Extraction of Areas of Rice False Smut Infection Using UAV Hyperspectral Data

Rice false smut (RFS), caused by Ustilaginoidea virens, is a significant grain disease in rice that can lead to reduced yield and quality. In order to obtain spatiotemporal change information, multitemporal hyperspectral UAV data were used in this study to determine the sensitive wavebands for RFS identification, 665–685 and 705–880 nm. Then, two methods were used for the extraction of rice false smut-infected areas, one based on spectral similarity analysis and one based on spectral and temporal characteristics. The final overall accuracy of the two methods was 74.23 and 85.19%, respectively, showing that the second method had better prediction accuracy. In addition, the classification results of the two methods show that the areas of rice false smut infection had an expanding trend over time, which is consistent with the natural development law of rice false smut, and also shows the scientific nature of the two methods.

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A novel transcription factor UvCGBP1 regulates development and virulence of rice false smut fungus Ustilaginoidea virens

Virulence ◽

10.1080/21505594.2021.1936768 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 1563-1579

Author(s):

Xiaoyang Chen ◽

Pingping Li ◽

Hao Liu ◽

Xiaolin Chen ◽

Junbin Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factor ◽

Smut Fungus ◽

Ustilaginoidea Virens ◽

Rice False Smut ◽

False Smut

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Quantitative Proteomics Analysis Reveals the Function of the Putative Ester Cyclase UvEC1 in the Pathogenicity of the Rice False Smut Fungus Ustilaginoidea virens

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22084069 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

pp. 4069

Author(s):

Xiaoyang Chen ◽

Zhangxin Pei ◽

Pingping Li ◽

Xiabing Li ◽

Yuhang Duan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Proteomics ◽

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Protein Localization ◽

Proteomics Data ◽

Ustilaginoidea Virens ◽

Rice False Smut ◽

Oxidative Stresses ◽

Tandem Mass Tag ◽

Cyclase Domain ◽

False Smut

Rice false smut is a fungal disease distributed worldwide and caused by Ustilaginoidea virens. In this study, we identified a putative ester cyclase (named as UvEC1) as being significantly upregulated during U. virens infection. UvEC1 contained a SnoaL-like polyketide cyclase domain, but the functions of ketone cyclases such as SnoaL in plant fungal pathogens remain unclear. Deletion of UvEC1 caused defects in vegetative growth and conidiation. UvEC1 was also required for response to hyperosmotic and oxidative stresses and for maintenance of cell wall integrity. Importantly, ΔUvEC1 mutants exhibited reduced virulence. We performed a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomic analysis to identify differentially accumulating proteins (DAPs) between the ΔUvEC1-1 mutant and the wild-type isolate HWD-2. Proteomics data revealed that UvEC1 has a variety of effects on metabolism, protein localization, catalytic activity, binding, toxin biosynthesis and the spliceosome. Taken together, our findings suggest that UvEC1 is critical for the development and virulence of U. virens.

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The role of Ustilaginoidea virens sclerotia in increasing incidence of rice false smut disease in the subtropical zone in China

European Journal of Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s10658-017-1312-8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 150 (3) ◽

pp. 669-677 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mingli Yong ◽

Qide Deng ◽

Linlin Fan ◽

Jiankun Miao ◽

Chaohui Lai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ustilaginoidea Virens ◽

Subtropical Zone ◽

Rice False Smut ◽

False Smut

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Insights into the susceptibility of rice to a floral disease

10.1101/2021.03.03.433744 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Guo-Bang Li ◽

Jing Fan ◽

Jie Liu ◽

Jin-Long Wu ◽

Xiao-Hong Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Virulence Factor ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Ustilaginoidea Virens ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Causal Fungus ◽

False Smut ◽

Grain Yield And Quality ◽

Fungal Immunity ◽

Anti Fungal

Crop floral diseases are economically important as they reduce grain yield and quality and even introduce food toxins. Rice false smut has emerged as a serious floral disease producing mycotoxins. However, very little is known on the interaction mechanisms between rice flower and the causal fungus Ustilaginoidea virens. Here we show that a conserved anti-fungal immunity in rice flower is disarmed by U. virens via a secreted protein UvChi1. UvChi1 functioned as an essential virulence factor and directly interacted with the chitin receptor CEBiP and co-receptor CERK1 in rice to disrupt their oligomerizations and subsequent immune responses. Moreover, intraspecific-conserved UvChi1 could target OsCEBiP/OsCERK1 receptor complex in at least 98.5% of 5232 surveyed rice accessions. These results demonstrate that U. virens utilizes a crucial virulence factor to subvert chitin-triggered flower immunity in most rice varieties, providing new insights into the susceptibility of rice to false smut disease.

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Frequency distribution of sensitivity of Ustilaginoidea virens to four EBI fungicides, prochloraz, difenoconazole, propiconazole and tebuconazole, and their efficacy in controlling rice false smut in Anhui Province of China

Phytoparasitica ◽

10.1007/s12600-013-0288-y ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 277-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Yu Chen ◽

Yong Zhang ◽

Jian Yao ◽

Yun-Fei Li ◽

Xue Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Frequency Distribution ◽

Anhui Province ◽

Ustilaginoidea Virens ◽

Rice False Smut ◽

False Smut

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Genetic diversity and population structure of the rice false smut pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens in Sichuan-Chongqing region

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-04-21-0750-re ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anfei Fang ◽

Zhuangyuan Fu ◽

Zexiong Wang ◽

Yuhang Fu ◽

Yubao Qin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Recombination ◽

Resistance Breeding ◽

Ustilaginoidea Virens ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Rice False Smut ◽

Geographical Populations ◽

False Smut

Rice false smut caused by Ustilaginoidea virens is currently one of the most devastating fungal diseases of rice panicles worldwide. In this study, two novel molecular markers derived from SNP-rich genomic DNA fragments and a previously reported molecular marker were used for analyzing the genetic diversity and population structure of 167 U. virens isolates collected from nine areas in Sichuan-Chongqing region, China. A total of 62 haplotypes were identified, and a few haplotypes with high frequency were found and distributed in two to three areas, suggesting gene flow among different geographical populations. All isolates were divided into six genetic groups. The groups Ⅰ and Ⅵ were the largest including 61 and 48 isolates, respectively. The pairwise FST values showed significant genetic differentiation among all compared geographical populations. AMOVA showed that intergroup genetic variation accounted for 40.17% of the total genetic variation, while 59.83% of genetic variation came from intragroup. The UPGMA dendrogram and population structure revealed that the genetic composition of isolates collected from ST (Santai), NC (Nanchong), YC (Yongchuan), and WS (Wansheng) dominated by the same genetic subgroup was different from those collected from other areas. In addition, genetic recombination was found in a few isolates. These findings will help to improve the strategies for rice false smut management and resistance breeding, such as evaluating breeding lines with different isolates or haplotypes at different elevations and landforms.

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