scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Driving Forces of Ecosystem Changes: A Case Study of the National Barrier Zone, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6680
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Wang ◽  
Yuehao Li ◽  
Bingyang Chu ◽  
Shirong Liu ◽  
Dan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Desert Ecosystem ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Contribution Rate ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Ecological Barrier ◽  
Ecosystem Changes ◽  
Barrier Zone

It is of great significance to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of the ecosystem and explore the driving forces that affect change in the ecosystem in the National Barrier Zone (NBZ). Based on multi-source remote sensing data, this paper analyzed the change in the ecosystem in the NBZ from 2000 to 2015. Natural and social economic factors were selected as the driving factors, and the change mechanism of the ecological system in the NBZ area was analyzed by means of redundancy analysis and other methods. The results showed the following: (1) Between 2000 and 2015, the ecosystem changes in the NBZ are obvious. It is important to note that the grassland and urban ecosystem increased by 13,952 and 6720 km2, respectively; at the same time, the desert ecosystem significantly decreased by 4544 km2. (2) The human activity represented by gross domestic product (GDP) is the main factor in the change of ecosystem change in the NBZ with a contribution of 75%, especially in the ecological barrier of the Sichuan–Yunnan–Loess plateau with a GDP contribution rate of 83%. (3) The changes in the ecosystems are significantly influenced by multifactorial interactions, such as the joint contribution rate of the drought index (PDSI) and GDP reaching 0.11 in the ecological barrier of Qinghai–Tibet plateau. (4) The ecological protection projects, such as the Green for Grain Project in the NBZ, play a positive role, and the ecological environment is improving. The conclusions of this paper will be used as a basic theory to contribute to subsequent research on ecosystem services, policy making, and other aspects in the NBZ.

scholarly journals Ecosystem Spatial Changes and Driving Forces in the Bohai Coastal Zone

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Cheng ◽  
Binbin Huang ◽  
Lingqiao Kong ◽  
Zhiyun Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Crop Acreage ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Ecological Conservation ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Ecosystem Changes

Landscape change is an important aspect of coastal ecological conservation and has an essential influence on the sustainable development of the coastal economy. With remoting-sensing (RS) images between 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, using geographic information system (GIS) technologies, we examined ecosystem spatial changes in the Bohai coastal zone. Results showed that wetlands, mainly constituted by reservoirs/ponds, were the dominant landscape types. The urban ecosystem has the largest area increment and the fastest growth rate from 2000 to 2015. The quantification of landscape metrics revealed that spatial patterns have changed significantly, and the change direction of these ecosystems had moved toward increased heterogeneity and fragmentation. In addition, natural and socio-economic data were used to analyze the major driving forces triggering ecosystem spatial changes through redundancy analysis (RDA). The results revealed that the output of aquatic products (AQ) and population (Pop) were the main factors related to wetland ecosystem change. Pop and gross domestic product per capita (GDPpc) were closely related to the urban ecosystem change. Annual mean temperature (ATm), crop acreage (CA), and grain yield (GY) had positive correlations with the agriculture ecosystem changes.

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Urban Parks and Their Driving Forces in Xi'an, China from 1949 to 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
Xuhui Wang ◽  
Kewei Liu ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Jian Gong ◽  
Yanjun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Human Wellbeing ◽  
Average Size

Urban parks play a key role in recreational activities, public health, and ecosystem services in urban areas. Using GIS and Fragstats, this study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban parks in Xi'an, China from 1949 to 2015 and the corresponding driving forces. The results show that the number and area of parks in Xi'an increased constantly during this period, especially from 2000 to 2015. Up to 2015, small green spaces, usually adjacent to streets, occupied the largest proportion among all types of parks. Archaeological parks were the largest in total area, but wetland parks were leading in average size of a single park. The density of parks was negatively correlated with their distance to the Clock Tower at the center of Xi'an. The dynamics of urban parks in highly urbanized areas were significantly different from that of their counterparts in suburban areas. Driving forces such as urban planning, urbanization and green space policies, and milestone events in the city's development jointly had a great effect on the distribution of parks in Xi'an. The research outcomes will support the upcoming Green Space Planning of Xi'an and benefit the pursuit of sustainability and human wellbeing.

