scholarly journals Increased Urban Resilience to Climate Change—Key Outputs from the RESCCUE Project

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9881
Author(s):  
Marc Velasco ◽  
Beniamino Russo ◽  
Robert Monjo ◽  
César Paradinas ◽  
Slobodan Djordjević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Urban Floods ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types

RESCCUE is an H2020 research project that aims to help cities around the world to become more resilient to physical, social, and economic challenges, using the water sector as the central point of the approach. Since 2016, RESCCUE has been developing methodologies and tools to support cities increase their resilience. The three RESCCUE cities, Barcelona, Bristol, and Lisbon, have become a testing platform for the cutting-edge technologies developed in RESCCUE but these are also ready to be deployed to different types of cities, with different climate change pressures. This paper presents some of the main outputs generated by RESCCUE. From climate change scenarios to dissemination tools, and from sectorial models to Resilience Action Plans (RAPs), the outputs that have been produced are very diverse, but special focus is put on the urban water cycle and urban floods. All the project results have a common goal: to increase the resilience of cities from around the world, by offering the methodologies and tools so anyone can take advantage of using them and replicate the RESCCUE results.

scholarly journals Resilience to Cope with Climate Change in Urban Areas—A Multisectorial Approach Focusing on Water—The RESCCUE Project

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Velasco ◽  
Beniamino Russo ◽  
Montserrat Martínez ◽  
Pere Malgrat ◽  
Robert Monjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Coupled Models ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Resilience Assessment

The RESCCUE Project is an H2020 research project that aims to help cities around the world to become more resilient to physical, social, and economic challenges, using the water sector as the central point of the approach. RESCCUE will generate models and tools to bring this objective to practice, while delivering a framework enabling city resilience assessment, planning and management. This will be achieved by integrating software tools, methods, and new knowledge related to the detailed urban services performance into novel and promising loosely coupled models (integrated models), multi-risk assessment method, and a comprehensive resilience platform. These tools will allow urban resilience assessment from a multisectorial approach, for current and future climate change scenarios, including multiple hazards and cascading effects. The RESCCUE approach will be implemented in three EU cities (Barcelona, Bristol, and Lisbon) and, with the support of UN-Habitat, disseminate their results among other cities belonging to major international networks. The aim of this paper is to present the main goals of this project, as well as the approach followed and the main expected results after the four years of implementation, so other cities around the world can use the RESCCUE approach to increase their resilience.

Climate, ticks and disease

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Disease Ecology ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
The World ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
The Future ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract This book is a collection of 77 expert opinions arranged in three sections. Section 1 on "Climate" sets the scene, including predictions of future climate change, how climate change affects ecosystems, and how to model projections of the spatial distribution of ticks and tick-borne infections under different climate change scenarios. Section 2 on "Ticks" focuses on ticks (although tick-borne pathogens creep in) and whether or not changes in climate affect the tick biosphere, from physiology to ecology. Section 3 on "Disease" focuses on the tick-host-pathogen biosphere, ranging from the triangle of tick-host-pathogen molecular interactions to disease ecology in various regions and ecosystems of the world. Each of these three sections ends with a synopsis that aims to give a brief overview of all the expert opinions within the section. The book concludes with Section 4 (Final Synopsis and Future Predictions). This synopsis attempts to summarize evidence provided by the experts of tangible impacts of climate change on ticks and tick-borne infections. In constructing their expert opinions, contributors give their views on what the future might hold. The final synopsis provides a snapshot of their expert thoughts on the future.

