scholarly journals Influence of Harvest Time, Method of Preparation and Method of Distillation on the Qualitative Properties of Organically Grown and Wild Helichrysum italicum Immortelle Essential Oil

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Ana Matin ◽  
Ivan Pavkov ◽  
Mateja Grubor ◽  
Vanja Jurišić ◽  
Mislav Kontek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Organically Grown

The most important process in immortelle is the extraction of the essential oil by distillation. The chemical properties of the plant depend largely on the cultivation type, climatic conditions and agrotechnical measures. In this work, studies were carried out on organically grown and wild immortelle harvested during the summer (July) and autumn (October) seasons of 2020. Immortelle samples were prepared by drying naturally in two ways: in direct sunlight and in shade. To extract the essential oil, immortelle was distilled in two ways: on an industrial and a laboratory scale. The essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography to determine the composition and quality of the essential oil. The results of this work showed that the qualitative properties of the essential oil were influenced by the cultivation type, harvesting time, preparation method and distillation method. A higher yield (0.21% ± 0.03) of essential oil was obtained from wild immortelle whereas a better utilization rate (0.38% ± 0.09) of essential oil was obtained from the organically grown immortelle. It was also found that a higher yield of essential oil was obtained from the summer harvest (0.19% ± 0.01) and a higher utilization rate from the autumn harvest (0.33% ± 0.13) with the industrial scale distillation and shade drying. In general, better qualitative properties of immortelle essential oil were obtained from wild immortelle, which was confirmed by a chromatographic analysis and better content of γ-curcumene (16.64% ± 0.30) and neryl acetate (8.15% ± 0.19) and other constituents except α-pinene where organically grown had a higher share (24.27% ± 0.97).

scholarly journals Influence of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Agronomic Traits, Essential Oil and Components under Semi-Arid Climate

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Gulen Ozyazici
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Biological Yield

Environmental contamination and the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers resulting in stagnant yields of field crops which necessitate the utilization of combined fertilization approach under changing climatic conditions. Current study was aimed to clarify the influence of several fertilizer sources (chemical, organic, organomineral fertilizers) on yield and quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The results revealed that the fertilizer sources significantly affected the yield of coriander cultivars. The absence of “Year x Variety x Fertilizer Type” interactions for any of the noted parameters signaled that the detected “Variety x Fertilizer Type” interactions were constant regardless of the year factor. The recorded values of traits according to fertilizer sources different for the plant height from 61.85 to 69.67 cm, number of branches from 5.98 to 7.71 (piece/plant), number of umbels per the main umbel from 5.62 to 7.18 pieces, seed yield from 1.06 to 1.66 t/ha, the biological yield from 4.29 to 5.70 t ha−1, harvest index from 25.29 to 29.41%, essential oil ratio from 0.29 to 0.33%, and essential oil yield from 3.1 to 5.6 L ha−1. Erbaa variety was observed to be superior over the rest of the varieties producing the maximum values of 6.5 L ha−1 of essential oil, 0.36% essential oil content, 30.9% harvest index, 1.81 t/ha seed yield, and 5.9 t ha−1 biological yield with the treatment of chemical fertilizers.

scholarly journals Experimental Paper. The effect of different development stages on the quantity and quality of the essential oil of Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle in Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Razieh Ebadati Esfahani ◽  
Pejman Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Capillary Gc ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Mexican Lime ◽  
Lime Tree ◽  
Scientific Name

Summary Introduction: The Mexican lime tree with the scientific name of Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle have great economic value because of its essential oil with a unique flavour. Objective: The essential oils from the peel of C. aurantifolia were collected during three development periods. Methods: The essential oil was analyzed by capillary GC and GC-MS. Results: The essential oil yields (v/w%) were 1.54%, 0.88% and 1.23%, respectively. The highest oil yield was obtained at stage I (1.54% v/w). The analysis of the essential oil indicated that limonene, β-pinene, geranial, neral and γ-terpinene were the main compounds of all samples. At the first stage, the highest percentages belonged to limonene (39.38%), geranial (14.32%) and neral (11.01%). On the other hand, the highest percentages of β-pinene and γ-terpinene (24.25% and 8.92%, respectively) were found at the final stage. Conclusion: Therefore, it is concluded that the harvest time has a considerable effect on the content and amount of lime fruit essential oil.

