scholarly journals Viewing Gamification Design Limitations and Weaknesses through a Pandemic Lens

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Gene Klein
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Educational Setting ◽  
Design Recommendations ◽  
Pedagogical Interventions ◽  
Unrealistic Expectations ◽  
Design Challenges

Design challenges and limitations of gamification were examined using the COVID-19 pandemic as a lens. Online or remote environments were also examined. These environments highlight the literature gap in evidence-based design recommendations and studies that isolate gamification from other pedagogical interventions or methodologies. The literature recognizes the differences between actual games and gamification. Gamification focuses and relies on entertainment to boost academic achievement. This focus on entertainment and its implications to motivation, both intrinsic and extrinsic, are examined. This reliance on entertainment creates unrealistic expectations. In fact, gamification expectations may be conflated with game expectations—especially in an educational setting.

Treatment effects of an evidence-based teacher training on improving academic achievement and behavioral performance for children with aggression

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Chi-Ching Chuang
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Teacher Training ◽  
Classroom Management ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Behavioral Performance ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
School Year

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] The purpose this study was to examine the treatment effects of an evidence-based teacher training -- Incredible Years Teacher Classroom Management (IY TCM) -- for children with aggression. Specifically, treatment effects were expected to be demonstrated on both academic achievement and behavioral performance. Previous studies have accumulated evidence regarding the co-occurrence of children's aggressive behavior and academic failure (Darney et al., 2012; Reinke et al., 2008); the negative trajectories continue for them, indicating negative outcomes in adolescent and adulthood. When children enter school, they spend more time learning with peers and being supervised by school teachers. Classroom management has been demonstrated as a factor in either escalating children's aggressive behavior or decreasing those problematic behaviors (Reinke and Herman, 2002; Webster-Stratton et al., 2001). IY TCM trains teachers in evidence-based practices of effective practical behavioral management strategies, teacher-child relationship skills, parent-teacher collaboration, behavior plans addressing developmentally appropriate goals for individual students, and ways to promote students' emotional regulation, social skills and problem-solving skills. Previous studies about IY TCM were mostly conducted with other treatments of IY series. This study was one of the first studies to investigate treatment effectiveness of IY TCM. Participants included 1818 students (Grade K to 3) and 105 teachers from nine elementary schools in a large Midwestern school district. 52 teachers were randomly assigned to receive IY TCM, indicating 901 students in the intervention group. 74 % of the participated students are African American and 50 % of them received free reduced lunch (FRL). All outcome variables were assessed before and after intervention implementation. Results support the hypotheses associated with research questions one and two which indicated that higher levels of aggression as reported by teachers would be associated with lower academic achievement on both reading and math at the beginning of school year and the end of school year controlling demographic variables such as gender, FRL and race. A hierarchical linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the main effects and the hypotheses that baseline levels of aggression moderate the relationship between intervention status and outcomes. Results indicated a significant intervention status by baseline aggression interaction moderated children's math achievement. Additionally, significant moderation was found on children's emotional regulation and prosocial behaviors. Lastly, research question five and six focused on evaluating whether students with high level of aggressive behavior would demonstrate greater growth in academics and social emotional performance in comparison to less aggressive children in the treatment group. The hypothesis of greater improvement on academic achievement or social emotional performance for children with higher levels of aggression than their classroom peers post intervention was not supported. Further implication for practice and direction for future research based on the findings were discussed.

Determinants for the decision of chemotherapy in advanced cancer patients.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 110-110
Author(s):  
Charles Velter ◽  
Helene de-La-Menardiere ◽  
Francois Goldwasser
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Palliative Medicine ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Cytotoxic Chemotherapy ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Multidisciplinary Meetings ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Unrealistic Expectations

110 Background: Chemotherapy is often prescribed in order not to despair a patient in an advanced stage of cancer, while the physician identifies an unfavorable benefit/risk ratio. The use of chemotherapy in terminally ill cancer patients in the last months of life is associated with an increased risk of aggressive care (Wright A et al. BMJ; 348:g1219 doi: 10, 2014). We previously showed that multidisciplinary meetings with palliative specialists reduce futility (Colombet I et al. BMJ Support Palliat Care; 2(3):239-47, 2012). We studied the parameters leading to inappropriate palliative chemotherapy in France: How oncologists face to unrealistic expectations and what is the process for the decision-making leading to chemotherapy beyond evidence-based medicine? Methods: The study was conducted in April 2014 in Paris, France. We designed a Multiple Choice Questionnaire. The first part described a clinical situation of a patient with advanced pancreatic cancer with evidence-based factors for not doing chemotherapy. The second part included questions regarding the behavior of the oncologist. Results: We included 62 oncologists. While 58 oncologists (94%) considered beneficial to include palliative medicine specialists, 44 (71%) chose to prescribe cytotoxic chemotherapy. In the decision-making process, 49 oncologists (79%) gave more weight to the demand of the patients than to the benefit/risk ratio. The validated scores for the evaluation of life-expectancy in this setting were not known in 19 cases (31%). In advanced disease, 42 oncologists (68%) acknowledged to decide without multidisciplinary staff meeting. Conclusions: The decision-making in advanced disease tended to be solitary. Cytotoxic chemotherapy appears as a common answer to unrealistic expectations. Multidisciplinary meetings with palliative medicine specialists are recommended to improve end-of-life decisions.

