scholarly journals Strategies for Deploying a Sensor Network to Explore Planetary Lava Tubes

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6203
Author(s):  
Himangshu Kalita ◽  
Jekan Thangavelautham
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Communication Link ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Lava Tube ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Lava Tubes ◽  
Distance Communication ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Exploration Mission

Recently discovered pits on the surface of the Moon and Mars are theorized to be remnants of lava tubes, and their interior may be in pristine condition. Current landers and rovers are unable to access these areas of high interest. However, multiple small, low-cost robots that can utilize unconventional mobility through ballistic hopping can work as a team to explore these environments. In this work, we propose strategies for exploring these newly discovered Lunar and Martian pits with the help of a mother-daughter architecture for exploration. In this architecture, a highly capable rover or lander would tactically deploy several spherical robots (SphereX) that would hop into the rugged pit environments without risking the rover or lander. The SphereX robots would operate autonomously and perform science tasks, such as getting inside the pit entrance, obtaining high-resolution images, and generating 3D maps of the environment. The SphereX robot utilizes the rover or lander’s resources, including the power to recharge and a long-distance communication link to Earth. Multiple SphereX robots would be placed along the theorized caves/lava tube to maintain a direct line-of-sight connection link from the rover/lander to the team of robots inside. This direct line-of-sight connection link can be used for multi-hop communication and wireless power transfer to sustain the exploration mission for longer durations and even lay a foundation for future high-risk missions.

scholarly journals Analysis of transmission characteristics of non-line-of-sight ultraviolet light under complex channel conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 336 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Xuan Zheng ◽  
Yanfeng Tang ◽  
Jingyi Du
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Mie Scattering ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Communication Link ◽  
Communication Quality ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Non Line Of Sight

Using the multiple scattering model of non-line-of-sight ultraviolet light to simulate and analyze the atmospheric channel characteristics in the complex environment of haze and dust. The Mie scattering theory and T matrix method are used to analyze the path loss of spherical particles and non-spherical particles with particle concentration at different communication distances. The results show that when the communication distance is less than 50 meters, the communication quality under severe haze is the best, and for long-distance communication, the path loss under severe haze increases almost proportionally. In the non-line-of-sight ultraviolet light communication link, the higher the concentration of dust particles, the better the communication quality of the non-line-of-sight ultraviolet light communication transmission. Analysis of the scattering coefficient of spherical particles is significantly greater than that of non-spherical particles.

Design and Implementation of Electronic Bus Stop Boards System Based on Wireless Communication Module

2014 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 2441-2444
Author(s):  
Cai Rong Zhang ◽  
Guo Liang Liu ◽  
Bin Wei
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Short Range ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Bus Stop ◽  
Passenger Travel ◽  
Communication Module ◽  
Distance Communication

To the convenience of passenger travel, a kind of electronic bus stop boards system is discussed in this paper, which can be considered as intelligent equipment based on wireless communication technology. The combination between short-range wireless and long-distance communication module, together with the microcontroller composes the electronic bus stop boards system. The electronic bus stop boards system indicates the number of stations away from passengers’ station board on different nearest buses, current time and real-time humiture. The test results showed that the system could realize short-range and long-distance communication function and display the necessary information. With the advantages of high reliability and efficiency at low cost, the electronic bus stop boards system has more practical popularized value to replace traditional intelligent station boards with GPS and GPRS by cheap wireless communication module.

Design and Implementation of Embedded Wireless Smart Gateway Based on PXA270

2012 ◽  
Vol 463-464 ◽  
pp. 1327-1331
Author(s):  
Hong Yan Kang
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
System A ◽  
Internal Network ◽  
Distance Communication

To release the connection problem between two different wireless communication technologies in conventional smart home system, a new embedded wireless smart based on PXA270, Zigbee and GPRS was designed. Web server was built on embedded system which uses PXA270 as core, and the exchange of information between internal network and the Internet via Zigbee module and GPRS module. ZigBee network mainly for short-distance communication and the GPRS network mainly for long-distance communications, so they can on the basis of complementary advantages to achieve a long-distance data transmission linked together by gateway. This paper presents the hardware architecture and the software implementation process. The experimental results show that this system has advantages of high reliability and low cost, so it can be applied to environmental monitoring and the smart home system

scholarly journals Design of Ku Band Microstrip Patch Antenna Array for Satellite Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 7903-7908
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Patch Antennas ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Array Configuration ◽  
Microstrip Patch Antennas ◽  
Microstrip Patch ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Satellite Applications ◽  
Distance Communication

Conventional Microstrip patches are in small in size, but their gain is quite low for most applications. Long-distance communication requires high gain antennas. For conventional applications that require high gain mostly depends on parabolic antennas and arrays. Manufacturing parabolic antennas became complex at high frequencies because of its bent geometry. Microstrip Patch Antennas are low profile, low cost, they come with ease of fabrication and results in high beam scan width and high gain when they were used as an array configuration. In this paper, square and circular shaped Microstrip patch antennas are excited with inset feed are analyzed to determine which shape of antenna works well at the Ku (12-18GHz) Range of Frequency. Return loss, VSWR, Gain, and Directivity parameters are considered to analyze the above configurations. CST studio suite tool was used to simulate the configurations.

scholarly journals A Long-Distance Communication Architecture for Medical Devices Based on LoRaWAN Protocol

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 940
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Cristina Gaitan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
Distance Communication

Recent market studies show that the market for remote monitoring devices of different medical parameters will grow exponentially. Globally, more than 4 million individuals will be monitored remotely from the perspective of different health parameters by 2023. Of particular importance is the way of remote transmission of the information acquired from the medical sensors. At this time, there are several methods such as Bluetooth, WI-FI, or other wireless communication interfaces. Recently, the communication based on LoRa (Long Range) technology has had an explosive development that allows the transmission of information over long distances with low energy consumption. The implementation of the IoT (Internet of Things) applications using LoRa devices based on open Long Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN) protocol for long distances with low energy consumption can also be used in the medical field. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed and developed a long-distance communication architecture for medical devices based on the LoRaWAN protocol that allows data communications over a distance of more than 10 km.

scholarly journals Quantum repeaters based on concatenated bosonic and discrete-variable quantum codes

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Rozpędek ◽  
Kyungjoo Noh ◽  
Qian Xu ◽  
Saikat Guha ◽  
Liang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Quantum Codes ◽  
Discrete Variable ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Concatenated Code ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Optical Modes ◽  
Distance Communication ◽  
Quantum Repeaters ◽  
Quantum Error

AbstractWe propose an architecture of quantum-error-correction-based quantum repeaters that combines techniques used in discrete- and continuous-variable quantum information. Specifically, we propose to encode the transmitted qubits in a concatenated code consisting of two levels. On the first level we use a continuous-variable GKP code encoding the qubit in a single bosonic mode. On the second level we use a small discrete-variable code. Such an architecture has two important features. Firstly, errors on each of the two levels are corrected in repeaters of two different types. This enables for achieving performance needed in practical scenarios with a reduced cost with respect to an architecture for which all repeaters are the same. Secondly, the use of continuous-variable GKP code on the lower level generates additional analog information which enhances the error-correcting capabilities of the second-level code such that long-distance communication becomes possible with encodings consisting of only four or seven optical modes.

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