In Situ Conservation of the Roman Mosaics at the Villa of Boscéaz (Orbe, Switzerland): Diagnosis of Risks Involved

1996 ◽  
Vol 462 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Flatt ◽  
F.J. Girardet ◽  
D.C. Weidmann
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Thermal Dilatation ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Physical And Chemical

ABSTRACTIn order to maintain the archaeological integrity of the site of Boscéaz, one of the most remarkable north of the Alps because of the number and quality of its roman mosaics, it is intended to maintain these in situ and on their original support. This mode of conservation implies many risks, mainly linked to the climatic variations and to the presence of water and salts in the ground and the mosaics. The high degree of damage observed on these mosaics discovered more than 150 years ago illustrates this fact.The aim of this study has been to establish a diagnosis of the risks linked to the uncovering and the in situ conservation of a mosaic recently discovered (currently covered with protective materials). This diagnosis has been established on the basis of the measurement of the physical and chemical properties of the mosaic and the ground.It turned out that the rising of salts from the ground to the mosaic would be the major problem and that consequently a dessalaision will have to be carried out. Concerning the choice of the climatic conditions for conservation, the critical zone in which the salts present crystallize was determined. The thermal dilatation of the materials appeared relatively small, but might become damageable in the long term because of a possible hysteresis. The hydrie dilatation turned out to be negligible.

scholarly journals Effect of Spraying Algae Extract and Potassium Nitrate on the Yield and Fruit Quality of Barhee Date Palms

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 922
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alebidi ◽  
Khalid Almutairi ◽  
Mohamed Merwad ◽  
Essam Mostafa ◽  
Mohamed Saleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Date Palms

The effect of foliar spray with algae extract and/or potassium nitrate on the quantity and quality of Barhee date palm yields was investigated during the 2017 and 2018 seasons. Inflorescences of Barhee date palms were sprayed twice, after pollination (1st April of each season) and one month later, with algae extract at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.0% and with potassium nitrate at concentrations of 1% and 2% applied individually or in combinations. The obtained results showed that all of the sprayed treatments enhanced the yield and fruit properties when compared to the controls. Spraying inflorescences of Barhee date palms with algae extract and/or potassium nitrate had a significant effect on the yield and on the physical and chemical properties of the fruit when compared with the untreated palms. The increase in yield and qualitative properties was associated with increasing concentrations of both materials (algae extract and potassium nitrate). The best results were detected with spray containing high rates of combined treatment (1% algae extract + 2% potassium nitrate) applied twice in both seasons studied because this treatment resulted in the highest value of fruit and bunch weight, increased the yield per palm compared to the control by about 60.2%, and improved the fruit physical properties (fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit shape index, flesh weight, and seed weight) and fruit chemical properties (total soluble solids (TSS); acidity; TSS/acid ratio; tannins; and reducing, nonreducing, and total sugars) of the Barhee date palm given the experimental conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Sodium Alginate in Combination with Zataria multiflora Boiss. on Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, and Browning Enzymes of Fresh In-Hull Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Maryam Hashemi ◽  
Ahmad Shakerardekani ◽  
Abdolmajid Mirzaalian Dastjerdi ◽  
SeyedHossein Mirdehghan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Zataria Multiflora ◽  
Thyme Essential Oil ◽  
Lyase Activity ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase Activity

The color of fresh pistachio is used as a postharvest quality indicator. The present study was performed to investigate the chemical properties of fresh pistachios coated with different sodium alginate concentrations (1 and 1.5%), various amounts of Shirazi thyme essential oil (0.3 and 0.5%), and their combination during storage (2 ± 1°C and 85 ± 5% RH). Over the storage duration, chemical parameters were measured on days 13, 26, and 39. The results showed that although the application of sodium alginate in combination with thyme essential oil decreased polyphenol oxidase activity in comparison with other treatments, the highest total phenolics and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity were found in pistachios coated with alginate (1%) + thyme essential oil (0.3% and 0.5%). In general, it was proven that treatments containing 1% alginate + 0.3% essential oil had the ability to maintain the quality of fresh pistachio fruit approximately over 39 days of storage.

