scholarly journals Characterization of Plant Growth-Promoting Traits and Inoculation Effects on Triticum durum of Actinomycetes Isolates under Salt Stress Conditions

Soil Systems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Rihab Djebaili ◽  
Marika Pellegrini ◽  
Massimiliano Rossi ◽  
Cinzia Forni ◽  
Maria Smati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Hydrocyanic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Assays

This study aimed to characterize the halotolerant capability, in vitro, of selected actinomycetes strains and to evaluate their competence in promoting halo stress tolerance in durum wheat in a greenhouse experiment. Fourteen isolates were tested for phosphate solubilization, indole acetic acid, hydrocyanic acid, and ammonia production under different salt concentrations (i.e., 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, and 1.5 M NaCl). The presence of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity was also investigated. Salinity tolerance was evaluated in durum wheat through plant growth and development parameters: shoot and root length, dry and ash-free dry weight, and the total chlorophyll content, as well as proline accumulation. In vitro assays have shown that the strains can solubilize inorganic phosphate and produce indole acetic acid, hydrocyanic acid, and ammonia under different salt concentrations. Most of the strains (86%) had 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity, with significant amounts of α-ketobutyric acid. In the greenhouse experiment, inoculation with actinomycetes strains improved the morpho-biochemical parameters of durum wheat plants, which also recorded significantly higher content of chlorophylls and proline than those uninoculated, both under normal and stressed conditions. Our results suggest that inoculation of halotolerant actinomycetes can mitigate the negative effects of salt stress and allow normal growth and development of durum wheat plants.

Specificity of Phospholipid Binding to Indole Acetic Acid and Other Auxins

1974 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Veen
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Phospholipid Binding ◽  
Primary Action

Abstract Studies in vitro on the binding of phospholipids with IAA, α-NAA and some of their biologically inactive analogues demonstrate that the observed interaction between IA A and lecithin is not related to the primary action of the hormone in plant growth.

scholarly journals Production of Stilbenes in Callus Cultures of the Maltese Indigenous Grapevine Variety, Ġellewża

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 2112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariella Bonello ◽  
Uroš Gašić ◽  
Živoslav Tešić ◽  
Everaldo Attard
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Grapevine Variety

The production of secondary metabolites in tissue culture has been considered as an alternative to the cultivation and harvesting of crops intended for this purpose. The present study was aimed at the growth of callus and production of polyphenolic compound of callus derived from a Maltese indigenous grapevine variety, Ġellewża. Callus was inoculated onto plant growth regulators-enriched Murashige Skoog media (MSm) to determine whether polyphenols are produced in vitro as well as to determine the best combination of plant growth regulators needed for the production of these metabolites. From results obtained, it was observed that the best callus production was obtained by auxin-enriched MSm. In fact, indole acetic acid and indole acetic acid /6-benzyl aminopurine enhanced biomass accumulation (3.04 g and 3.39 g) as opposed to the others (<1.97 g). On the other hand, parameters showing the presence of flavonoids (tonality, 3.80), particularly anthocyanins (24.09 mg/kg) and total polyphenols (1.42 mg/g), were optimum in the presence of cytokinins, particularly 6-benzyl aminopurine. Analysis for single polyphenols revealed a high amount a particular stilbene: polydatin (glucoside of resveratrol). Resveratrol and other typical polyphenols, found in mature berries, were also found in significant quantities, while the other polyphenolic compounds were found in minimal quantities. This is the first study to describe the production and composition of polyphenols in Ġellewża callus cultures. From the results obtained, it can be seen that this grape tissue is an excellent alternative for the production of polyphenols from the stilbene group, which can be upscaled and exploited commercially.

scholarly journals Alleviation of Salt Stress in Wheat Seedlings via Multifunctional Bacillus aryabhattai PM34: An In-Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 8030
Author(s):  
Shehzad Mehmood ◽  
Amir Abdullah Khan ◽  
Fuchen Shi ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Tariq Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Bacillus Aryabhattai

