scholarly journals Ecosystem Spatial Changes and Driving Forces in the Bohai Coastal Zone

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Cheng ◽  
Binbin Huang ◽  
Lingqiao Kong ◽  
Zhiyun Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Crop Acreage ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Ecological Conservation ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Ecosystem Changes

Landscape change is an important aspect of coastal ecological conservation and has an essential influence on the sustainable development of the coastal economy. With remoting-sensing (RS) images between 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, using geographic information system (GIS) technologies, we examined ecosystem spatial changes in the Bohai coastal zone. Results showed that wetlands, mainly constituted by reservoirs/ponds, were the dominant landscape types. The urban ecosystem has the largest area increment and the fastest growth rate from 2000 to 2015. The quantification of landscape metrics revealed that spatial patterns have changed significantly, and the change direction of these ecosystems had moved toward increased heterogeneity and fragmentation. In addition, natural and socio-economic data were used to analyze the major driving forces triggering ecosystem spatial changes through redundancy analysis (RDA). The results revealed that the output of aquatic products (AQ) and population (Pop) were the main factors related to wetland ecosystem change. Pop and gross domestic product per capita (GDPpc) were closely related to the urban ecosystem change. Annual mean temperature (ATm), crop acreage (CA), and grain yield (GY) had positive correlations with the agriculture ecosystem changes.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Driving Forces of Ecosystem Changes: A Case Study of the National Barrier Zone, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6680
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Wang ◽  
Yuehao Li ◽  
Bingyang Chu ◽  
Shirong Liu ◽  
Dan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Desert Ecosystem ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Contribution Rate ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Ecological Barrier ◽  
Ecosystem Changes ◽  
Barrier Zone

It is of great significance to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of the ecosystem and explore the driving forces that affect change in the ecosystem in the National Barrier Zone (NBZ). Based on multi-source remote sensing data, this paper analyzed the change in the ecosystem in the NBZ from 2000 to 2015. Natural and social economic factors were selected as the driving factors, and the change mechanism of the ecological system in the NBZ area was analyzed by means of redundancy analysis and other methods. The results showed the following: (1) Between 2000 and 2015, the ecosystem changes in the NBZ are obvious. It is important to note that the grassland and urban ecosystem increased by 13,952 and 6720 km2, respectively; at the same time, the desert ecosystem significantly decreased by 4544 km2. (2) The human activity represented by gross domestic product (GDP) is the main factor in the change of ecosystem change in the NBZ with a contribution of 75%, especially in the ecological barrier of the Sichuan–Yunnan–Loess plateau with a GDP contribution rate of 83%. (3) The changes in the ecosystems are significantly influenced by multifactorial interactions, such as the joint contribution rate of the drought index (PDSI) and GDP reaching 0.11 in the ecological barrier of Qinghai–Tibet plateau. (4) The ecological protection projects, such as the Green for Grain Project in the NBZ, play a positive role, and the ecological environment is improving. The conclusions of this paper will be used as a basic theory to contribute to subsequent research on ecosystem services, policy making, and other aspects in the NBZ.

scholarly journals Overview of Decadal Ecosystem Changes in the Western Arabian Sea and the Occurrence of Algal Blooms

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Paul Harrison ◽  
Sergey Piontkovski ◽  
Khalid Al-Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Arabian Sea ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Ground Truthing ◽  
Ecosystem Changes ◽  
Thermohaline Stratification

Gradual decadal changes have taken place in the Western Arabian Sea over the last 50 years. These changes have affected wind speeds, atmospheric and sea surface temperature, thermohaline stratification, shoaling of the oxycline, and dust/iron inputs.  A decrease in nitrate supply of the photic layer have caused an increase in annual frequency of harmful algal blooms and fish kills. Along with that, a decrease in diatom biomass and a shift from red Noctiluca to green Noctiluca during the northeast monsoon was observed during the last two decades, Even though these are the same species they have very different nutritional modes. The red one is a heterotroph with a preference for grazing diatoms, while the green one has a symbiont and thus it is a mixotroph. Recent results suggest that this shift may be caused by the shoaling oxycline since the green one grows better under low oxygen because the symbiont produces oxygen for its host. The western Arabian Sea is temporally and spatially complex. With the recent advances in remote sensing of the ocean, a further understanding of these temporal and spatial changes can be gained through analyzing frequent images with opportunistic ground-truthing.

