scholarly journals Assessment of the Impacts of Land Use/Cover Change and Rainfall Change on Surface Runoff in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazhi Li ◽  
Jingqiu Chen ◽  
Yaoze Liu ◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
Hua Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Texture Classification ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Rainfall Change ◽  
Average Annual Runoff ◽  
Runoff Depth ◽  
Hydrologic Impact

Assessment of the impacts of land use/cover change (LUCC) and rainfall change on surface runoff depth can help provide an understanding of the temporal trend of variation of surface runoff and assist in urban construction planning. This study evaluated the impacts of LUCC and rainfall change on surface runoff depth by adopting the well-known Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) method and the widely used Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment (L-THIA) model. National hydrologic soil group map of China was generated based on a conversion from soil texture classification system. The CN values were adjusted based on the land use/cover types and soil properties in China. The L-THIA model was configured by using the adjusted CN values and then applied nationally in China. Results show that nationwide rainfall changes and LUCC from 2005 to 2010 had little impact on the distribution of surface runoff, and the high values of runoff depth were mainly located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Nationally, the average annual runoff depths in 2005, 2010 and 2015 were 78 mm, 83 mm and 90 mm, respectively. For the 2015 land use data, rainfall change caused the variation of surface runoff depth ranging from −203 mm to 476 mm in different regions. LUCC from 2005 to 2015 did not cause obvious change of surface runoff depth, but expansion of developed land led to runoff depth increases ranging from 0 mm to 570 mm and 0 mm to 742 mm from 2005 to 2010 and 2010 to 2015, respectively. Potential solutions to urban land use change and surface runoff control were also analyzed.

scholarly journals Gis Based SCS - CN Method For Estimating Runoff In Kundahpalam Watershed, Nilgries District, Tamilnadu

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viji Raja
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Moisture Condition ◽  
Antecedent Moisture ◽  
Average Annual Runoff ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Models ◽  
Scs Cn

<p>Divination and determination of catchment surface runoff are the most important contestable process of hydrology. Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number (SCS – CN) method is employed to estimate the runoff. It is one of the physical based and spatially distributed hydrological models. In this model, the curve number is a primary factor used for runoff calculation. The selection of curve number is based on the land use pattern and HSG (Hydrological Soil Group) present in the study area. Since the spatial distribution of CN estimation by the conventional way is very difficult and time consuming, the GIS (Geographic Information System) based CN method is generated for Kundapallam watershed. With the combination of land use and HSG the estimated composite CN for AMC (Antecedent Moisture Condition) I, AMC II and AMC III for the entire watershed was about 48, 68 and 83 respectively. The average annual runoff depth estimated by SCS-CN method for the average annual rainfall of 173.5 mm was found to be 72.5 mm. The obtained results were comparable to measured runoff in the watershed.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Resumen</strong></p>La predicción y la determinación del caudal de escorrentía de una cuenca son procesos de amplio debate en la hidrología. El método coeficiente de escurrimiento, del Servicio de Conservación de Suelos (SCS-CN, inglés) fue utilizado en este trabajo para estimar la escorrentía. Este es uno de los modelos hidrológicos basados en conceptos físicos y distribución espacial. En este modelo el coeficiente de escurrimiento es un factor de relevancia para el cálculo de la escorrentía. La selección del coeficiente de escurrimiento está basada en los patrones del uso de la tierra y del Grupo de Suelos Hidrológicos (HSG, inglés) relativos a esta área de estudio. Debido a que la estimación del coeficiente de escurrimiento en la distribución espacial es compleja, para la cuenca Kundapallam se implementó un método a partir de un Sistema de Información Geográfica (GIS, inglés), y basado en el coeficiente de escurrimiento. Con la combinación del uso de suelos y el HSG, la estimación compuesta del coeficiente de escurrimiento para el Antecedente de Condición de Humedad AMCI, AMCII y AMCIII para toda la cuenca fue de 48, 68 y 83. El promedio anual de escorrentía profunda estimada por el método SCS-CN con una media anual de lluvia de 173,5 mm fue de 72,5 mm. Los resultados fueron comparados con la escorrentía medida en la cuenca.