Climate Change and the Health of Urban Populations

Urban Health ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Patrick L. Kinney
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Urban Populations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Risk Of Exposure

Global climate change represents one of the sentinel changes the world is facing and that will threaten population health in this century. In the context of urban health, climate change threatens to increase urban heat island effects, to change exposure to pollution, and to increase urban residents’ risk of exposure to natural disasters, among other phenomena. And yet urban innovation is central to the longer term solution to climate change from the development of innovative approaches that reduce cities’ carbon footprint to initiatives that increase urban resilience in the face of climate change threats. This chapter discusses the threat that climate change poses for urban populations and potential approaches that can mitigate this challenge toward improving urban health.

scholarly journals Mitigating Effects of Climate Change and Deforestation on Bees With Respect to Their Ecology and Biology

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Musiliyu Oladipupo Mustafa ◽  
Olubusola Temitope Adeoye ◽  
Folorunso Ishaq Abdulalzeez ◽  
Olukayode Dare Akinyemi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Tropical Rainforests ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Populous Country

<p>Deforestation occurs around the world; though tropical rainforests are particularly targeted, it is considered to be one of the contributing factors to global climate change. While Nigeria is probably best known today for its oil deposits, according to the World Resources Institute, Nigeria is home to 4,715 different types of plant species, and over 550 species of breeding birds and mammals, making it one of the most ecologically vibrant places of the planet. It is also one of the most populous country with appalling deforestation record. This situation is hence making our ecosystems, biodiversity, agriculture and other natural endowments highly unsecured. The Forest provides excellent resources for bees and beekeeping, and bees are a vital part of forest ecosystems. Bees are essential for sustaining our environment because they</p><p>Pollinate flowering plants and conserves biological biodiversity along with their products (honey, propolis, bee wax, royal jelly and bee venom) which are beneficial to man. Conservation of the forest is therefore imperative for sustainable beekeeping. The study reviews the different causes of climate change and how they affect different natural forest activities which are weather-dependent. Also how climate change and other causes (both natural and man-made) lead to deforestation, which in turn distort sustainable honey production in Nigeria. Different sustainable measures hoped to alleviate the effects of climate change and deforestation where also discussed. </p>

scholarly journals Quantifying the Uncertainty Related to Climate Change in the Assessment of Urban Flooding—A Case Study

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2072
Author(s):  
Liuzzo ◽  
Freni
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Flood Susceptibility ◽  
Rainfall Variations ◽  
Flooding Events

Recent studies have pointed out that climate change is likely to have important implications on the extent and frequency of flooding events. Indeed, the intensification of the water cycle occurring in different areas of the world can dramatically affect the incidence of extreme events and, consequently, the flow in rivers or artificial channels, increasing the probability of disastrous floods. In this context, the criteria for the assessment of flood risk need to be improved to take into account the variability of rainfall due to climate change. In this study, a Bayesian procedure was used to update the parameters of the depth–duration–frequency (DDF) curves and quantify the uncertainty related to their assessment in some climate change scenarios. The critical storm obtained from these updated DDF curves was used as input for the FLO-2D hydraulic model, in order to investigate the effects of climate change on flood risk. The area of study was an urban catchment in Piazza Armerina, a small town located in Southern Italy. Results showed that rainfall variations remarkably affect not only the magnitude of flood events, but also the flood susceptibility of the study area.

scholarly journals Water management and climate change monitoring in Tunisia and Egypt using remote sensing techniques

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simonetta Paloscia ◽  
Giacomo Fontanelli ◽  
Simone Pettinato ◽  
Emanuele Santi ◽  
Giuliano Ramat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Water Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Models ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques

&lt;p&gt;This project deals with the implementation of an innovative water management system in Mediterranean countries (i.e. Tunisia and Egypt), which suffer from chronic water scarcity, together with two European countries (Germany and Italy). The consortium is developing and applying synergic methods and algorithms for investigating the water cycle, using remote sensing techniques.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The focus is on the use of satellite data (both optical and microwave) for monitoring vegetation cover and water status along with soil moisture temporal evolutions in order to improve the knowledge of the water cycle in arid areas. Both local and regional monitoring are carried out in order to investigate different spatial scales.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Environmental models and algorithms for the retrieval of hydrological parameters have been developed in the frame of this project in order to match the main goal of the project, i.e. to propose practical and cost-effective solutions for driving and updating a method for the sustainable use of water in agriculture.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An optimized management of water resources for cultivated lands on Egyptian Delta (Northern part) and Tunisian territory will be realized by analyzing the available spatial and temporal data for the areas of interest appropriately selected for this purpose. As such, an efficient water use, equitable distribution of water resources, community participation in decisions, and sustainable system operation over time can be supported.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;First of all, we aim to localize different crop and irrigation techniques for the study regions. This information is required as a basis for further investigations and assessments. Secondly, the water efficiency for different lands, crop types and irrigation systems will be assessed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Afterwards, possible improvements in agricultural practice with respect to climate change scenarios and information on water efficiency will be determined by rating the outcome from the assessment.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Climate change effects on the hydrology of the headwaters of the Tagus River: implications for the management of the Tagus–Segura transfer

