scholarly journals Study on the Impact of Industrial Agglomeration on Ecological Sustainable Development in Southwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1301
Author(s):  
Lei Gao ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
Jingran Zhang ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Yue Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southwest China ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Industrial Agglomeration ◽  
Ecological Efficiency ◽  
Unrelated Diversification ◽  
Related Diversification ◽  
The Impact

Southwest China is a fragile terrestrial ecosystem restricted by its geological background, which leads to a contradiction between its industrial economic development and the ecological environment. In this study, to explore the influence and mechanisms of the three industrial agglomeration modes, namely, specialization, related diversification, and unrelated diversification, on the eco-efficiency of the region, linear and nonlinear regression models were applied to the data of five Southwest provinces from 2006 to 2018. Specialization agglomeration had a significant negative impact on the eco-efficiency of four provinces outside Tibet in Southwest China. With the decrease of industrial specialization, their eco-efficiency improved. The effects of related diversification agglomeration on the ecological efficiency of four provinces outside Tibet in Southwest China showed a “U” curve. The degree of industrial diversification in these provinces exceeded the critical value of 1.46, and the effect on eco-efficiency was shown. The unrelated diversification agglomeration had a negative effect on the ecological efficiency of the four provinces outside Tibet in Southwest China. The degree of industrial-unrelated diversification in Guizhou Province increased slightly, which was not conducive to the improvement of local eco-efficiency. Additionally, it decreased significantly in other provinces, which caused the improvement of local eco-efficiency. The conclusion provides a theoretical basis for industrial green transformation path selection and related policy formulation in Southwest China.

scholarly journals What Type of Industrial Agglomeration Is Beneficial to the Eco-Efficiency of Northwest China?

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Lei Gao ◽  
Taowu Pei ◽  
Tielong Wang ◽  
Yue Hao ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Ecology ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Industrial Agglomeration ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Unrelated Diversification ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Negative Effect

The contradiction between industrial economic development and the ecological environment in Northwest China is prominent, so the green transformation of industrial economy in this region is imperative. From the perspective of industrial ecology, this study uses economic and environmental statistics from Northwest China from 2006 to 2018 as well as the Krugman specialization index and entropy index methods to calculate the degree of different types of industrial agglomeration in Northwest China. The eco-efficiency of Northwest China is calculated by the global SBM-DDF model. On this basis, the stochastic effect panel tobit regression model is used to analyze the influence and mechanism of different types of industrial agglomeration on eco-efficiency in Northwest China. The results show that the concentration of specialization has a significantly negative effect on the eco-efficiency of Northwest China at the level of 1%. Excepting Ningxia, the eco-efficiency of other provinces has been improved with the decrease of industrial specialization. The influence of the related diversification agglomeration on the eco-efficiency in Northwest China shows a U curve. The degree of industrial correlation diversification in Qinghai and Ningxia is less than the critical value 1.45, whereas Shaanxi, Gansu, and Xinjiang have crossed the inflection point. The unrelated diversification agglomeration has a negative effect on the eco-efficiency of Northwest China at the level of 1%, and the degree of industrial independent diversification in Shaanxi Province has decreased slightly, which is beneficial to the improvement of eco-efficiency. By contrast, other provinces have increased considerably. The conclusion can provide a theoretical basis for industrial green transformation path selection and related policy formulation in Northwest China.