scholarly journals The effect of land uses to change on infiltration capacity and surface runoff at latung sub watershed, Padang City Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 08002
Author(s):  
Rusli HAR ◽  
Aprisal ◽  
Werry Darta Taifur ◽  
Teguh Haria Aditia Putra
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Rainwater Infiltration ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Hydrology Modeling ◽  
Runoff Discharge

Changes in land use in the Air Dingin watershed (DAS) area in Padang City, Indonesia, lead to a decrease in rainwater infiltration volume to the ground. Some land use in the Latung sub-watershed decrease in infiltration capacity with an increase in surface runoff. This research aims to determine the effect of land-use changes on infiltration capacity and surface runoff. Purposive sampling method was used in this research. The infiltration capacity was measured directly in the field using a double-ring infiltrometer, and the data was processed using the Horton model. The obtained capacity was quantitatively classified using infiltration zoning. Meanwhile, the Hydrologic Engineering Center - Hydrology Modeling System with the Synthetic Unit Hydrograph- Soil Conservation Service -Curve Number method was used to analyze the runoff discharge. The results showed that from the 13 measurement points carried out, the infiltration capacity ranges from 0.082 - 0.70 cm/minute or an average of 0.398 cm/minute, while the rainwater volume is approximately 150,000 m3/hour/km2. Therefore, the soil infiltration capacity in the Latung sub-watershed is in zone VI-B or very low. This condition had an impact on changes in runoff discharge in this area, from 87.84 m3/second in 2010 to 112.8 m3/second in 2020 or a nail of 22.13%. Based on the results, it is concluded that changes in the land led to low soil infiltration capacity, thereby leading to an increase in surface runoff.

Assessment of surface runoff depth changes in Sǎrǎţel River basin, Romania using GIS techniques

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Costache Romulus ◽  
Fontanine Iulia ◽  
Corodescu Ema
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Average Annual Rainfall ◽  
Runoff Depth ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Scs Cn

AbstractSǎrǎţel River basin, which is located in Curvature Subcarpahian area, has been facing an obvious increase in frequency of hydrological risk phenomena, associated with torrential events, during the last years. This trend is highly related to the increase in frequency of the extreme climatic phenomena and to the land use changes. The present study is aimed to highlight the spatial and quantitative changes occurred in surface runoff depth in Sǎrǎţel catchment, between 1990–2006. This purpose was reached by estimating the surface runoff depth assignable to the average annual rainfall, by means of SCS-CN method, which was integrated into the GIS environment through the ArcCN-Runoff extension, for ArcGIS 10.1. In order to compute the surface runoff depth, by CN method, the land cover and the hydrological soil classes were introduced as vector (polygon data), while the curve number and the average annual rainfall were introduced as tables. After spatially modeling the surface runoff depth for the two years, the 1990 raster dataset was subtracted from the 2006 raster dataset, in order to highlight the changes in surface runoff depth.

scholarly journals Runoff sensitivity to climate and land-use changes: A case study in the Longtan basin, Southwestern China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiyan Mo ◽  
Ya Huang ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Dayang Wang ◽  
Chongxun Mo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Average Annual Runoff ◽  
Annual Evaporation ◽  
Water Assessment

Abstract Based on the scenario hypothesis method, this paper applied a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to analyze the sensitivity of runoff to climate and land-use changes in the Longtan basin, China. Results indicated that (1) for every 1 °C increase in temperature, the average annual runoff decreased by 9.9 mm, and the average annual evaporation increased by 9.3 mm. However, for every 10% increase in rainfall, the average annual runoff and evapotranspiration increased by 96.3 mm and 11.53 mm, respectively. Obviously, runoff was more sensitive to the change in rainfall than temperature in the Longtan basin. Meanwhile, (2) forestland could conserve water resources, but its water consumption was larger. Although grassland played a relatively small role in water conservation, it consumed less water. At the same time, increasing the area of forestland and grassland could weaken peak floods, and the water retention function of vegetation could prevent runoff from increasing and decreasing steeply. Therefore, it is worth improving vegetation coverage.

scholarly journals RUNOFF TREND AND POTENTIALITY IN MELAKA TENGAH CATCHMENT OF MALAYSIA USING SCS-CN AND STATISTICAL TECHNIQUE

