scholarly journals The Effect of Weighting Materials on Oil-Well Cement Properties While Drilling Deep Wells

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulmalek Ahmed ◽  
Ahmed Abdulhamid Mahmoud ◽  
Salaheldin Elkatatny ◽  
Weiqing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Density Variation ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Deep Wells ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
Maximum Particle ◽  
Well Cement

In deep hydrocarbon development wells, cement slurry with high density is required to effectively balance the high-pressure formations. The increase in the slurry density could be achieved by adding different heavy materials. In this study, the effect of the weighting materials (barite, hematite, and ilmenite) on the properties of Saudi Class G cement matrix of vertical homogeneity, compressive strength, porosity, and permeability was evaluated. Three cement slurries were weighted with barite, hematite, and ilmenite, and cured at 294 °F and 3000 psi for 24 h. All slurries have the same concentration of the different additives except the weighting material. The amount of weighting material used in every slurry was determined based on the targeted density of 18 lbm/gal. The results of this study revealed that the most vertically homogenous cement matrix was the ilmenite-weighted sample with a vertical variation of 17.6% compared to 20.2 and 24.8% for hematite- and barite-weighted cement, respectively. This is attributed to the small particle size of the ilmenite. The medical computerized tomography (CT) scan confirmed that the ilmenite-weighted sample is the most homogeneous, with a narrow range of density variation vertically along the sample. Hematite-weighted cement showed the highest compressive strength of 55.3 MPa, and the barite- and ilmenite-weighted cement compressive strengths are each 18.4 and 36.7% less than the compressive strength of the hematite-weighted cement, respectively. Barite-weighted cement has the lowest porosity and permeability of 6.1% and 18.9 mD, respectively. The maximum particle size of ilmenite used in this study is less than 42 μm to ensure no abrasion effect on the drilling system, and it minimized the solids segregation while maintaining a compressive strength that is higher than the minimum acceptable strength, which is the recommended weighting material for Saudi Class G cement.

Carbon Dioxide Corrosion and Corrosion Prevention of Oil Well Cement Paste Matrix in Deep Wells

2014 ◽  
Vol 692 ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Fu Zhang ◽  
Jin Long Yang ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Rui Xue Hou
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Cement Paste ◽  
Oil Wells ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Corrosion Prevention ◽  
Oil Well Cement ◽  
Oil Well Cement Paste ◽  
Well Cement

Carbon dioxide CO2could corrode the oil well cement paste matrix under agreeable moisture and pressure condition in deep oil wells, which could decrease the compressive strength and damage the annular seal reliability of cement paste matrix. The problem of oil well cement paste matrix corrosion by CO2was researched in the paper for obtain the feasible corrosion prevention technical measures. The microstructure and compressive strength of corroded cement paste matrix were examined by scanning electron microscopeSEMand strength test instrument etc. under different corrosion conditions. The mechanism and effect law of corrosion on oil well cement paste matrix by CO2were analyzed. And the suitable method to protect CO2corrosion in deep oil wells was explored. The results show that the corrosion mechanism of cement paste matrix by CO2was that the wetting phase CO2could generate chemical reaction with original hydration products produced from cement hydration, which CaCO3were developed and the original composition and microstructure of cement paste matrix were destroyed. The compressive strength of corrosion cement paste matrix always was lower than that of un-corrosion cement paste matrix. The compressive strength of corrosion cement paste matrix decreased with increase of curing temperature and differential pressure. The corroded degree of cement paste matrix was intimately related with the compositions of cement slurry. Developing and design anti-corrosive cement slurry should base on effectively improving the compact degree and original strength of cement paste matrix. The compounding additive R designed in the paper could effectively improve the anti-corrosive ability of cement slurry.