Dynamics of affordability and immigration in the Canadian housing market

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikkram Singh
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Essential Contribution ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to make two major contributions. First, given the literature gap in housing unaffordability for different immigrant groups in Canada, it makes an essential contribution to the literature. To the best of the knowledge, this study is the first study of its kind to examine housing unaffordability by examining different immigrant groups. Second, differences in unaffordability can help understand the decline in welfare, as it can have financial implications and a negative impact on health outcomes. Third, this study’s findings are valuable for policy formulation to improve immigrant integration and ease the housing unaffordability crisis. Design/methodology/approach This study examines the determinants of housing affordability to investigate differences among various immigrant groups in Canada. A bivariate logit model using public microdata from the Canadian census estimates the determinants of moderate and severe unaffordability. Additionally, the separation of tenants and owners provides insights into the dynamics of unaffordability. The results show significant differences between immigrant groups with higher levels of unaffordability among Asian immigrants. The insights can help devise and implement housing assistance programs to address the challenges arising from the post-COVID-19 pandemic phase. Findings The results indicate that unaffordability declines with increasing age, education and full-time employment. Gender dynamics are evident, with women faring worse than men regarding the likelihood of extreme housing unaffordability. Households face a greater likelihood of unaffordability in more populous provinces and larger census metropolitan areas that struggle with the high cost of living, racial disparities and low income. Immigrants, especially from Asia, Africa and the Middle East, continue to struggle with chronic and severe unaffordability issues. The impact is much more severe for those renting, exemplifying the strain it is taking on the financial health of recent immigrants. Originality/value Given the literature gap in housing unaffordability for different immigrant groups in Canada, it makes an essential contribution to the literature. To the best of the knowledge, this study is the first study of its kind to examine housing unaffordability by examining different immigrant groups.

scholarly journals Product diversification and large construction firm productivity: the effect of institutional environments in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Azrai Azman ◽  
Carol K.H. Hon ◽  
Bo Xia ◽  
Boon L. Lee ◽  
Martin Skitmore
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Product Diversification ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Construction Firms ◽  
Unrelated Diversification ◽  
Construction Firm ◽  
Related Diversification ◽  
Generalised Method Of Moments ◽  
The Impact

PurposeMany large construction firms (LCFs) adopt product diversification (PD) to counter downturns and spread risks. However, no detailed information is available concerning the type of PD that improves their performance. In addition, it is still uncertain how much changes in institutional dimensions influence the effectiveness of PD. Therefore, the aim is to resolve this issue by establishing a model that shows the extent of this influence.Design/methodology/approachThe generalised method of moments (GMM) estimator is used to model the PD strategies of 86 LCFs in Malaysia over 14 years (2003–2016) and its impact on productivity and profitability performance.FindingsUnrelated diversification (UD) decreased firm performance in 2003–2016, while related diversification (RD) had a positive impact during the more liberal 2010–2016 phase. The models show that the impact of PD is highly dependent on changes in institutional dimensions.Practical implicationsFirstly, managers may adjust the type of PD and its level of diversification to improve firm performance. Secondly, they may devise PD strategies based on changes in institutional dimensions to maximise their effectiveness.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the literature by determining the optimal amount of PD (including RD and UD) and its impact on performance. Secondly, the study is the first to investigate the moderating relationship of the institutional dimensions of economic and regulatory institutions on PD-firm performance. Thirdly, the study is the first to explore the components of technical-scale-scope economies (movement towards and around the production frontier), this being crucial to the strategy that was only conjectured in previous studies.

scholarly journals Methodology for Assessing and Managing the Environmental Performance of Skidding and Feller Buncher Tractors

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1723
Author(s):  
Igor Grigorev ◽  
Ol’ga Kunickaya ◽  
Evgeniy Tikhonov ◽  
Edward Hertz ◽  
Anna Khakhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Ecological Efficiency ◽  
Tire Pressure ◽  
Tracked Vehicles ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles

Systematic assessments on the effects of skidding systems on features of forest blueberry pine soil were conducted as part of this study. Assessing the ecological efficiency of forest skidding machines showed that the most significant impact (by 2.0–2.2 times) on soil compaction was observed at loading sites rather than during transportation. Lightweight loam density and sand density increased by 25% and 2%, respectively, after more than two passages of the skidding system. Pressure in 33L-32 tires of forestry machinery in operation on a solid surface varied from 46.5 kPa to 196 kPa at maximum load. Studying the impact of tires on soil compaction showed that the environmental efficiency of forestry equipment can be enhanced if the optimal tire pressure at average loads does not exceed 70 kPa for tracked vehicles and 150 kPa for wheeled vehicles in summer seasons. When ground grips were fully immersed, the pressure of forwarders on soil was reduced. These study results can be used to establish organizational and technological measures in order to manage the negative impact of skidding systems and to increase the environmental effects of their performance.

