scholarly journals Co-Composting of Khat-Derived Biochar with Municipal Solid Waste: A Sustainable Practice of Waste Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10668
Author(s):  
Zewdu Abebe Tessfaw ◽  
Abebe Beyene ◽  
Amsalu Nebiyu ◽  
Krzysztof Pikoń ◽  
Marcin Landrat
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Optimum Ratio ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Organic Matter Loss

Biochar is a way to improve the performance of the composting process and the quality of compost. This study was aimed to investigate the optimum ratio of khat straw (Catha edulis) biochar and organic municipal solid waste mixtures to improve the quality of the resulting co-composts. Khat-derived biochar during pyrolysis at 350 °C was added to organic municipal solid waste mix and four co-composting treatments were prepared with the compositions (% w/w): control compost (no biochar) and 5%, 15%, and 25% co-composted biochar in three replicates. The total organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and potassium values ranged as 16.76–21.45%, 30.77–40.26%, 0.97–1.68%, 0.58–0.76%, and 12.72–15.29%, respectively. The results confirmed that 5% and 15% co-composted khat biochars had significantly reduced (p < 0.05) organic matter loss and increased the contents of cation exchange capacity, pH, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and zinc compared to the control compost, while some heavy metals (Fe, Cu, and Mn) and EC values in co-composted biochars are lower than the control compost. Khat-derived biochar could be added to municipal organic waste mix at 5–15% (w/w) in order to get better quality of compost, which can be used as biofertilizer.

scholarly journals Effect of feather compost on soil chemical indicators in CCN-51 cocoa plantation (Theobroma cacao L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Nelino Florida-Rofner ◽  
José Dolores Levano-Crisóstomo ◽  
Santos Jacobo-Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Town ◽  
Cocoa Plantation

Introduction. Organic management of cocoa accounts for 60% of production in Peru and large amounts of compost prepared with different inputs are used, in order to improve the quality of the soil and cocoa yields. Objective. Evaluated the effect of the application of chicken feather compost on the main soil chemical indicators in a cocoa plantation CCN-51 un the Town of Nuevo Progreso, province of Padre Abad in the Ucayali-Peru region was evaluated. Materials and methods. A randomized complete block design was used, with four treatments and four repetitions where: FC1 was an absolute witness, FC2 feather compost at a rate of 2,000 kg. ha-1, FC3 feather compost at a rate of 4,000 kg. ha-1 and FC4 feather compost at a rate of 6 000 kg. ha-1. The main chemical indicators of soil quality were evaluated: hydrogen potential (pH), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+) , aluminum (Al3+), available cadmium (Cd2+), changeable acids (AC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Results. The results showed a decrease in exchangeable aluminum and changeable acidity and increases in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, depending on the proportion of compost applied, these indicators presented significant differences (p <0.05); The pH, calcium and cadmium available did not show significant differences (p <0.05). Conclusion. Feather compost (FC) significantly improved the levels of OM, N, P and K+, indicators that define soil quality and reduce aluminum levels, the latter of utmost importance in acidic soils.

scholarly journals Effects of Municipal Solid Waste Compost, Fertilizers, Rhizobium and Flora on the Nutrient Content and Uptake of Wheat

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
MS Afroz ◽  
JN Ferdoush
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Science Field ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Compost

The effect of municipal solid waste compost, fertilizers, Rhizobium and flora on the growth and yield of wheat was studied through a field experiment at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The soil was silty loam in texture having pH 6.94, organic matter 1.62%, total nitrogen 0.067%, available phosphorus 10.45 ppm, exchangeable K 0.08 me/100g soil, available sulphur 12.00 ppm and cation exchange capacity 15.0 me/100g soil. There were seven treatments such as T0 = control, T1 = 100% recommended doses of fertilizer (RDF), T2 = 100% RDF + compost @ 3.5 t ha-1, T3 = 100% RDF + compost @ 3.5 t ha-1 + Rhizobium, T4 = 75% RDF + 25% N based compost, T5 = 75% RDF + 25% N based compost + Rhizobium, T6 = 100% RDF + Flora. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, zinc and boron were applied as basal dose from TSP, MOP, gypsum, zinc sulphate and boric acid @ 30 kg P, 135 kg K, 15 kg S, 2 kg Zn and 1 kg B, respectively. Nitrogen as urea was used @100 kg ha-1 for the respective treatments. For T3 and T5, the seeds were inoculated with Rhizobial strains. The plants were harvested at maturity and the grain and straw yields were recorded. Wheat grain and straw samples were collected and analyzed for N,P,K and S. The nutrient uptake of wheat calculated. Application of municipal solid waste compost, fertilizers, Rhizobium and flora increased the N and S content both in grain and straw of wheat but decreased the P content as compared to control. The K content in wheat straw increased with different treatments but the effect was reverse in case of wheat grain. The N,P,K,and S uptake of wheat grain and straw as well as the total uptake increased significantly with all the treatments over control.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22039 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 47-52 2013

Effects of shifting and continuous cultivation of cassava (Manihot esculenta) intercropped with maize (Zea mays) on a forest alfisol in south-western Nigeria

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Aweto ◽  
O. Obe ◽  
O. O. Ayanniyi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Sodium Cation ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Forest Soil Organic Matter

SUMMARYSoils in farmlands near Ibadan, Nigeria, where shifting or continuous cultivation of cassava intercropped with maize is practised, were sampled in February 1990 and their characteristics compared with those of similar, uncultivated, forest soil. Organic matter, total nitrogen, exchangeable calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium, cation exchange capacity and pH were lower in the cultivated soils. Continuous cultivation exerted a greater effect on soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus status then did shifting cultivation. It is suggested that inorganic and organic fertilizers and mulch should be applied to cultivated soil to conserve the soil nutrients. Fallows of 3–6 years following 1–3 years of cropping appeared incapable alone of adequately restoring soil fertility. They should, therefore, be supplemented with fertilizer applications.