scholarly journals Walkable Environments and Healthy Urban Moves: Urban Context Features Assessment Framework Experienced in Milan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Rebecchi ◽  
Maddalena Buffoli ◽  
Marco Dettori ◽  
Letizia Appolloni ◽  
Antonio Azara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Active Transport ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Design Recommendations ◽  
The City

Recent studies in public health have focused on determining the influences of the built environment on the population’s physical and mental health status. In order to promote active transport and physical activity, considered favorable behavior for the prevention non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, it is necessary to reduce the negative effects of the built environment and develop positive ones, such as, for example, a walkable urban space. The aim of the research is to define a city’s walkability assessment framework capable of highlighting points of strength and weakness in its urban environment. All of the aspects that have a direct influence (evidence-based) on fostering the adoption of healthy lifestyles or promoting active transport as a strategy to increase the level of physical activity due to the existence of daily urban travel should be considered. After conducting a literature review aimed at identifying all of the existing assessment tools, 20 research studies were examined in detail. The new evaluation method arises from the comparison and critical selection of the various qualitative–quantitative indicators found, integrated into a multi-criteria analysis structure of dual-scale survey, with reference to walkability and paying attention to those indicators that have implications on health promotion. The new assessment framework, named Milano Walkability Measurement (MWM), is applicable in different urban contexts and was tested in two different areas of Milan. The Macro dimension (i.e., Density, Diversity, and Design criteria) refers to the urban scale and examines the city from a top view. It describes quantitatively the overall urban factors (urban area size equal to 1.5 Km2; typology of data: archival). The Micro dimension (i.e., Usefulness, Safeness, Comfort, and Aesthetics criteria) investigates the city at the street scale level. It describes qualitatively features of the outdoor spaces (road length of about 500/700 mt; typology of data: observational). Finally, the framework was weighted by comparison with a panel of experts. The expected results were reflected in the design recommendations based on the collected qualitative-quantitative data. The developed assessment method brings innovative criteria such as the multi-scaling assessment phase (Macro and Micro) and the ability to take into consideration aspects that according to the literature have relationships with health promotion linked to the improvement of a healthy lifestyle, related to daily active transportation choices. The design recommendations are useful both to policy-makers, to make evidence-based specific choices, and to designers, to understand what aspects of the urban environment must be improved or implemented in order to promote a walkable city.

scholarly journals Evidence-based design recommendations for prevalence studies on multimorbidity: improving comparability of estimates

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara M. Holzer ◽  
Klarissa Siebenhuener ◽  
Matthias Bopp ◽  
Christoph E. Minder
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based ◽  
Design Recommendations ◽  
Prevalence Studies

Human Factors Guidelines for the Design of Mobile Medical Environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Jones ◽  
Katherine Bubric ◽  
Susan Biesbroek ◽  
Jason Laberge
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Interior Design ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Air Ambulances ◽  
Equipment And Supplies ◽  
Design Recommendations ◽  
Design Challenges

Mobile medical environments, such as ground and air ambulances, have unique design challenges that can affect safe and effective patient care. Members of a provincial human factors department completed five evaluation projects on the interior design of these environments, resulting in the generation of more than 250 design recommendations. An inductive content analysis informed the development of a list of human factors guidelines for designing various mobile medical environments. Guidelines address equipment and supplies, patient visibility and monitoring, practitioner and patient comfort and ergonomics, communication, and working in motion.

The Future of Health Journalism

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Schwitzer
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
News Stories ◽  
The Future ◽  
Health Journalism ◽  
Unrealistic Expectations ◽  
Care System

AbstractThe HealthNewsReview.org project finds that many news stories reflect an overly optimistic view of progress in medical research. This may lead citizens to develop unrealistic expectations of their health care system, raising undue demand for costly and unproven approaches that may, in the end, cause more harm than good. The future of health journalism will be determined by which roles journalists choose for themselves: cheerleader or watchdog, fear-mongerer or evidence-based reporter, part of the solution or part of the problem.

scholarly journals Classroom for Debate: When Students with Autism Succeed in Inclusive Classrooms

Elements ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Jean Abate
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
General Education ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Inclusive Classrooms ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Educational Setting ◽  
Students With Autism ◽  
Current Practices

This paper aims to determine whether current practices ensure success for students with Autism Spectrum Disorder who participate within an inclusive educational setting by examining four perspectives: students with Autism Spectrum Disorder and their general education counterparts, educators, financial funding for such programs, and the academic achievement of autistic students who receive the service. While much literature on inclusive education is supportive, the findings indicate that the service operates on questionable intentions and practices that may or may not be beneficial for its recipients. Despite the setbacks associated with inclusive education, autistic students are capable of succeeding within these classrooms. Suggestions can be formulated to modify such practices to ensure that all autistic students are educated in a manner that allows them to share the same level of achievement as their general peers in education.

Abstraction: An alternative neurocognitive account of recognition, prediction, and decision making

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie F. Reyna ◽  
David A. Broniatowski
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Software Engineering ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Trace Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Trace Theory ◽  
Abstract Representations ◽  
Technical Systems

Abstract Gilead et al. offer a thoughtful and much-needed treatment of abstraction. However, it fails to build on an extensive literature on abstraction, representational diversity, neurocognition, and psychopathology that provides important constraints and alternative evidence-based conceptions. We draw on conceptions in software engineering, socio-technical systems engineering, and a neurocognitive theory with abstract representations of gist at its core, fuzzy-trace theory.

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