An Empirical Study about the Effect of Industrial Agglomeration on Export - Based on Manufacturing Panel Data in Jiangsu Province

2014 ◽  
Vol 1014 ◽  
pp. 533-538
Author(s):  
Qi Zhen Wang ◽  
Ying Ming Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Industrial Agglomeration ◽  
The Impact

This article made empirical analysis of industrial agglomeration and export based on the manufacturing panel data during 2002-2011 in Jiangsu Province. The results indicate industrial agglomeration has a negative impact on export in the 29 industries. We should distinguish between the impact of industrial agglomeration and industry dispersed on export, and study different effect on export among concentration trends of manufacturing industries. On this basis, we propose some targeted recommendations.

scholarly journals Influence of Different Industrial Agglomeration Modes on Eco-Efficiency in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13139
Author(s):  
Xiaohu Li ◽  
Xigang Zhu ◽  
Jianshu Li ◽  
Chao Gu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
City Size ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Industrial Agglomeration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

It is a key issue for the Chinese government to improve eco-efficiency and realize green development. As a spatial organization mode of industrial labor division, industrial agglomeration has a complex impact on eco-efficiency. However, it is still debatable which industrial agglomeration modes have a positive impact on eco-efficiency. This paper employs a panel threshold model, enterprise micro-level data, and relevant economic environment data from 283 cities in China from 2004 to 2012. It tests the nonlinear effects of specialized, related diversified, and unrelated diversified agglomeration on industrial eco-efficiency. The results show that the impact of specialized and related diversified agglomeration on industrial eco-efficiency is first inhibited and then promoted. The unrelated diversified agglomeration has a significantly negative impact on industrial eco-efficiency, but the negative impact weakens when agglomeration reaches a certain level. Furthermore, the impact of the three agglomeration modes on industrial eco-efficiency depends on city size. The impact of specialized agglomeration on industrial eco-efficiency is insignificant in small- and some medium-sized cities, but it has a significant inhibitory effect on industrial eco-efficiency when the city surpasses medium size. The role of related diversified agglomeration in promoting industrial eco-efficiency is further enhanced with the growth of city size. The impact of unrelated diversified agglomeration on industrial eco-efficiency gradually changes from negative to positive, but it plays a promoting role only when the city reaches the scale of super-large and mega-cities. Finally, this paper suggests that policymakers should formulate differentiated agglomeration policies according to changes in industrial agglomeration level or city size to improve industrial eco-efficiency.

scholarly journals Impact of Fast Urbanization on Ecosystem Health in Mountainous Regions of Southwest China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 826
Author(s):  
Yi Xiao ◽  
Luo Guo ◽  
Weiguo Sang
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

Accelerated urbanization has changed land use patterns, leading to the deterioration of ecosystems. Assessments of ecosystem health (ESH) during the urbanization process are used to determine the reasons and mechanism for this, and to uncover negative factors. In this study, we assessed the ESH of Qiannan prefecture, in Guizhou Province, China, based on the ecosystem services value. We selected a series of indicators, including natural, social, and economic aspects, to detect the impact of urbanization on ecosystem services in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015. The results show that ESH in Qiannan declined from 1990 to 2015, especially in the eastern and northern regions. Further, the results indicate that urbanization had a negative impact on ESH, of which the dominant factor was the proportion of construction land from 1990 to 2005. After 2005, moreover, the dominant factor was the gross domestic product. The impact of urbanization on EHS had spatial differences, however. The most significant negative impact was found in the east and north. After 2010, the western and central regions of Qiannan showed an urbanization trend in favor of ecosystem health. We recommend ecological restoration in regions with weak and relatively weak ESH levels to achieve sustainable development.

scholarly journals Prediction of Bhutan's ecological distribution of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under the impact of climate change through maximum entropy modelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 25-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngawang Chhogyel ◽  
Lalit Kumar ◽  
Yadunath Bajgai ◽  
Layomi Sadeeka Jayasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Maximum Entropy ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Range Shift ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe current research investigated the present and future projected distribution of rice (Oryza sativa L.) based on climatic suitability under three representative concentration pathways (RCPs) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change using maximum entropy (MaxEnt) modelling. The MaxEnt models predict that rice distribution in Bhutan will undergo major changes in terms of spatial range shift of varying magnitudes by 2060. Under the anthropogenic radiative forcing of RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, ecological space of rice is predicted to change between 1 and 43%. Major changes are likely to take place in major rice-growing ecological zones of the country. This is likely to have a negative impact on the livelihood and food security of the people as crop production might start declining due to unfavourable climatic factors. Therefore, the findings of this study could prove beneficial for forecasting focus sites requiring interventions, including future climate research, planning, policy formulation and conservation of natural resources.