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharif Moniruzzaman SHIRAZI ◽  
MD Ibrahim ADHAM ◽  
Faridah OTHMAN ◽  
Noorul Hasan ZARDARI ◽  
Zubaidah ISMAIL
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Total Runoff ◽  
Use Pattern ◽  
Scs Cn

This study is focused to identify the surface runoff trends and potentiality of the five watersheds transforming the discrete runoff pattern to smooth patterns. Runoff potentiality was analyzed by Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) technique. Considering Hydrologic Soil Group (HSG) and percentage of particular land use pattern, weighted cns of five watersheds were found between 82 and 85. Monthly surface runoff trends were investigated by statistical autocorrelation, Mann-Kendall, Sen slope and lowess methods. According to the Mann-Kendall method, no statistical significant monotonic trends were found for all the watersheds. Smoothing curve analysis reveals that the monthly mean runoff is 30 mm, 34 mm, 39 mm, 28 mm and 37 mm and the percentage of runoff is 23%, 25%, 31%, 25% and 26% for the watersheds 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively. Degree of effect of several land use pattern with corresponding soil type was analyzed to assess the total runoff volume for contributing to the surface water resources. Result shows that 26% of the rainwater contributes to the surface runoff of Melaka Tengah catchment and provides the information for planning of surface water management and potentiality of groundwater recharge.

scholarly journals Curve Number Estimation for Ungauged Watershed in Semi-Arid Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1070-1083
Author(s):  
Denik Sri Krisnayanti ◽  
Wilhelmus Bunganaen ◽  
John H. Frans ◽  
Yustinus A. Seran ◽  
Djoko Legono
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Rainfall Depth ◽  
Standard Response ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Semi Arid

The Benanain Watershed is located in East Nusa Tenggara with an area of 3,181 km2 and is divided into 29 sub-watersheds. The East Nusa Tenggara itself is an eastern region of Indonesia with a unique climate condition called semi-arid. The high rainfall intensity occurring in short duration results in large surface runoff and erosion. Floods and erosion in semi-arid areas due to sensitive soils to drought and heavy rainfall extremely. This paper presents the application of the Soil Conservation Services-Curve Number (SCS-CN) real-flood flows through a digital map of soil type, land use, topography, and the heterogeneity of physical condition, especially for ungauged watersheds. The method used is an approach empirical to estimate runoff from the relationship between rainfall, land use, and soil hydrology groups. This watershed has a large area that must analyze every sub-watershed. The land-use of the Benanain watershed is secondary dryland forest by 44.26% and the hydrological soil group on the B group classification with medium to high absorption potential by 46.502% from the total area. The curve number value of the Benanain Watershed ranges from 56.54 to 73.90, where the mean CN value of 65.32. The rainfall (mm) for the 29 sub-watersheds in the Benanain Watershed has decreased by about 74.65% when being surface runoff or only 25.35% of water becomes surface runoff. The relationship between rainfall depth and CN is classified as standard response and trend line (flat slope) equilibrium occurs when rainfall depth value of 56.71 mm and CN is close to 66.30. The high variability of intense rainfall between the rainy season and the dry season had a significant influence on the curve number value in a large watershed area. Further analysis will be more accurate if it is supported by long rainfall data and observation runoff data as a control. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091711 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Analysis of Runoff Curve Number Distribution into Surface Runoff of Lesti Watershed

2021 ◽  
Vol 004 (01) ◽  
pp. 062-075
Author(s):  
Didit Priambodo ◽  
Ery Suhartanto ◽  
Sumiadi Sumiadi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Soil Conservation Service ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Conservation Treatment ◽  
Number Distribution ◽  
Sediment Loads