Holocene forest transformations in sandstone landscapes of the Czech Republic: Stand-scale comparison of charcoal and pollen records

The Holocene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1468-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Novák ◽  
Vojtěch Abraham ◽  
Petr Šída ◽  
Petr Pokorný
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Ecosystem Changes

Stand-scale palaeoecology in sandstone landscapes provides insight into contrasting Holocene forest succession trajectories. Sharp geomorphological gradients in this investigated area, which in addition have never been deforested during the Holocene, provide a good model for upscaling the local vegetation histories to the wider territory of Central Europe. In three sandstone areas – Bohemian Paradise, Polemené hory and Broumov – we compare (1) anthracological records from archaeological stratigraphies under rockshelters with (2) pedoanthracological sequences from nearby locations in valleys, rocks and plateaus; and with (3) pollen analyses carried out in nearby peat accumulations. Taphonomical vectors discriminate the source vegetation of each proxy, however thanks to proximity of all sampling sites pollen record and charcoals from rockshelters integrate the signal from pedoanthracology. The results show that past distribution of individual arboreal taxa is clearly related to the position within local environmental gradients. All basic habitats – valleys, rocky edges and plateaus – started with the dominance of pine forest in the early Holocene. Middle Holocene witnessed expansion of spruce inside valleys and oak on plateaus. Pine has maintained its dominance on rocky edges. In the late Holocene, silver fir and beech expanded into valleys, while oak stands remained dominant on plateaus. In the High Medieval and Modern Ages, human impact triggered general spread of fir. Records indicate site-specific local histories connected to various human activities, fire dynamics and erosion. Against the background of these immediate driving forces, the long-term process of ecosystem changes has been influenced by climate of the Holocene.

Soil organic carbon dynamics and controlling factors in typical ecosystems of the Qinghai-Tibet Platea critical zone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyun Yao ◽  
Pei Wang ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Xuebao Xu ◽  
Junqi Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Critical Zone ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Desert Ecosystem ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Critical Zones

<p>The interface of the Earth’s critical zone is the place where organic carbon is dramatically decomposed and transformed．The dynamics and fate of organic carbon serve as an important foundation to reveal the material transportation in the Qinghai-Tibet Platea critical zones. This research analyzed temperature, soil moisture and stable carbon isotope values (δ<sup>13</sup>C) of CO<sub>2</sub> in different soil layers, measure soil surface respiration using soil respiration measurement system (LI-8100) , and analyzed carbon storage , carbon dynamics and its controlling factors in critical zones in seven typical ecosystems of the Qinghai-Tibet Platea. The results found that the underground carbon content and its controlling factors were very different in different ecosystems on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The main controlling factor of carbon changes was water in alpine steppe and desert ecosystem while it was temperature in alpine meadow. In the meanwhile, this research also measured the maximum carboxylation rate (V<sub>cmax</sub>) of dominant plants in each ecosystem, trying to explore the different carbon inputs in different ecosystems. Understanding the impacts of environmental changes on the geochemical cycling of critical zone’s organic carbon in the Qinghai-Tibet Platea would benefit the optimization of carbon cycling model and climate change predictions．</p>

scholarly journals STRATEGI ADAPTASI KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT NELAYAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN EKOSISTEM PESISIR ACEH

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arfriani Maifizar
Keyword(s):  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Fishing Communities ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
The Face ◽  
Ecosystem Changes ◽  
Taking Action ◽  
The Impact

This study includes the importance of maintaining local wisdom by fishing communities in the face of adaptation to the impact of ecosystem changes on Sabang Island. Through deepening of the literature review, in-depth interviews, observations, and focus group discussions were conducted with local fishing communities in the coastal area of Sabang Island, finally found some research results that made reference to the adaptation strategies that fishermen community carried to the impact of ecosystem changes through local wisdom. The results show that Sabang Island fishermen communities who have felt the impact of ecosystem changes such as mangrove damage, coral reefs due to exploitation of coastal resources and natural disasters can achieve the success of solving the problem in several ways either through knowledge about adaptation made by fishing communities obtained from academic knowledge, or through knowledge that has been entrusted in a downward manner known as local wisdom. Therefore, fisherman adaptation strategies in addressing the impacts of ecosystem change follow a pattern of reactive adaptation, they tend to use capabilities from within the community. This adaptation pattern is carried out by developing job diversification, modifying the fleet of boats and taking action with the community in rehabilitating damaged ecosystems and the role of commander laot to the fishermen in arranging the time of catching with the natural sign through the knowledge of inheritance as local wisdom that needs to be maintained all the time. Keyword: Fisherman Society, Adaptation, ecosystem change, local wisdom.