Performance Evaluation of Polycarboxylic Acid Dispersant for Oil Well Cementing

2020 ◽  
Vol 993 ◽  
pp. 1341-1350
Author(s):  
Xiu Jian Xia ◽  
Yong Jin Yu ◽  
Jian Zhou Jin ◽  
Shuo Qiong Liu ◽  
Ming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Polycarboxylic Acid ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Deep Wells ◽  
Oil Well Cement ◽  
Well Cement

The conventional oil-well cement dispersant has the characteristics of poor dispersion at high temperature, poor compatibility with other additives, and environmental pollution during the production process. In this article, with ultra-early strong polyether monomer, acrylic acid, 2-acrylamine-2-methylpropyl sulfonic acid, sodium methacrylate as copolymer monomers, an environmentally friendly polycarboxylic acid dispersant, DRPC-1L, was prepared by the aqueous solution free-radical polymerization. The chemical composition and thermal stability of the synthetic copolymer were characterized by FTIR and TGA techniques. The evaluation results show that DRPC-1L has a wide temperature range (30~210 °C), good salt-resistance and dispersing effect. It can significantly improve the rheological performance of cement slurry, and it is well matched with oil-well cement additives such as fluid loss agent, retarder and so on. Moreover, it is beneficial to the mechanical strength development of set cement, especially the early compressive strength. It can also inhibit the abnormal gelation phenomenon of cement slurry, flash set, that occurs during high temperature thickening experiments, which plays an important role in enhancing the comprehensive performance of cement slurry. Consequently, the novel polycarboxylic acid dispersant has good application prospects in deep and ultra-deep wells cementing.

scholarly journals Improving the Iraqi Oil Well Cement Properties Using Barolift: an Experimental Investigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
Ali M. Hadi ◽  
Ayad A. Al-Haleem
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Free Water ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Well Cement

Cement is a major component in oil and gas drilling operations that is used to maintain the integrity of boreholes by preventing the movement of formation fluids through the annular space and outside the casing. In 2019, Iraq National Oil Company ordered all international oil and gas companies which are working in Iraq to use Iraqi cement (made in Iraq) in all Iraqi oil fields; however, the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and compressive strength results in this study show that this cement is not matching with American Petroleum Institute (API) standards. During this study, barolift was used to improve the properties of Iraqi cement used in oil wells at high pressure and high temperature (HPHT). Barolift (1 g) was added to cement admixture to evaluate its influence on improving the performance of cement, mainly related to the property of toughness.  Primarily, the quality and quantity of cement contents were determined using X-ray fluorescence. Experiments were conducted to examine the characteristics of the base cement and the cement system containing 1g of barolift, such as thickening time, free water, compressive strength, and porosity. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were conducted for analyzing the microstructure of cement powder. The experimental results showed that barolift acted as a retarder and improved the thickening time, slightly increased the free water, enhanced the mechanical properties, reduced the porosity, and aided in scheming new cement slurry to withstand the HPHT conditions. Microstructure analysis showed that barolift particles blocked the capillaries by filling cement spaces and, thus, a denser and stricter cement network was achieved.

Development and Change of Compressive Strength for Class G Oil Well Cement under High Temperature

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 1441-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Fu Zhang ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
Rui Xue Hou ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Jin Long Yang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Oil Well Cement ◽  
Well Cement

The compressive strength of oil well cement would be damaged by high temperature in deep oil wells, which was caused by the obvious change of the components and microstructure of cement hydration products. The adaptability of common oil well cement for cementing under higher temperatures was confined by above reasons. Characteristics of development and change of compressive strength of Class G oil well cement were studied under different temperatures by using Static Gel Strength Analyzer and High Temperature-High Pressure curing chamber. The influence law of temperature and silica sands on compressive strength was analyzed. The results showed that the critical temperatures at which the compressive strength begun to decline were about 110°C and 150°C respectively; The compressive strength increased with curing time during the initial period and would reduced after it reached a certain value when temperature exceeded 110°C; For cement with silica sands, the compressive strength development trend was in the shape of two-stage form with increase of curing time within the range of 110~150°C, but for 160~200°C temperature range the development form was in the shape of single stage; The reasonable amounts of silica sands which would be added to cement slurry to enhance the compressive strength of hardening paste were determined to be 30%~40%.

scholarly journals The Influence of Glass Fiber and Milled Glass Fiber on the Performance of Iraqi Oil Well Cement