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6473-6491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Pellicer-Martínez ◽  
José Miguel Martínez-Paz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Tagus River

Abstract. Currently, climate change is a major concern around the world, especially because of the uncertainty associated with its possible consequences for society. Among them, fluvial alterations can be highlighted in basins whose flows depend on groundwater discharges and snowmelt. This is the case of the headwaters of the Tagus River basin, whose water resources, besides being essential for water uses within this basin, are susceptible to being transferred to the Segura River basin (both basins are in the Iberian Peninsula). This work studies the possible effects that the latest climate change scenarios may have on this transfer, one of the most important ones in southern Europe. In the first place, the possible alterations of the water cycle of the donor basin were estimated. To do this, a hydrological model was calibrated. Then, with this model, three climatic scenarios were simulated, one without climate change and two projections under climate change (Representative Concentration Pathways 4.5 (RCP 4.5) and 8.5 (RCP 8.5)). The results of these three hydrological modelling scenarios were used to determine the possible flows that could be transferred from the Tagus River basin to the Segura River basin, by simulating the water resource exploitation system of the Tagus headwaters. The calibrated hydrological model predicts, for the simulated climate change scenarios, important reductions in the snowfalls and snow covers, the recharge of aquifers, and the available water resources. So, the headwaters of the Tagus River basin would lose part of its natural capacity for regulation. These changes in the water cycle for the climate change scenarios used would imply a reduction of around 70 %–79 % in the possible flows that could be transferred to the Segura basin, with respect to a scenario without climate change. The loss of water resources for the Segura River basin would mean, if no alternative measures were taken, an economic loss of EUR 380–425 million per year, due principally to decreased agricultural production.

New build homes, resilience and environmental justice – current and future trends in flood risk under climate change across England and Wales

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Rözer ◽  
Swenja Surminski
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
National Level ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Loss And Damage ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Face

&lt;p&gt;Despite improvements in the management of risk from climate related hazards and the introduction of new regulations, loss and damage caused by climate related hazards remains high. An important driver in many parts of the world is the continuation of new assets being built in hazard prone locations. Over the last decade over 120,000 new homes in England and Wales have been built in areas affected by different types of flooding. While the yearly rates of new homes in areas affected by river, coastal or surface water flooding have increased only moderately on the national level, significant differences between and within regions as well as between different flood types exist. Using property level data on new homes built over the last decade and information on the socio-economic development of neighbourhoods, we analyse spatial clusters of disproportional increase in exposure to single or multiple types of flooding from recently built homes and investigate how these patterns evolve under different future climate change scenarios. We find that a disproportionately higher number of homes built in struggling or declining neighbourhoods between 2008 and 2018 is expected to end up in areas at a high risk of flooding over their lifetime as a result of climate change. Based on these findings, we discuss issues regarding future spending on flood protection and affordability of flood insurance in the face of climate change as well as the transferability of the findings to other climate related hazards.&lt;/p&gt;

Climate Change and Supply Chain Operations

2011 ◽  
pp. 93-126
Author(s):  
Costas P. Pappis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
Stern Review ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

In the previous chapter 3 the focus of the presentation has been on the implications of climate change, as felt globally, for the environment and human societies in developing as well as in developed countries. As noticed there, the Stern Review’s conclusion that “climate change will have increasingly severe impacts on people around the world, with a growing risk of abrupt and large-scale changes at higher temperatures” (Stern Review, 2006) is shared by most scientists and governments. The Review warns that “a warmer world with a more intense water cycle and rising sea levels will influence many key determinants of wealth and well-being, including water supply, food production, human health, availability of land, and the environment” (Stern Review, p. 84).

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