scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y) among Malaysian University Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chua Bee Seok ◽  
Harris Abd Hamid ◽  
Jasmine Mutang ◽  
Rosnah Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
The State ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Malaysian Students

Health Ministry statistics showed mental health problems among Malaysian students increased from one in ten individuals in year 2011 to one in five in 2016. Anxiety and depression were cited as the main causes of mental health problems among students in Malaysia. However, an anxiety measure that has been validated for use with Malaysian students is still lacking. Thus, the main objective of the current study is to examine the psychometric proprieties of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y) (STAI), and to assess the suitability of the factorial model in the context of Malaysia. The STAI contains separate scales for measuring state and trait anxiety. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to test and to compare the two-factor model (State Anxiety and Trait Anxiety) and the four-factor model (State Anxiety Present, State Anxiety Absent, Trait Anxiety Present, and Trait Anxiety Absent) of STAI. In addition, the reliability and validity of the model were also tested. The sample consisted of 341 university students from one of the universities in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. The results supported a better fit to the data for the four-factor model of STAI. To improve composite reliability and the average variance extracted (AVE) of the constructs, one item was removed from each of the State Anxiety Present factor, Trait Anxiety present factor, and Trait Anxiety Absent factor. Convergent validity for the four-factor model was also improved by the removal of the three items. The findings also suggested that the STAI may have some discriminant validity issues. In the framework of psychology of sustainability and sustainable development, research and intervention regarding this topic should also be enhanced from a primary prevention perspective to improve the quality of life of every human being, fostering wellbeing at all different levels, from individuals to organizations.

Could Popping Air Capsules Affect State Anxiety?

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A. Taylor ◽  
Kevin C. D. Purser ◽  
Bahman Baluch
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Affect State ◽  
Mean State

The present study examined whether popping air capsules affects students' state anxiety. One group of university students were asked to pop air capsules for 5 min. (experimental group); another group did nothing (the control group). Both groups were tested on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Analyses showed that there was a difference in mean State Anxiety scores between the two groups, with the control group having a lower mean than the experimental group, which was contrary to our expectation. The findings are discussed in relation to an earlier published study of the effects of popping air capsules on changing a person's mood.

scholarly journals The State of Students’ Mental Health: A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
Mas Anom Abdul Rashid ◽  
Mohd Noor Azman Othman ◽  
Abdul Razak Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
The State ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Malaysian Students

The Malaysian Ministry of Health has aired its concern towards the state of Malaysian students’ mental health in the late 2016.  Statistics revealed a worsening state of mental health problems among Malaysian students, which shows that there is an increase cases of mental health from 2011 to 2016.  Experts cite anxiety and depression as the main causes of mental health problems among students although not ruling out the influence of drugs as a factor.  Hence, this study is aimed to seek some answers to the state of the students overall mental health, what are the most influential factor that affects their mental health and how they manage these issues.  A total of 350 students participated in this study and findings revealed that 50% of the students suffered some kind of depressions triggered by various factors.

scholarly journals Investigating Mental Health Among Malaysian University Students During Covid-19 Pandemic

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-260
Author(s):  
Nor Azlili Hassan ◽  
Hasmiza Abdul Majeed ◽  
Jaslina Mohd Tajuddin ◽  
Nor Hafizah Abdullah ◽  
Rahilah Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
Malaysian Students

The COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown have led to an increasing number of mental health issues in Malaysia. The demands of living during the pandemic have caused a rising number of university students to be diagnosed with depression, anxiety, stress and other mental health problems. A survey done by National Health and Morbidity 2015 found that the prevalence of mental health problems among adults in Malaysia has increased from 10.7% in 1996, to 11.2% in 2006, to 29.2% in 2015. Moreover, one in 10 individuals in 2011 to one in five in 2016 cases reported are among Malaysian students. Thus, the study explores the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms among university students in Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study adopted the DASS-21 inventory to measure the mental health of the students during the pandemic COVID-19 that assesses the depression, anxiety and stress symptoms. Data obtained from the 355 Malaysian university students showed that most of the respondents were sometimes feeling depressed by having negative feelings (44.2%)”, and unable to become enthusiastic (44.5%)”, feeling anxious where they were close to panic (33.8%)” and dryness of their mouth (31.5%)”, and feeling stressed where they found themselves getting agitated (40.3%)” and difficult to relax (40.8%)”. The findings may suggest that further research is proposed for the inclusion of successful coping strategies used by the students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research should also develop interventions and preventive strategies to address the mental health of university students.

