scholarly journals Instrumented Cone Penetrometer for Dense Layer Characterization

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5782
Author(s):  
Jong-Sub Lee ◽  
Yong-Hoon Byun
Keyword(s):  
Strain Gauges ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Cone Penetrometer ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Cone Resistance ◽  
Subsurface Characterization ◽  
Penetration Index ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Infrastructure Design ◽  
Dynamic Cone Penetration

Subsurface characterization is essential for a successful infrastructure design and construction. This paper demonstrates the use of an instrumented cone penetrometer (ICP) for a dense layer characterization at two sites. The ICP consists of a cone tip and rods equipped with an accelerometer and four strain gauges, which allow dynamic driving, in addition to quasi-static pushing of the cone. The force and velocity of the cone are measured using the ICP instrumentation and compared with the N value, dynamic cone penetration index, and static cone resistance. A strong correlation has been observed between the total cone resistance estimated from the ICP and the dynamic cone penetration index and static cone resistance. After the correction of the dynamic cone resistance effect, the static component of the total cone resistance can be used as an alternative to a static cone resistance. This novel approach of soil resistance estimation using the ICP may be useful for dense layer characterization.

Cone penetration testing in snow

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo H. J. Schaap ◽  
Paul M. B. Föhn
Keyword(s):  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Cone Penetrometer ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Penetration Testing ◽  
Cone Resistance ◽  
Cone Penetration Testing ◽  
Chart Recorder ◽  
Special Cone

The application of the electric cone penetrometer test in snow has been investigated and compared with results from the ram penetrometer test, which is normally used for snow profiling and slope stability analysis. A special cone penetrometer system was built consisting of a sensitive 1 cm2 electric cone, depth transducer, and battery-operated chart recorder. The instruments were tested in April 1985 at three different locations in the Swiss Alps and the test results were compared with those of the ram penetrometer tests.The tests yielded repeatable results up to a depth of 4 m with a high resolution of different snow layers. The electric cone tests show more layers than found in the ram profile and snow pit analyses. In soft snow the ram resistances appear to be, on average, about 30% lower than cone resistance values. Recommendations are given for the future use of electric cone penetration testing in snow. Key words: snow, snowpack analysis, cone penetration test, ram penetrometer, cone resistance, ram resistance, ram number.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Estimation Methods of Dynamic Resistance Using Dynamic Cone Penetrometer

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3085
Author(s):  
Sang Yeob Kim ◽  
Jong-Sub Lee ◽  
Dong-Ju Kim ◽  
Yong-Hoon Byun
Keyword(s):  
Integration Method ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Dynamic Resistance ◽  
Cone Penetrometer ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Dynamic Cone Penetrometer ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Dynamic Cone Penetration Test ◽  
Dynamic Cone Penetration

Dynamic resistance, which can be used to express strength in the unit of stress and improve the reliability of the dynamic cone penetration test (DCPT), has been estimated by numerous methods. This study aims to compare different dynamic resistance estimation methods by using an instrumented dynamic cone penetrometer (IDCP). DCPTs are conducted using a standard dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) and IDCP in the laboratory and field. Dynamic responses are obtained from the strain gauges and an accelerometer installed at the cone tip of the IDCP. The test results show that dynamic resistance is more efficient in distinguishing profiles than the dynamic cone penetration index. Among the methods to estimate the dynamic resistance at the cone tip, the force-velocity integration method and force integration method are more related to the conventional dynamic resistance considering the potential energy of the hammer than the force squared integration method. Additionally, the dynamic resistance estimated for a longer time period is more reliable, particularly for small driving rod lengths. Regarding the limitation of the dynamic response from an accelerometer in a previous study, the force-based dynamic resistance estimated for a longer time period can be used as the most reliable approach for further soil strength characterization.

Cone penetrometer incorporated with dynamic cone penetration method for investigation of track substructures

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Taek Hong ◽  
Yong-Hoon Byun ◽  
Sang Yeob Kim ◽  
Jong-Sub Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cone Penetrometer ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Dynamic Cone Penetration

scholarly journals Gas Detection and Identification Using Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Based Sensor Fusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Parag Narkhede ◽  
Rahee Walambe ◽  
Shruti Mandaokar ◽  
Pulkit Chandel ◽  
Ketan Kotecha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Fusion ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Multiple Sensors ◽  
Single Output ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Single Sensor

With the rapid industrialization and technological advancements, innovative engineering technologies which are cost effective, faster and easier to implement are essential. One such area of concern is the rising number of accidents happening due to gas leaks at coal mines, chemical industries, home appliances etc. In this paper we propose a novel approach to detect and identify the gaseous emissions using the multimodal AI fusion techniques. Most of the gases and their fumes are colorless, odorless, and tasteless, thereby challenging our normal human senses. Sensing based on a single sensor may not be accurate, and sensor fusion is essential for robust and reliable detection in several real-world applications. We manually collected 6400 gas samples (1600 samples per class for four classes) using two specific sensors: the 7-semiconductor gas sensors array, and a thermal camera. The early fusion method of multimodal AI, is applied The network architecture consists of a feature extraction module for individual modality, which is then fused using a merged layer followed by a dense layer, which provides a single output for identifying the gas. We obtained the testing accuracy of 96% (for fused model) as opposed to individual model accuracies of 82% (based on Gas Sensor data using LSTM) and 93% (based on thermal images data using CNN model). Results demonstrate that the fusion of multiple sensors and modalities outperforms the outcome of a single sensor.

Optimum Strain Gauge Application to Bladed Assemblies

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Szwedowicz ◽  
S. M. Senn ◽  
R. S. Abhari
Keyword(s):  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Strain Gauges ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Algorithm Optimization ◽  
Rotating Blades ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Present Technique ◽  
Optimization Function ◽  
Rotating Impeller

Optimum placements of the strain gauges assure reliable vibration measurements of structural components such as rotating blades. Within the framework of cyclic vibration theory, a novel approach has been developed for computation of the optimum gauge positions on tuned bladed discs regarding the determined sensitivity, orthogonality, gradient and distance criteria. The utilized genetic algorithm optimization tool allows for an effective numerical search of suitable solutions of the defined optimization function. A rotating impeller disc represented by a cyclic finite element model demonstrates the application of this method. The present technique can be easily applied to other structural components requiring optimal strain gauge instrumentation.

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