scholarly journals Ecosystem changes in the Egyptian saline Lake Qarun during the XX–XXI centuries (short review)

2016 ◽  
Vol 320 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-261
Author(s):  
E.V. Anufriieva ◽  
G.M. El-Shabrawy ◽  
N.V. Shadrin
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Aquatic Organism ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Species Invasions ◽  
Lake Qarun ◽  
Ecosystem Changes

Since beginning of the 20th century the salinity growth in Lake Qarun (Egypt) accelerated. Changes in the specific structure of plankton and benthos have been observed. Three stages of biotic changes may be separated. The salinity change determined biodiversity transformation only until 1928. Due to natural causes new species invasions – marginal marine (Cerastoderma glaucum, etc.) and halotolerant lacustrine (Arctodiaptomus salinus, Moina salina, etc.) – occurred, reducing the diversity and abundance of freshwater forms. Because of the growth of salinity the certain species of fish began to disappear in the lake. Catch of fish has fallen sharply, affecting the standard of living of the local population on the shores of the lake. To improve the situation, in 1928, people started to introduce the young marine fishes and crustaceans. Some species of introduced animals began to breed successfully, but not all, so the fry of some species of fish are transported annually from the sea into the lake. The second stage of the biotic transformation in the lake started, when the mass directed and accidental marine aquatic organism introduction by people was the main reason. The flow of marine species increased, halotolerant lacustrine species have disappeared, and the maritime community has formed. In 1950–1970s, intensive eutrophication began; it and alien species anthropogenic introduction have become the driving forces of the ecosystem changes. In the next decades, the main causes of changes in community structure will be eutrophication, pollution and aliens, especially jellyfish Mnemiopsis leidyi, invaded the lake in 2014.

scholarly journals Structural Changes and Growth Factors of China’s Textile Industry: 1997-2012

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2(128)) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianlei Zhang ◽  
Yunying Liu ◽  
Longdi Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Chemical Fibre ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Structural Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Contribution Rate ◽  
Industrial Sectors

In this study, the Input-Output Structural Decomposition Analysis (I-O SDA) method is adopted to analyze the structural change in China’s textile industry during 1997-2012 and to measure the contribution rate of the growth factors (consumption, investment, inventory, exports and imports) affecting change in its gross output. Then the key factors and main driving forces promoting textile industry development are figured out. The results show that China’s textile industry has experienced great change both in scale and structure. Among the growth factors, the contribution rate of exports is the largest, followed by investment, consumption, imports and inventory. The textile industry still relies heavily on exports, investment and consumption, while the contribution rate of imports is relatively small. In addition, technological change makes a positive contribution with technological innovation. Among the industrial sectors, the cotton & chemical fibre textile industry holds dominance, with the textile manufactured goods industry exhibiting tremendous development, the growth of the knitted textile industry fluctuating, and the wool textile industry and hemp & silk textile industry progressing slowly. Finally relevant policy suggestions are proposed to promote the balanced and coordinated development of China’s textile industry.

The Need to Establish a Long-Term Ecological Research Network in Morocco as a Tool to Monitor Ecosystems Under Climate Change

2022 ◽  
pp. 930-951
Author(s):  
Ahmed Karmaoui ◽  
Siham Zerouali
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Environmental Vulnerability ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Long Term Ecological Research ◽  
Environmental Vulnerability Index

Several countries are associated with the long-term ecological research (LTER) program, while others are in the process of joining the network. In Morocco, there is an urgent need to be a member of this network because the diversity of challenges associated with the various ecosystems requires multidisciplinary long-term studies. The chapter discusses this need by assessing the environmental vulnerability of Morocco basing on data from the environmental vulnerability index profile. Ecosystem change and vulnerability were investigated at the sites within the LTER program by exploring the criteria of the selected sites. The driving forces, pressures, states, impacts, responses framework would be a useful approach to study and explain the ecological changes of each selected site. The chapter highlights the purpose, significance, the mission, objectives, and the international cooperation of the proposed LTER network called Mo-LTER.

Culturable actinomycetes from desert ecosystem in northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Ding ◽  
Guichen Chen ◽  
Bochan Wang ◽  
Qilan Wang ◽  
Demei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Desert Ecosystem ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau
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