scholarly journals From Stress to Psychopathology: Relationship with Self-Reassurance and Self-Criticism in Czech University Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Kotera ◽  
Jaroslava Dosedlova ◽  
Denise Andrzejewski ◽  
Greta Kaluzeviciute ◽  
Makoto Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Transactional Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
As Stress

AbstractPsychological stress has become a major concern, potentially leading to diverse health problems including psychopathology such as depression and anxiety. Transactional Model of Stress and Coping is an established model, conceptualizing stressful experiences via person–environment relationship. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the pathway from stress to depression/anxiety, with a focus on self-criticism (inadequate-self and hated-self) and self-reassurance (reassured-self) in Czech students who suffered from high prevalence of mental health problems. Convenience sample of 119 undergraduates completed the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 and the Forms of the Self-Criticizing/Attacking & Self-Reassuring Scale. Correlation and path analyses were conducted. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines were used to aid an accurate and complete report of the study. Depression, anxiety, and stress were positively associated with inadequate-self and hated-self while negatively associated with reassured-self. Both inadequate-self and hated-self partially mediated the stress–depression and stress–anxiety relationships, whereas reassured-self only partially mediated the stress–depression relationship. Inadequate-self had greater impact on the stress–depression/anxiety pathways than hated-self and reassured-self. Findings indicate that clinical treatment may benefit from targeting the feelings of inadequacy to prevent stress progressing to psychopathology. This is particularly relevant as stress levels are rising globally. Our findings offer developments to the Transactional Model, and help practitioners and educators identify solutions to protect mental health of Czech university students.

scholarly journals Physical exercise, mental health problems, and suicide attempts in university students

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Grasdalsmoen ◽  
Hege Randi Eriksen ◽  
Kari Jussie Lønning ◽  
Børge Sivertsen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
University Students ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS ART THERAPY DALAM MENURUNKAN KECEMASAN PADA IBU YANG MEMILIKI ANAK PENDERITA KANKER

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Christella Ruslan ◽  
Monty P. Satiadarma ◽  
Untung Subroto
Keyword(s):  
Art Therapy ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Cancer is caused by the uncontrolled development of cells in the body and can cause death in someone who experiences it. This condition can affect the physical and psychological health of parents, especially mothers who look after and care for their children. Seeing this, having a child with cancer can certainly cause anxiety in a mother. At the same time, a mother is certainly required to provide emotional support to her child who is sick. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of art therapy in reducing anxiety in mothers of children with cancer. Art therapy that is applied to mothers who have children with cancer can help reduce the anxiety they feel because through this therapy participants are assisted in exploring, releasing their emotions and feelings of anxiety. Through this intervention, mothers who have children with cancer can experience catharsis and express their feelings. Participants in this study consisted of two mothers who have children with cancer. The design of this study is a quasi-experimental study by testing the pretest and posttest using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) measurement tool in measuring state and trait anxiety from mothers who have children with cancer. The results of the study found that there was a decrease in the number of state anxiety by 14 in the R participant and 8 in the RS participant. Based on this, it can be concluded that art therapy intervention can reduce the state anxiety in mothers who have children with cancer. Kanker disebabkan oleh adanya perkembangan sel yang tidak terkendali dalam tubuh dan dapat menyebabkan kematian pada seseorang yang mengalaminya. Kondisi ini dapat memengaruhi kesehatan secara fisik dan psikologis dari orang tua, terutama ibu yang menjaga serta merawat anaknya. Melihat hal ini, memiliki anak penderita kanker tentu dapat menimbulkan kecemasan dalam diri seorang ibu. Pada saat yang bersamaan, seorang ibu tentu dituntut untuk memberi dukungan secara emosional kepada anaknya yang sedang sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti efektivitas dari art therapy dalam menurunkan kecemasan pada ibu yang memiliki anak penderita kanker. Art therapy yang diterapkan pada ibu yang memiliki anak penderita kanker dapat membantu menurunkan kecemasan yang dirasakan karena melalui terapi ini partisipan dibantu agar bisa mengeksplorasi dan mengeluarkan emosi serta perasaan cemas yang dimiliki. Melalui intervensi art therapy ini, ibu yang memiliki anak penderita kanker dapat melakukan katarsis dan mengungkapkan perasaannya. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas dua orang ibu yang memiliki anak penderita kanker. Adapun desain penelitian ini adalah kuasi-eksperimental dengan menguji pretest dan posttest yang menggunakan alat ukur State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) dalam mengukur kecemasan secara state dan trait dari ibu yang memiliki anak penderita kanker. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya penurunan angka dari skor state anxiety sebesar 14 pada partisipan R dan 8 pada partisipan RS. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa intervensi art therapy dapat membantu menurunkan kecemasan secara state anxiety pada ibu yang memiliki anak penderita kanker.

