarly journals Damage Compensation for Indigenous Peoples in the Conditions of Industrial Development of Territories on the Example of the Arctic Zone of the Sakha Republic

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burtseva Evdokia ◽  
Bysyina Anna
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Far East ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The North

In the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, hereinafter SR, the Arctic zones are the original habitat of indigenous peoples, who can conduct economic activities only in undisturbed or lightly disturbed lands. From this point of view, the problem of compensation for losses of indigenous peoples as a result of industrial development of territories is of particular relevance. At the same time, it is necessary to identify the main problems of indemnification of losses of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North (ISNPN) during the industrial development of the traditional natural resource management territories (TNRMT). The study was conducted using historical, geographical, analytical, synthetic, and statistical methods. In the Arctic zone, the diamond mining, gold mining, and coal mining industrial facilities are located inside TNRM areas. In the near future, it is planned to revive the tin industry, develop oil and gas fields on the continental Arctic shelf, and develop the Tomtor Complex Rare-Earth Deposit. In 2010, a law of the SR was passed: “On Ethnological Expertise in the Places of Traditional Residence and Traditional Economic Activities of the Peoples of the SR”. To date, in the ethnological examination of SR, we have investigated 13 investment business projects. In the course of the investigation, it turned out that most of the comments from both experts and tribal communities concern the section of compensation for damages. The official methodology developed on materials from the polar regions of the western part of Russia cannot be extrapolated to the entire territory of the North, Siberia, and the Far East. It is necessary to develop regional methods for calculating losses of indigenous peoples, which regulate the interaction of subsoil users with the authorities and representatives of the clan communities engaged in traditional crafts.

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