scholarly journals Environmental Citizenship and Energy Efficiency in Four European Countries (Italy, The Netherlands, Switzerland and Hungary)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1154
Author(s):  
Ibolya Czibere ◽  
Imre Kovách ◽  
Gergely Boldizsár Megyesi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Financial Barriers ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Social

In our paper we aim at analysing the social factors influencing energy use and energy efficiency in four different European countries, using the data from the PENNY research (Psychological social and financial barriers to energy efficiency—Horizon 2020). As a part of the project, a survey was conducted in four European countries (Italy, The Netherlands, Switzerland and Hungary) to compare environmental self-identity, values and attitudes toward the energy use of European citizens. Previous research has examined the effect of a number of factors that influence individuals’ energy efficiency, and attitudes to energy use. The novelty of our paper that presents four attitudes regarding energy use and environmental consciousness and compares them across four different regions of Europe. It analyses the differences between the four attitudes among the examined countries and tries to understand the factors explaining the differences using linear regression models of the most important socio-demographic variables. Finally, we present a typology of energy use attitudes: four groups, the members of which are basically characterised by essentially different attitudes regarding energy use. A better understanding of the diversity of energy use may assist in making more accurate policy decisions.

Professional team's choices of intervention towards problems and needs of patients suffering from schizophrenia across six European countries

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivianne Kovess ◽  
José Miguel Caldas de Almeida ◽  
Mauro Carta ◽  
Jacques Dubuis ◽  
Elisabeth Lacalmontie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The Social ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
Similar Resource

AbstractObjectivesThis article compares in a systematic way the team's intervention choices of professionals across seven European countries: France, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain towards problems and needs of patients with schizophrenia and relates this to the diversity of psychiatric systems.MethodsThe clinical and social status of 433 patients was assessed by means of the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) and the Needs for Care Assessment instrument (NFCAS) which was used to determine teams' intervention choices toward the NFCAS problems.ResultsThere is no, or little, consensus across Europe on teams' intervention choices towards either the clinical or the social problems and needs of patients suffering from schizophrenic disorders. These comparisons outlined the cultural differences concerning the interventions that were proposed and should be taken into account when interpreting the number of needs and the need status since the need status relies heavily on the interventions proposed. The differences were not connected with the availability of resources; most of the comparisons show differences between centers as well as differences between groups of relatively similar resource countries.

scholarly journals Energy efficiency subsidies with price-quality discrimination

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Laure Nauleau ◽  
Louis-Gaëtan Giraudet ◽  
Philippe Quirion
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Social Optimum ◽  
Ad Valorem Tax ◽  
Second Best ◽  
The Social ◽  
Single Instrument ◽  
Ad Valorem

We compare various designs of energy efficiency subsidies in a market subject to both energy-use externalities and price-quality discrimination by a monopolist. We find that differentiated subsidies can establish the social optimum. Unlike per-quality regimes, ad valorem regimes generate downstream interferences: Subsidising of the high-end good leads the monopolist to reduce the quality of the low-end good. For this reason, ad valorem differentiated rates should always decrease with energy efficiency, a result seemingly at odds with actual practice. In contrast, with per-quality differentiated subsidies, the rates can increase if the externality is large enough relative to the market share of "low" type consumers. Contrary to differentiated subsidies, what we shall call single-instrument subsidies only achieve second-best outcomes. A uniform ad valorem subsidy should have a rate higher than that needed to specifically internalise energy-use externalities. Lastly, if, as is often observed in practice, only the high-end good is to be incentivised, a per-quality regime should be preferred to an ad valorem one. An ad valorem tax on the high-end good may even be preferred to an ad valorem subsidy if the externality is small enough and low-end consumers dominate the market. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.

The relation of energy efficiency upgrades and cost of living, investigated in two cases of multi-residential buildings in the Netherlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-633
Author(s):  
Thaleia Konstantinou ◽  
Tim de Jonge ◽  
Leo Oorschot ◽  
Sabira El Messlaki ◽  
Clarine van Oel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Housing Associations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Cost