scholarly journals The effects of oleaster flour, active gluten and sucrose replacement with potassium acesulfame and isomalt on the qualitative properties of functional sponge cakes

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaneh Babashahi Kouhanestani ◽  
Hajar Abbasi ◽  
Nafiseh Zamindar
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Elaeagnus Angustifolia ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Total Phenolic Compound ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Oleaster (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.) is a fruit with special nutraceutical value which grows under a wide range of climatic conditions in Europe and Asia. In the present study, the effects of oleaster flour (15%, 30% and 45%) and active gluten at (0 and 3%) on the physical, chemical and sensory properties of sponge cakes were assessed. The best sample was selected based on the qualitative properties and compared with the control with respect to the staling rate and nutritional aspects. In order to decrease the calories, the sucrose content of the selected sample was replaced with potassium acesulfame and isomalt at the levels of 30%, 50% and 70%. Oleaster flour increased the density but decreased the hardness and cohesiveness of the cake. Active gluten decreased the density and hardness but increased the cohesiveness and springiness. Considering the qualitative properties of the sponge cakes, the sample containing 30% oleaster flour and 3% gluten (30 OFG) was selected as the best. Replacement of the sucrose in 30 OFG increased the hardness, density, redness and yellowness of the crumb. With 30% sucrose replacement, the quality of the product was adequately maintained. The use of oleaster significantly increased the calcium, potassium, crude fibre, fat and total phenolic compound contents of the sponge cakes as compared to the control. The sample containing 30% oleaster flour and 3% gluten with 30% sucrose replacement showed appropriate physicochemical, textural and sensory properties.

scholarly journals The variability of secondary metabolites in mentha × piperita cv . ‘perpeta’ during the development of inflorescence

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fialová ◽  
D. Tekeľová ◽  
E. Švajdlenka ◽  
P. Potúček ◽  
K. Jakubová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Phenolic Substances

AbstractMentha × piperita (L.) Huds. of the family Lamiaceae is a very important species for commercial exploitation due to the high content of essential oil. Besides the essential oils, there are also other significant secondary metabolites in peppermint, especially flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic derivatives. In this study, we evaluate the variability of essential oil constituents and of phenolic compounds in the leaves of M. × piperita during the development of inflorescence. Similar studies, dealing with the variation of the essential oils and its composition, have been performed in the past, but no attention was paid to the variation of other secondary metabolites. We examined M. × piperita cv. ‘Perpeta’, the domestic cultivar. The plants were cultivated in the climatic conditions of south-west Slovakia. The contents of secondary metabolites were investigated in the week periods, from the beginning of inflorescence formation to the end of flowering. The yield and the quality of essential oil have been carried out by distillation and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The phenolic substances were analysed using spectrophotometric methods according to European Pharmacopoeia. The highest contents of phenolic substances have been found in leaves of plants during the flowering phenophase, the same stage when essential oil of mint also achieves the highest quality.

CASSAVA STARCH-BASED EDIBLE COATINGS ENRICHED WITH Alpina purpurata AND Kaempferia rotunda ESSENTIAL OILS FOR PATIN FILLETS PRESERVATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (4-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohula Utami ◽  
Danar Praseptiangga ◽  
Edhi Nurhartadi ◽  
Godras Jati Manuhara ◽  
Lia Umi Khasanah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
Frozen Fish ◽  
Alpinia Purpurata ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Cassava starch–based edible coating enriched with essential oil of Alpinia purpurata and Kaempferia rotunda was applied to preserve patin fillets during frozen storage. The quality of fillets was analyzed based on microbiological and chemical properties. Different concentration of essential oil in distilled water, 0 % (control), 0.1 % and 1 % (v/v), was added in cassava starch–based edible coating. The addition of essential oil significantly inhibited the microbial growth by reducing protein deterioration and delaying lipid oxidation in fillets during 4 mo of frozen storage. The results indicates that essential oil of Alpinia purpurata and Kaempferia rotunda can be used as an alternative preservation as it could protect frozen fish fillets from deterioration and extend the shelf life.

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