Spatial Perspectives on Coworking Spaces and Related Practices in Beijing

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
He Huang ◽  
Yangfanqi Liu ◽  
Yuebing Liang ◽  
David Vargas ◽  
Lu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Knowledge Economies ◽  
Coworking Spaces ◽  
The City

Coworking space is a recent manifestation of the emerging sharing economy. This is largely due to two core driving forces: a new working style in the creative and knowledge economies, and the sharing economy, which promotes resource usage efficiency. This paper develops an analytical framework for the spatial perspectives on coworking spaces according to the core driving forces at both the urban and architectural levels, followed by empirical studies on practices related to coworking space in Beijing. The results indicate that at the city scale, coworking spaces tend to aggregate in clusters of large-scale creative and knowledge enterprises in mixed-use and high-density areas, and underutilized spaces become the key pillar. In the architectural dimension, coworking spaces tend to coexist with conventional office spaces or coliving apartments. Empirical studies in Beijing also show that coworking spaces have promoted the sustainable development of the city by renewing existing low-profit urban spaces and utilizing architectural spaces more efficiently. However, the unstable lease market of small-scale businesses, as well as marginal financial models, which pro fit from rental differences, challenge the survival of coworking spaces. In pursuit of capital, coworking spaces have tended to overexpand.

Holocene forest transformations in sandstone landscapes of the Czech Republic: Stand-scale comparison of charcoal and pollen records

The Holocene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1468-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Novák ◽  
Vojtěch Abraham ◽  
Petr Šída ◽  
Petr Pokorný
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Ecosystem Changes

Stand-scale palaeoecology in sandstone landscapes provides insight into contrasting Holocene forest succession trajectories. Sharp geomorphological gradients in this investigated area, which in addition have never been deforested during the Holocene, provide a good model for upscaling the local vegetation histories to the wider territory of Central Europe. In three sandstone areas – Bohemian Paradise, Polemené hory and Broumov – we compare (1) anthracological records from archaeological stratigraphies under rockshelters with (2) pedoanthracological sequences from nearby locations in valleys, rocks and plateaus; and with (3) pollen analyses carried out in nearby peat accumulations. Taphonomical vectors discriminate the source vegetation of each proxy, however thanks to proximity of all sampling sites pollen record and charcoals from rockshelters integrate the signal from pedoanthracology. The results show that past distribution of individual arboreal taxa is clearly related to the position within local environmental gradients. All basic habitats – valleys, rocky edges and plateaus – started with the dominance of pine forest in the early Holocene. Middle Holocene witnessed expansion of spruce inside valleys and oak on plateaus. Pine has maintained its dominance on rocky edges. In the late Holocene, silver fir and beech expanded into valleys, while oak stands remained dominant on plateaus. In the High Medieval and Modern Ages, human impact triggered general spread of fir. Records indicate site-specific local histories connected to various human activities, fire dynamics and erosion. Against the background of these immediate driving forces, the long-term process of ecosystem changes has been influenced by climate of the Holocene.

scholarly journals Effect of Urbanization on Ecosystem Service Values in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration of China from 2000 to 2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10233
Author(s):  
Shan Liu ◽  
Mingxia Yang ◽  
Yuling Mou ◽  
Yanrong Meng ◽  
Xiaolu Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
The Sustainable Development