PurposeDecarbonising the housing stock is one of the largest challenges in the built environment today, which is getting the attention not only from policymakers but also from social housing corporations, financial organisations and users. In line with the international Paris-Climate-Change-Conference 2015, Dutch cities and housing associations have embraced this challenge with the ambitions to become carbon neutral in 2050. To reach such goals, both the rate and depth of renovation need to increase. Several technical solutions to eliminate the energy demand in dwelling have been developed and tested. Nevertheless, the intake rate of deep retrofitting is low. Despite recent developments, there are still significant barriers related to financing, lack of information and user acceptance. To address those barriers, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between energy efficiency upgrades and the cost of living.Design/methodology/approachFocusing on walk-up apartments in the Netherlands, a framework of refurbishment measures that affect the energy efficiency was identified, and their performance was calculated. Furthermore, the rental price adjustment was estimated, taking into account the refurbishment investment and the exploitation cost of the renovated dwellings.FindingsThe comparison of the energy use and rental price for the different options demonstrated how the different renovation measures affect the energy cost, the energy use, rent and cost of living. The tenants are more likely to accept the solutions that take into account the total cost of living and sustainability benefits. The study gives a holistic standpoint to the issue of energy upgrades, by quantifying the effect of the potential measures for the whole exploitation period. It has shown the potential of the different interventions to improve the performance and living conditions, without necessarily increasing the total cost of living.Practical implicationsSuch results aim at supporting the decision making between the stakeholders, primarily housing associations and tenants.Originality/valueThe importance of the study is that it gives a holistic standpoint to the issue of energy upgrades, by quantifying the effect of the potential measures for the whole exploitation period. The cost, as a key, if not the more most decisive, issue, is put into perspective in relation to the benefit, in order to give a direction to the renovation design and arguments for the stakeholders’ dialogue. The approach of the study goes beyond cost-optimality of measures and investigated the relation between energy upgrades and cost, as a way to evaluate design variation and address the lack of information barrier in renovations. Moreover, it also proves that deep renovation is feasible without increasing in the total cost of living, which is a principal argument to promote renovations.

scholarly journals TOURISM POLICY UNDER GLOBAL CHALLENGES: EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (30) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana P. Kozhushko ◽  
◽  
Ruslan M. Kliuchnyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Long Time ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Tourism Policy

The article provides the analysis of tourism policy under global challenges. The authors consider the main aspects of the implementation of tourism policy in European countries in modern conditions proceeding from the fact that Europe has been one of the centers of tourism for a long time due to a number of factors, among them are: geographical position, level of life, accessibility (railway and air connections) and other factors that facilitate the development of tourism. Moreover, there is a large number of historical and cultural artifacts in most of the European countries – the fact that in combination with their long and successful experience of tourism policy facilitates the attraction of tourists. It has been proved that an important prerequisite for an effective tourism policy is the carefully shaped tourist image of a country. Some countries have formed it relatively recently (France, Italy, the Netherlands), while others are developing it now (Latvia, Romania). Some of the post-Socialist countries have demonstrated considerable progress in forming their images and tourism policies. The article analyses certain country-specific types of tourism: recreation tourism in Croatia with its picturesque seashore and favourable ecological situation; cultural tourism in Germany and Finland – famous for their ancient and modern artifacts (e.g., the Berlin Wall or Raatteen Porti); event tourism in some countries where annual events are held, e.g., Oktoberfest in Germany or Koningsdag in the Netherlands. Other types of tourism, such as educational, medical, religious, etc., are also specified in their connection with certain European locations. As to the tourism policies of European countries – they have much in common bearing some differences. Eloquent example of successful implementation of state tourism policy are given in the article with the accent on the experience of France, Italy, Latvia, Romania and other countries. In most of them tourism policy is run by ministries or departments responsible for culture and sports. The role of the European Union and the World Tourism Organization is also specified in the article. Some dramatic consequences of COVID-19 for the development of world tourism industry, which changed this sphere radically, are also mentioned in the article as well as a certain shift in tourists’ preferences and motivations – from extremal to safe practices. Recognizing and realizing new reality many countries keep on supporting tourism business through modification of their plans, strategies and policies

scholarly journals European Social Pacts Policy (the Netherlands, Ireland and Italy)

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
Karolina Kichewko
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Weak State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Partners

Abstract The main aims of this article are: a presentation of the theoretical framework for the analysis of the social pacts policy (taking into consideration that social pacts are phenomena which are very difficult to clearly define) and the presentation of the practice of this policy in chosen European countries (including three cases of “using” social pacts for the shaping of public policy, taking into consideration the fact that the form and content of social pacts vary from country to country). Social pacts are very special kinds of agreements between the representatives of the state and the interest groups. They can include various issues of social and economic policies, but they can also be used for solving economic difficulties and sustaining progress, including the development of the state. Social Pacts Policy is useful for a weak state and interest groups, which as a result of it can have an influence on public policy. Although, its application is not a facile process of agreement between the state and the social partners, it can have various forms and can include different goals of social and economic policies. Similarly, the range, institutionalisation and length of social pacts are not the same in all countries. Moreover, as the article indicates it refers to the economic, cultural and social circumstances, which can also cause the disappearance of the social pacts mechanism.