scholarly journals Validation of the State Version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory in a University Sample

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402110319
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Thomas ◽  
Jerrell C. Cassady
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
The State ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Cognitive Test Anxiety ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Excellent Internal Consistency

Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Model makes a theoretical distinction between the contribution of dispositional anxiety and the transitory experience of anxiety to performance difficulties during testing situations. According to the State-Trait framework, state anxiety is viewed as the primary performance barrier for test-anxious students, and as such, educators and educational researchers have expressed interest in validated, state anxiety measurement tools. Currently, the most widely used measure of state anxiety is the state version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. However, evidence regarding the psychometric properties of this scale is relatively scarce. Therefore, the current study was designed to determine the structural validity, reliability, and concurrent/divergent validity of the instrument. Participants ( N = 294) completed the state version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale 2nd Edition, and an exam task. Using confirmatory factor analysis, we tested the viability of one-, two-, and bi-factor solutions for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Confirmatory factor analysis results indicated a two-factor solution consisting of State Anxiety and State Calmness dimensions provided superior fit to the observed data. Results of a reliability analysis indicated that the State Anxiety and State Calmness factors demonstrated excellent internal consistency when applied to university students. Our discussion concerns the utility of the State Anxiety factor as a tool for the identification of test-anxious students.

High Levels of State or Trait Anxiety and Performance on Selected Verbal WAIS Subtests

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilma J. Knox ◽  
Ricardo Grippaldi
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
The State ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
High Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Group ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Curvilinear Relationships

Upon entering a VA domiciliary Ss were given the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and WAIS subtests, Arithmetic ( A), Similarities ( S) and Digit Span ( DS). Two analyses of variance were carried out among WAIS weighted scores on the three subtests for three groups of different state or trait anxiety levels (high, medium, and low). Analyses showed significant interactions between WAIS scaled scores and anxiety: p < .05 for state anxiety and p < .001 for trait anxiety. The high-anxiety group in each instance showed the classical expectation of a lower A and DS in comparison to S; performance on DS was highest for each medium anxiety group. The study of curvilinear relationships and interaction effects in anxiety was discussed.

Effects of Color and Trait Anxiety on State Anxiety

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 855-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Reeves ◽  
Ed M. Edmonds ◽  
Dollie L. Transou
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
The State ◽  
Color Condition ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Trait Theory ◽  
The Relationship

A 2 (trait anxiety) × 4 (color) factorial design was used to determine the effects of red, green, yellow, and blue on state anxiety as a function of high and low trait anxiety. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to assess both trait (A-Trait) and state (A-State) anxiety for the 10 students assigned to each of the eight treatment combinations. High A-Trait students were significantly more anxious while viewing blue, red, and green than were the low A-Trait students and blue produced significantly more state anxiety than did either yellow or green. These results are consistent with state-trait theory and indicate that the effects of color on state anxiety may be confounded with trait anxiety unless the levels of A-Trait are equivalent for each color condition. The role of cultural and individual differences in the relationship between color and emotion and implications for research are discussed.

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