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-48
Author(s):  
Amel Habeeb Assi ◽  
Faleh H. M. Almahdawi ◽  
Qasim Abdulridha Khalti
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Well Cement ◽  
Slurry Preparation ◽  
Desirable Effect

The reinforced fiberglass in cement slurry reflects the effect on its properties compared to usual additives. Fiberglass is typically used in cement slurry design for one or another of the following goals: (Earth earthquake, bearing storage, and with differential stresses, to enhance cement durability and increase its compressive strength). The main goal is to use glass fiber and ground fiberglass to improve the tensile strength and moderate compressive strength significantly. On the other hand, the use of glass fibers led to a slight increase in the value of thickening time, which is a desirable effect. Eleven glass fiber samples and milled glass fiber were used to show these materials' effect on Iraqi cement with (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, and 2) % of cement weight. Those tests used to study cement slurry‟s following properties were compressive strength, thickening time, rheology properties of free water, filtering, and density. These evaluations showed that slurries with less than 1% fiber content gave a higher compressive strength than a sample containing more than 1% glass fiber. However, the slurry mixed with equal or less than 1% milled glass fiber is higher compressive than the sample mixed with more than 1% milled glass fiber. So the optimal concentration for glass fiber is less than 1% by weight of cement (BWOC); either for milled glass fiber, it is less or equal to 1% BWOC. Both materials contributed to increasing the compressive strength of the cement. However, attention must be paid to the idealThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. concentration that should be added during the cement slurry preparation because if we use these two materials carelessly for the ideal concentration, this leads to the collapse and bombardment of the resistance of the cement rock. In other words, the collapse of cement resistance and causing problems during the cementing process.

Application of Tire Waste Material to Enhance the Properties of Saudi Class G Oil Well Cement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulmalek Ahmed ◽  
Ahmed Abdulhamid Mahmoud ◽  
Salaheldin Elkatatny ◽  
Rahul Gajbhiye ◽  
Abdulaziz Al Majed
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Poisson’S Ratio ◽  
Density Variation ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Plastic Viscosity ◽  
Poisson's Ratio ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Cement Sample ◽  
Oil Well Cement ◽  
Well Cement

Abstract Cementing is an important operation for the integrity of the wellbore due to its role in providing several functions. To perform these functions, a high performance cement is required. Different types of additives and materials have been added to the cement slurry to improve its performance. Tire waste material is considered one of the greatest wastes globally. It is a dangerous material to the environment and human. Subsequently, it has been included in many industrial processes to reduce its hazards. This work evaluated the application of tire waste material in oil and gas industry to improve the properties of Saudi class G oil well cement. Two cement slurries were formulated under high pressure and high temperature of 3000 psi and 292 °F, respectively. The first slurry was the base cement without tire waste and the second slurry contained the tire waste. The effect of using the two slurries on the cement properties such as density variation, compressive strength plastic viscosity, Poisson's ratio and porosity was evaluated. The results showed that, when tire waste material was used, lower density variation was accomplished. Using tire waste was efficient to decrease the density variation to an extremely low proportion of 0.5%. Adding tire waste to the cement composition decreased its plastic viscosity by 53.1%. The tire waste cement sample had a higher Poisson's ratio than the base cement sample by 14.3%. Utilizing the tire waste improved the cement's compressive strength by 48.3%. The cement porosity was declined by 23.1% after adding the tire waste. Beside the property's enhancement in the cement, the application of tire waste has also an economical advantage, since it is inexpensive material which is influential in our daily life.

scholarly journals Hybrid Effect of Wollastonite Fiber and Carbon Fiber on the Mechanical Properties of Oil Well Cement Pastes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jianglin Zhu ◽  
Jiangxiong Wei ◽  
Qijun Yu ◽  
Mingbiao Xu ◽  
Yuwei Luo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Oil Well Cement ◽  
Well Cement