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria play a substantial role in plant growth and development under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. However, understanding about the functional role of rhizobacterial strains for wheat growth under salt stress remains largely unknown. Here we investigated the antagonistic bacterial strain Bacillus aryabhattai PM34 inhabiting ACC deaminase and exopolysaccharide producing ability to ameliorate salinity stress in wheat seedlings under in vitro conditions. The strain PM34 was isolated from the potato rhizosphere and screened for different PGP traits comprising nitrogen fixation, potassium, zinc solubilization, indole acetic acid, siderophore, and ammonia production, along with various extracellular enzyme activities. The strain PM34 showed significant tolerance towards both abiotic stresses including salt stress (NaCl 2 M), heavy metal (nickel, 100 ppm, and cadmium, 300 ppm), heat stress (60 °C), and biotic stress through mycelial inhibition of Rhizoctonia solani (43%) and Fusarium solani (41%). The PCR detection of ituC, nifH, and acds genes coding for iturin, nitrogenase, and ACC deaminase enzyme indicated the potential of strain PM34 for plant growth promotion and stress tolerance. In the in vitro experiment, NaCl (2 M) decreased the wheat growth while the inoculation of strain PM34 enhanced the germination% (48%), root length (76%), shoot length (75%), fresh biomass (79%), and dry biomass (87%) over to un-inoculated control under 2M NaCl level. The results of experiments depicted the ability of antagonistic bacterial strain Bacillus aryabhattai PM34 to augment salt stress tolerance when inoculated to wheat plants under saline environment.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Salt Tolerant Endophytic and Rhizospheric Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) Associated with the Halophyte Plant (Sesuvium Verrucosum) Grown in KSA

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 552-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A.M. El-Awady ◽  
Mohamed M. Hassan ◽  
Yassin M. Al-Sodany
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Exponential Growth Phase ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Growth Promoting

This study was designed to isolate and characterize endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria associated with the halophyte plant Sesuvium verrucosum, grown under extreme salinity soil in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The plant growth promotion activities of isolated bacterial were evaluated in vitro. A total of 19 salt tolerant endophytic and rhizospheric bacterial isolates were obtained and grouped into six according to genetic similarity based on RAPD data. These six isolates were identified by amplification and partial sequences of 16S rDNA as Enterobacter cancerogenus,Vibrio cholerae, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and two Enterobacter sp. Isolates were then grown until exponential growth phase to evaluate the atmospheric nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and production of phytohormones such as indole-3-acetic acid, as well as 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity. While, All of the six strains were negative for ACC deaminaseactivity, two isolates showed Nitrogen fixation activity, three isolates produce the plant hormone (Indole acetic acid) and two isolates have the activity of solubiliztion of organic phosphate. Among the six isolates, the isolate (R3) from the soil around the roots is able to perform the three previous growth promoting possibilities together and it is ideal for use in promoting the growth of plants under the high salinity conditions. This isolate is candidate to prepare a friendly biofertelizer that can be used for the improvement of the crops performance under salinity conditions.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(3): 552-560

scholarly journals The Salt-Stress Response of the Transgenic Plum Line J8-1 and Its Interaction with the Salicylic Acid Biosynthetic Pathway from Mandelonitrile

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustina Bernal-Vicente ◽  
Daniel Cantabella ◽  
Cesar Petri ◽  
José Hernández ◽  
Pedro Diaz-Vivancos
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Chlorophyll Content And Fluorescence ◽  
Salt Stress Response

Salinity is considered as one of the most important abiotic challenges that affect crop productivity. Plant hormones, including salicylic acid (SA), are key factors in the defence signalling output triggered during plant responses against environmental stresses. We have previously reported in peach a new SA biosynthetic pathway from mandelonitrile (MD), the molecule at the hub of the cyanogenic glucoside turnover in Prunus sp. In this work, we have studied whether this new SA biosynthetic pathway is also present in plum and the possible role this pathway plays in plant plasticity under salinity, focusing on the transgenic plum line J8-1, which displays stress tolerance via an enhanced antioxidant capacity. The SA biosynthesis from MD in non-transgenic and J8-1 micropropagated plum shoots was studied by metabolomics. Then the response of J8-1 to salt stress in presence of MD or Phe (MD precursor) was assayed by measuring: chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters, stress related hormones, levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants, the expression of two genes coding redox-related proteins, and the content of soluble nutrients. The results from in vitro assays suggest that the SA synthesis from the MD pathway demonstrated in peach is not clearly present in plum, at least under the tested conditions. Nevertheless, in J8-1 NaCl-stressed seedlings, an increase in SA was recorded as a result of the MD treatment, suggesting that MD could be involved in the SA biosynthesis under NaCl stress conditions in plum plants. We have also shown that the plum line J8-1 was tolerant to NaCl under greenhouse conditions, and this response was quite similar in MD-treated plants. Nevertheless, the MD treatment produced an increase in SA, jasmonic acid (JA) and reduced ascorbate (ASC) contents, as well as in the coefficient of non-photochemical quenching (qN) and the gene expression of Non-Expressor of Pathogenesis-Related 1 (NPR1) and thioredoxin H (TrxH) under salinity conditions. This response suggested a crosstalk between different signalling pathways (NPR1/Trx and SA/JA) leading to salinity tolerance in the transgenic plum line J8-1.