Rapid urbanization has led to the continuous deterioration of the surrounding natural ecosystem. It is important to identify the key urbanization factors that affect ecosystem services and analyze the potential effects of these factors on the ecosystem. We selected the Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei (BTH) urban agglomeration to investigate these effects, and designed three indicators to map the urbanization level: Population density, gross domestic product (GDP) density, and the construction land proportion. Four indicators were chosen to quantify ecosystem services: Food production, carbon sequestration and oxygen production, water conservation, and soil conservation. To handle the nonlinear interactions, we used a random forest (RF) method to assess the effect of urbanization on ecosystem services in the BTH area from 2000 to 2014. Our study demonstrated that population density and economic growth were the internal driving forces affecting ecosystem services. We observed changing trends in the effect of urbanization: The effect of population density on ecosystem services increased, the effect of the proportion of construction land was consistent with population density, and the effect of GDP density on ecosystem services decreased. Our results suggest that controlling the population and GDP would significantly influence the sustainable development in large urban areas.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development of Mountain Hotels through the Implementation of International Management Standards: The Romanian Case

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Firoiu ◽  
George H. Ionescu ◽  
Roxana Bădîrcea ◽  
Luminița Vochița ◽  
Maria Enescu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
International Management ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Occupancy Rate ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Management Standards ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Development Objectives

This paper aims to identify the current level of implementation of the principles of sustainable development among hotels in the mountain area of Romania, how these standards influence the occupancy rate with the help of communication strategies, and to what extent the implementation of international management standards leads to an increase in the profitability rate. The research was carried out on the basis of questionnaires addressed to the hotels in the mountain areas of Romania, with information being collected from a number of 77 hotels, rated between 2 and 5 stars. The results obtained from the research highlighted the existence of positive correlations, both between the use of a communication strategy on the sustainable development objectives and the occupancy rate, as well as between the implementation of international management standards and the increase of the profitability rate.

scholarly journals Analytical support of management accounting in managing sustainable development of agricultural organizations

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 10008
Author(s):  
Alsou Zakirova ◽  
Guzaliya Klychova ◽  
Gamlet Ostaev ◽  
Zariya Zalilova ◽  
Aigul Klychova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Agricultural Organizations

Management accounting of an economic entity in the agricultural sector is a complex multidimensional system. Sustainable development of the subject of business in the agro-industrial complex depends on many heterogeneous factors and conditions, which are understood as the reasons (driving forces) of any process determining its character or its separate features. The order of making decisions depends on the functioning of management accounting. In the context of diversity and heterogeneity of factors, a high degree of their uncertainty, complexity of interactions, study of these factors is a serious problem. Therefore, management personnel should carry out a constant analysis of all factors affecting the enterprise and assess their interaction, which reflects the cause-and-effect relations that characterize the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex. The aim of the article is the justification of theoretical provisions and the development of practical recommendations for the development of analytical support of management accounting in the management of sustainable development of agricultural organizations. Objectives of the research: to study theoretical aspects and methodological tools, to determine the set of factors of sustainable development of a business entity, to develop absolute and relative indicators, which should be applied in management accounting for assessment and analysis of economic, social and environmental sustainability.

Driving forces behind ecosystem spatial changes in the Yangtze River Basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
孔令桥 KONG Lingqiao ◽  
张路 ZHANG Lu ◽  
郑华 ZHENG Hua ◽  
徐卫华 XU Weihua ◽  
肖燚 XIAO Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Yangtze River Basin ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
The Yangtze River Basin

Life Cycle Cost Accessment of Thermal Power Project under Sustainable Development

2010 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Jun Wang ◽  
Chang Huan Tu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Ecological Conservation

Enterprise sustainable development emphasizes coordination of the development of economy, environment and society. The life cycle cost based on the sustainable development controls the engineering cost as well as environmental pollution and damage. The thermal power plant burns large amount of fossil fuels and discharge pollutants which cause serious pollution. Therefore the pollution control and ecological conservation make up important parts of construction and production cost, both of which are key parts of life cycle cost. This paper uses analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to estimate the life cycle cost and helps the enterprise to make social or temporal comparison and potentiality exploitation and to improve its sustainable development capability.

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