Oil well cement is a type of natural brittle material that cannot be used directly in cementing operations. Fiber is a type of material that can effectively improve the strength and toughness of cement stone, and hybrid fiber materials can more effectively improve the performance of a cement sample. To overcome the natural defects of oil well cement, the new mineral fiber, i.e., wollastonite fiber, and common carbon fiber were used in oil well cement, and the micromorphology, mechanical properties, and stress-strain behavior of the cement were evaluated. The experimental results show that carbon fiber and wollastonite fiber are randomly distributed in the cement paste. The mechanical properties of the cement paste are improved by bridging and pulling out. The compressive strength, flexural strength, and impact strength of cement stone containing only carbon fiber or wollastonite fiber are higher than those of the pure cement, but too many fibers are not conducive to the development of mechanical properties. A mixture of 0.3% carbon fiber with 6% wollastonite fiber in oil well cement slurry results in a greater increase in compressive strength, flexural strength, and impact strength. In addition, compared with blank cement stone, the strain of the mixed cement stone increases substantially, and the elastic modulus decreases by 37.8%. The experimental results supply technical support for the design of a high-performance cement slurry system.

scholarly journals Enhancing the cement quality using polypropylene fiber

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1097-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salaheldin Elkatatny ◽  
Rahul Gajbhiye ◽  
Anas Ahmed ◽  
Ahmed Abdulhamid Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
Cement Strength ◽  
Stable Forms

AbstractDurability and long-term integrity of oil well cement are the most important parameters to be considered while designing the cement slurry, especially in the high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) environments. In this study, the effect of adding the polypropylene fiber (PPF) to Saudi Class G cement is evaluated under HPHT conditions. The effect of the PPF on the cement compressive and tensile strength, thickening time, density, free water, porosity, and permeability was studied. The effect of the PPF particles on the cement sheath microstructure was studied through powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope. The results obtained showed that PPF did not affect the cement rheology, density, and free water. The addition of PPF considerably decreased the thickening time and improved the tensile and compressive strength of the cement. 0.75% by weight of cement (BWOC) of PPF reduced the thickening time by 75%, from 317 to 78 min. The compressive strength of the cement increased by 17.8% after adding 0.5% BWOC of PPF, while the tensile strength increased by 18% when 0.75% of PPF is used which is attributed to the formation of stable forms of calcium silicate hydrates because of the ability of PPF to accelerate cement hydration process as indicated by the XRD results. The ability of the PPF to decrease the cement thickening time along with its ability to improve the cement strength suggests the use of PPF as an alternative for silica floor in shallow wells where a reduction in thickening time will decrease the wait on cement time. Porosity and permeability of the base cement were also decreased by incorporating PPF because of the pores filling effect of PPF particles as indicated by the microstructure analysis.

scholarly journals Development of a Homogenous Cement Slurry Using Synthetic Modified Phyllosilicate while Cementing HPHT Wells

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salaheldin Elkatatny
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Density Variation ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Vertical Density ◽  
Zonal Isolation

Cement slurry segregation has a detrimental impact on the cement matrix efficiency in term of zonal isolation. In this study, synthetic modified phyllosilicate (SMP) dispersant, which is known as laponite RD is suggested to reduce the slurry segregation and enhance the vertical homogeneity of the cement matrix in term of density distribution. Seven cement slurries were prepared with different SMP concentrations using molds with different dimensions based on the targeted test, then cured for 24 h at 140 °C and 3000 psi using a high-pressure and high-temperature curing chamber. After that, the samples’ density distribution was evaluated using a direct density measurement and computer tomography (CT) scan imaging technique, and the effect of SMP on the cement rheological parameters, permeability, and compressive strength and were also evaluated. The performance of SMP was then compared with a commercial dispersant. As a result, 0.3% by weight of cement (BWOC) of SMP is found to considerably reduce the vertical density variation along the cement column to 0.46% compared with a density variation of 4.78% for the slurry with the commercial dispersant. The CT scan images confirmed the vertical homogeneity of the slurry with 0.3% BWOC of SMP. Addition of 0.3% BWOC of SMP increased the yield point of the cement slurry to 60.6 MPa compared with 20.5 MPa for the slurry with 0.25% of the commercial dispersant. Adding 0.3% BWOC of SMP into the cement formulation decreased the permeability by 37.1% compared with the commercial dispersant. The sample with 0.3% BWOC of SMP has a compressive strength of 43.9 MPa.

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