scholarly journals ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES AT PRESENT TIME

2018 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
M. Gnatyuk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Quality Of Life Index ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship

In this article, the relationship between energy consumption and GDP level has been analysed. The energy efficiency of European countries at present time based on the energy intensity of GDP and the quality of life index of the population has been explored. The efficiency level of the primary energy use through methods of system analysis and statistical calculations is determined. The relationship between the efficiency of the energy resources consumption by European states and the level of their economic development has been established. The presence of a significant imbalance in the energy intensity of GDP between European countries, namely between the economy in transition countries and developed countries of Europe has a much higher level of GDP per capita is revealed. The reason for this is that developed states of Europe have a more developed energy infrastructure in comparison with the former Soviet states. The energy-intensive and relatively powerful industrial sector consumes only a quarter of the energy resources consumed by EU countries due to its energy efficiency. Post-Soviet countries, although they consume less energy per capita, spend much more energy for own production of goods and services due to outdated transport infrastructure, poor green and renewable energy sources developing and transport, which significantly exceeds carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide emissions to the environment, therefore needs more fuel compared to transportation of developed European countries. The consistent patterns of primary energy consumption and its use by European states are revealed. Trends of reducing energy use and energy efficiency in the European countries have been analysed and considered. Energy efficiency of European countries through the quality of life index of the population, which takes into account the purchasing power index, the subsistence minimum, environmental pollution, the climate component, housing prices relative to the income of the population, time spent in traffic jams is analysed.

Innovative approaches to improving the management system in the sphere of social protection of the population

2018 ◽  
pp. 4-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Mahortov ◽  
Nataliya Telichko
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The Social ◽  
Innovative Approaches

The system of social’s defence of population is considered as object of state administration. Basic problems in her structure are educed under the prism of foreign experience of the European countries. The ways of reformation and realization of state administrations of the social defense’s system of population in Ukraine and development of effective mechanism of its management are offer.

Narrating Society: Enacting ‘Immigrant’ Characters through Negotiating, Naturalization, and Forgetting

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne Boersma
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Global Perspectives ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Media And Communication

This article scrutinizes how ‘immigrant’ characters of perpetual arrival are enacted in the social scientific work of immigrant integration monitoring. Immigrant integration research produces narratives in which characters—classified in highly specific, contingent ways as ‘immigrants’—are portrayed as arriving and never as having arrived. On the basis of ethnographic fieldwork at social scientific institutions and networks in four Western European countries, this article analyzes three practices that enact the characters of arrival narratives: negotiating, naturalizing, and forgetting. First, it shows how negotiating constitutes objects of research while at the same time a process of hybridization is observed among negotiating scientific and governmental actors. Second, a naturalization process is analyzed in which slippery categories become fixed and self-evident. Third, the practice of forgetting involves the fading away of contingent and historical circumstances of the research and specifically a dispensation of ‘native’ or ‘autochthonous’ populations. Consequently, the article states how some people are considered rightful occupants of ‘society’ and others are enacted to travel an infinite road toward an occupied societal space. Moreover, it shows how enactments of arriving ‘immigrant’ characters have performative effects in racially differentiating national populations and hence in narrating society. This article is part of the Global Perspectives, Media and Communication special issue on “Media, Migration, and Nationalism,” guest-edited by Koen Leurs and Tomohisa Hirata.

Globalization, Citizenship, and Subjectivity in Self Construction

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Namita Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Field ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Fields ◽  
Research Questions

One of the profound questions that troubled many philosophers is– “Who am I?” where do I come from? ‘Why am I, where I am? Or “How I see myself?” and maybe more technically -What is my subjectivity? How my subjectivity is formed and transformed? My attempt, in this paper, is to look at “I”, and see how it got shaped. To understand self, this paper tries to show, how subjectivity got transformed or persisted over five generations with changing social structure and institutions. In other words, I am trying to explore self-identity. I have analyzed changing subjectivity patterns of family, and its connection with globalization. Moreover, the research tries to show the role of the Meta field in search of subjectivity based on the following research questions; how my ancestor’s subjectivity changed with social fields? Which power forced them to change their citizenship? And how my identity is shaped within the metafield? The methodology of my study is qualitative. Faced to face interview is taken with the oldest member of family and relatives. The finding of my research is the subjectivity of Namita Poudel (Me) is shaped by the meta field, my position, and practices in the social field.

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