Lesti watershed is a sub basin of Brantas River located in Malang Regency, which is the main source of inflow and sediment loads for the Sengguruh Dam. Human activities change the type of land cover by deforestation for the expansion of agricultural and residential areas. It makes a rapid increasing of runoff and discharges that were potentially carrying sediment into Lesti River. To measure surface runoff in a watershed can be held by modeling rather than directly in the field, it is cheaper and more effective with accurate results. This study is based on Soil Conservation Service (SCS) formula to illustrate surface runoff level by knowing curve number distribution. Using models based on land use changes in 2010, 2012 and 2017, generated by AV SWAT software, shows that increasing CN value each year affects the surface runoff, so there is a relationship between land use and runoff. The average CN value in 2010 is 63.644, 2012 is 63.942, 2017 is 65.49, while the average surface runoff in 2010 is 800.28, 2012 is 823.26, 2017 is 828.009. Conservation treatment on the area with a high CN value can reduce the surface runoff. It shows that watershed performance is getting better

scholarly journals Hydrological impacts of climate and land-use change on flow regime variations in upper Indus basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashif Haleem ◽  
Afed Ullah Khan ◽  
Sohail Ahmad ◽  
Mansoor Khan ◽  
Fayaz Ahmad Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Indus Basin ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Upper Indus Basin ◽  
Runoff Depth

Abstract Investigating the effects of climate and land-use changes on surface runoff is critical for water resources management. The majority of studies focused on projected climate change effects on surface runoff, while neglecting future land-use change. Therefore, the main aim of this article is to discriminate the impacts of projected climate and land-use changes on surface runoff using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) through the lens of the Upper Indus Basin, Pakistan. Future scenarios of the land-use and climate changes are predicted using cellular automata artificial neural network and four bias-corrected general circulation models, respectively. The historical record (2000–2013) was divided into the calibration period (2000–2008) and the validation period (2009–2013). The simulated results demonstrated that the SWAT model performed well. The results obtained from 2000 to 2013 show that climate change (61.61%) has a higher influence on river runoff than land-use change (38.39%). Both climate and land-use changes are predicted to increase future runoff depth in this basin. The influence of climate change (12.76–25.92%) is greater than land-use change (0.37–1.1%). Global weather data has good applicability for simulating hydrological responses in the region where conventional gauges are unavailable. The study discusses that both climate and land-use changes impact runoff depth and concluded some suggestions for water resources managers to bring water environment sustainability.

scholarly journals Development and Application of a QGIS-Based Model to Estimate Monthly Streamflow

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Hanyong Lee ◽  
Min Suh Chae ◽  
Jong-Yoon Park ◽  
Kyoung Jae Lim ◽  
Youn Shik Park
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Soil Group ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Hydrologic Impact ◽  
Gis Software

Changes in rainfall pattern and land use have caused considerable impacts on the hydrological behavior of watersheds; a Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Analysis (L-THIA) model has been used to simulate such variations. The L-THIA model defines curve number according to the land use and hydrological soil group before calculating the direct runoff based on the amount of rainfall, making it a convenient method of analysis. Recently, a method was proposed to estimate baseflow using this model, which may be used to estimate the overall streamflow. Given that this model considers the spatial distribution of land use and hydrological soil groups and must use rainfall data at multiple positions, it requires the usage of a geographical information system (GIS). Therefore, a model that estimates streamflow using land use maps, hydrologic soil group maps, and rain gauge station maps in QGIS, a popular GIS software, was developed. This model was tested in 15 watersheds.

scholarly journals Computation of Runoff by SCS-CN Method from micro watersheds of Urmodi basin in Maharashtra state using RS and GIS

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Nandgude ◽  
◽  
G.S. Jadhav ◽  
S.S. Shinde ◽  
D.M. Mahale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Daily Rainfall Data

Flood is a natural or manmade phenomenon and timely and accurate forecasting of flood is very important. However forecasting of flood is a difficult task due to influence of rainfall-runoff process which depends on various factors. Estimation of surface runoff in a watershed is based on the rate of precipitation and discharge at the outlet. In this study, runoff from micro watersheds of Urmodi basin in Maharashtra state was computed by Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number method using remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. Various thematic maps such as soil map, land use/land cover, stream order, slope etc. were prepared using remote sensing and GIS. Daily rainfall data was used for determining runoff. Antecedent moisture conditions were determined from daily rainfall data and for different CNs with the help of combined land use land cover and hydrologic soil group map in GIS environment. Results showed that the highest runoff for Bharatgaon and Nagthane micro watersheds was 46.20 mm and 54 mm respectively. Total runoff depth for the year 2014 was computed as 215.05 mm for Bharatgaon micro watershed and 277.68 mm for Nagthane micro watershed. Different soil and water conservation measures and water harvesting structures were recommended to control soil erosion and to harness the surface runoff.

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