scholarly journals Isolation and screening for plant growth-promoting (PGP) actinobacteria from Araucaria angustifolia rhizosphere soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Leandro Figueiredo de Vasconcellos ◽  
Mylenne Calciolari Pinheiro da Silva ◽  
Carlos Marcelo Ribeiro ◽  
Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Soil Ecosystems ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Vitro Production

Actinobacteria are capable of playing several different roles in soil ecosystems. These microorganisms affect other organisms by producing secondary metabolites and are responsible for the degradation of different complex and relatively recalcitrant organic compounds. In our survey of actinobacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of Araucaria angustifolia, five culture media (AI, WYE, YCED, MSSC and LNMS) were compared for their effectiveness in isolating these microorganisms. When summing up all the isolates randomly obtained, we got 103 isolates. After isolation, the phosphate-solubilizing ability and the "in vitro" production of indole-acetic acid and chitinases were evaluated. The AI medium was ineffective for actinobacteria isolation, when it was compared with the other four culture media. Indole-acetic acid and chitinase were produced by respectively 36% and 24% of the strains tested. However, only 2% of the 103 strains presented some phosphate-solubilizing ability. These results demonstrate the biotechnological potential of these microorganisms.

scholarly journals Isolation, Morphological and Biochemical Characterization of Rhizobacteria from Arsenic Contaminated Paddy Soils in Bangladesh: An In vitro Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
M. M. Hossain ◽  
G. K. M. M. Rahman ◽  
M. A. M. Akanda ◽  
A. R. M. Solaiman ◽  
M. T. Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Cellulose Degradation ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Iaa Production

Soil-plant–microbes relations within the plant rhizosphere are the determinants of plant and soil health, which is important for soil ecological environment for plant-microbe interactions. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are considered to encourage plant growth and development directly or indirectly in soil. PGPR can demonstrate a diversity of characteristics responsible .for influencing plant growth and development. During this study, Twenty four different bacterial isolates were isolated, and detailed morphological, biochemical, and physiological characterizations of those isolates were accomplished. This experiment was performed with the 24 bacterial isolates to see their gram stain test, KOH test, catalase activity, cellulose degradation capability, in dole acetic acid (IAA) production, and phosphate solubilization activities, and also tested for growth within the different arsenic and salt stress conditions and 37°C temperature. Results revealed that among the rhizobacterial isolates, fifteen bacterial isolates were negative and nine was positive in gram reaction, while some were showed high IAA production ability, phosphate solubility capability, and cellulose degradation capacity within the culture media. The isolates were isolated from paddy soils and a few were characterized by a yellow color, flat elevation, and gram-positive, while some were characterized because of the yellowish color with round colony shape, raised elevation, gram-negative, and every one the isolates were positive in catalase production capacity and phosphate solubilization activity which is able to increase the available phosphorus within the soil for plants and also produced indole acetic acid that may use as a hormone to be used in growth enhancement of plants. Hence, these isolates need to be tested further for their effect on arsenic dynamics at the plant rhizosphere, selection of suitable plant species for the bacterial association, bacterial effect on arsenic uptake by plants, and potentials for field applications for sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI INDOLE ACETID ACID (IAA) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TUNAS PISANG BARANGAN (Musa acuminata L. triploid AAA.) DALAM KULTUR IN VITRO

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ummi Lathyfah ◽  
Endah Rita Sulistya Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Musa Acuminata

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi IndoleAcetid Acid (IAA) terhadap pertumbuhan tunas pisang Barangan (Musaacuminate L. triploid AAA.) serta konsentrasi yang optimum dalam kultur invitro. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Benih Holtikultura (KBH) KecamatanSalaman, Magelang. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama enam minggu, dimulaiMaret-April 2014. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL)dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan yaitu perlakuan 1 (BP1) menggunakan0 ppm IAA, pelakuan 2 (BP2) menggunakan 0,1 ppm IAA, perlakuan 3 (BP3)menggunakan 0,3 ppm IAA, dan perlakuan 4 (BP4) menggunakan 0,6 ppm.Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan Uji Jarak Ganda Duncan(UJGD). Hasil Analisis Varians menunjukkan konsentrasi paling optimal untukmeningkatkan jumlah anakan tunas 0,3 ppm IAA dan 0,6 ppm untukmeningkatkan jumlah akar, panjang daun, serta panjang batang semu.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu variasi konsentrasi Indole Acetic Acid(IAA) secara umum tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan pisang Barangan (Musa acuminata L. triploid AAA), meskipun terdapat satuparameter yang berpengaruh nyata, yaitu jumlah anakan tunas pisangBarangan.Kata kunci : Indole Acetic acid (IAA), kultur in vitro, pisang Barangan.

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