Forest recovery and its driving forces in karst areas of southwest China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaona Guo ◽  
Ruishan Chen ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Michael E. Meadows ◽  
Zhenzhen Pan
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Forest Change ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Karst Areas

<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Globally, the loss of forest is of great concern as forest plays many key roles in the earth system, for example, it contributes to biogeochemical cycles and rural livelihoods. Forest could provide ecosystem services such as soil retention and flood regulation and is especially critical in mountain environments. Deforestation in such regions further results in carbon emission and biodiversity loss and may reduce agricultural productivity and increase the poverty rate. In China, recognition of these problems has prompted a series of ecological construction programs, including “Returning Farmland to Forest” (RFF), which advocates stopping farming on sloping land that is prone to soil erosion and promotes afforestation and recovery of forest vegetation and was initially implemented in 1999. The program has been widely applied in Guizhou Province, a typical fragile karst mountain area of southwest China. There is, however, a lack of knowledge of the effectiveness of the RFF policy, and the relative roles played by possible factors that lead to forest change. Here we analyze the pattern and process of forest change in the karst mountain regions of Guizhou province between 1980 and 2018 and evaluate how RFF and other driving forces contribute to these changes. Based on a temporal sequence of satellite images, we develop a Markov model to examine the forest change, and found that most of the forests grow on the slopes of 15-25°, the forest cover has increased by 1,410 km<sup>2</sup> between 1980 and 2019, and 36% of cropland in Guizhou province has been converted to forest since 1980. Out of nine municipalities in the province, the most significant increases in forest cover occurs in Qiandongnan, which accounts for 20% (583 km<sup>2</sup>) of the increased area. we also found that the RFF program has had a marked positive impact on forest cover and has also improved hydrothermal conditions in the region. However, population, GDP, and traffic accessibility have a negative impact on forest cover. Climate factors appear to have the least impact on forest change during the period of 1980 to 2018. The findings offer useful information for resource managers to engage in forest protection, deforestation prevention, and ecological restoration in regions with similar conditions.    </p><p><strong>KEYWORDS:</strong> forest; restoration; RFF; GDP; karst areas</p>

scholarly journals Impact of Cereals Production and Cross-border Trade on Food Security in Nigeria: A Time Series Analysis between 1986 and 2017

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fatima Abdullahi Shettima ◽  
Saheed Zakaree ◽  
Suleiman Sa’ad ◽  
Yakaka Abdulhlahi Shettima
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Cereal Production ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to examine the impact of cereals production and cross-border trade on food security in Nigeria between 1986 and 2017. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) econometric technique was employed to analyze the time series secondary data sourced from World Bank Development Indicators, 2017 in order to explain the relationship between food security and the cereal production and cross-border trade. The findings of this study reveal that both in short-run and long-run estimation of error correction model (ECM), cereal domestic production, cereal exports and cereal imports have significant impact on the food security. Accordingly, cereal domestic production and cereal imports have a positive sign, which implies that an increase in cereal domestic production and cereal imports influence food security. While, cereal exports have a negative sign, which suggest that Nigeria as a nation is experiencing deficit in cereal production and therefore, the little quantity produced and exported posit a treat to food security. Based on the findings of this study, it is therefore recommended that policy formulation such as government subsidies in the agricultural sector and any other intervention programmes that will encourage an increase in domestic cereal production as well as policy formulation that will not totally discourage cereal importation should be implemented since its impact on food security is positive. This can be achieved through trade liberalization. On one hand, in as much as cereal export have significant impact on food security; government should be mindful that policy formulation on cereal exports should take into consideration the level of domestic cereal production and consequently its negative impact on food security.

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