The Determine of Sugar Beet Nutrition Problems in Konya Plain’s Soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Nesim Dursun ◽  
Sait Gezgin ◽  
Mehmet Musa Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Sugar Beet Crop

Abstract This study was aimed to determine the deficiency or excessivity of nutrients for sugar beet crop in Konya plain. The results showed that the pH value was found as 7.65 and soils were classified as sodic; the organic matter was 1.59% and 92.9% of the soil samples was poor in terms of the organic matter. The mean lime content (CaCO3) was determined capacity was 26.07 and 97.1% of the soil samples was limy and the mean cation Exchange capacity was 26.07 me/100g, and it was varied between 10.72 me/100g and 44.7 me/100g. The mean available NH4+NO3 nitrogen content, phosphorus and potassium for crop were as 0.059%, 10.21 ppm and 1.39 me/100g, respectively. According to the these results, NH4+NO3 nitrogen and potassium amounts were sufficient while the phosphourus content was sufficient in 65.8% and insufficient in 34.2%. Cu and Mn content in soil samples were adequate. The sufficient amounts of Zn, B and Fe were 85.7%, 45.8% and 95.7% and their insufficient amounts were 14.53%, 54.2% and 4.3%, respectively. According to the result of leaf analyses, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium were sufficient. The deficiencies of iron, zinc and bor were found in 4.3%, 14.3% and 38.6% of the total samples, respectively.

scholarly journals Process modeling of municipal solid waste compost ash for reactive red 198 dye adsorption from wastewater using data driven approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hadi Dehghani ◽  
Mehdi Salari ◽  
Rama Rao Karri ◽  
Farshad Hamidi ◽  
Roghayeh Bahadori
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Reactive Red 198 ◽  
Msw Compost

AbstractIn the present study, reactive red 198 (RR198) dye removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption using municipal solid waste (MSW) compost ash was investigated in batch mode. SEM, XRF, XRD, and BET/BJH analyses were used to characterize MSW compost ash. CNHS and organic matter content analyses showed a low percentage of carbon and organic matter to be incorporated in MSW compost ash. The design of adsorption experiments was performed by Box–Behnken design (BBD), and process variables were modeled and optimized using Box–Behnken design-response surface methodology (BBD-RSM) and genetic algorithm-artificial neural network (GA-ANN). BBD-RSM approach disclosed that a quadratic polynomial model fitted well to the experimental data (F-value = 94.596 and R2 = 0.9436), and ANN suggested a three-layer model with test-R2 = 0.9832, the structure of 4-8-1, and learning algorithm type of Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation. The same optimization results were suggested by BBD-RSM and GA-ANN approaches so that the optimum conditions for RR198 absorption was observed at pH = 3, operating time = 80 min, RR198 = 20 mg L−1 and MSW compost ash dosage = 2 g L−1. The adsorption behavior was appropriately described by Freundlich isotherm, pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Further, the data were found to be better described with the nonlinear when compared to the linear form of these equations. Also, the thermodynamic study revealed the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the adsorption process. In relation to the reuse, a 12.1% reduction in the adsorption efficiency was seen after five successive cycles. The present study showed that MSW compost ash as an economical, reusable, and efficient adsorbent would be desirable for application in the adsorption process to dye wastewater treatment, and both BBD-RSM and GA-ANN approaches are highly potential methods in adsorption modeling and optimization study of the adsorption process. The present work also provides preliminary information, which is helpful for developing the adsorption process on an industrial scale.

Achieving “Final Storage Quality” of municipal solid waste in pilot scale bioreactor landfills

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Valencia ◽  
W. van der Zon ◽  
H. Woelders ◽  
H.J. Lubberding ◽  
H.J. Gijzen
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Bioreactor Landfills ◽  
Storage Quality

scholarly journals Adsorption of Copper in Soil and its Dependence on Physical and Chemical Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vítězslav Vlček ◽  
Miroslav Pohanka
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Copper Adsorption ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Soil samples (n = 11) were collected in the chernozem areas of the Czech Republic (the Central Europe) from the topsoil and used as representative samples. All sampling areas have been used for agricultural purposes (arable soil) and they were selected as typical representatives of agricultural soil. These samples represented the soil with same genesis (to reduction differencies between soil types) but with different soil properties (physical and chemical). Complete chemical and physical analyses were made for confirmation of copper adsorption on solid phase: we analysed the particle size distribution, content of oxidizable carbon (Cox), the cation exchange capacity (CEC), supply of exchange calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus and potassium, soil reaction and the total supply of Fe, Al, Mn, Ca, Mg, K, P and N. The strongest simple correlation between analysed soil properties and copper concentration had content of available magnesium (r = 0.44) and available phosphorus (r = −0.51). In the case of multiple correlations (i. e. collective influence of multiple soil properties) had the strongest influence combination of clay, soil reaction, total content of phosphorus, available magnesium and available phosphorus. The main influence of phosphorus and magnesium is evident. We suppose that copper and phosphorus enter into specific complex. Influence of these five soil properties can explain 92.7 % (r = 0.927) changes in the content of copper changes in the experiment.

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