scholarly journals Impact of Cereals Production and Cross-border Trade on Food Security in Nigeria: A Time Series Analysis between 1986 and 2017

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fatima Abdullahi Shettima ◽  
Saheed Zakaree ◽  
Suleiman Sa’ad ◽  
Yakaka Abdulhlahi Shettima
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Cereal Production ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to examine the impact of cereals production and cross-border trade on food security in Nigeria between 1986 and 2017. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) econometric technique was employed to analyze the time series secondary data sourced from World Bank Development Indicators, 2017 in order to explain the relationship between food security and the cereal production and cross-border trade. The findings of this study reveal that both in short-run and long-run estimation of error correction model (ECM), cereal domestic production, cereal exports and cereal imports have significant impact on the food security. Accordingly, cereal domestic production and cereal imports have a positive sign, which implies that an increase in cereal domestic production and cereal imports influence food security. While, cereal exports have a negative sign, which suggest that Nigeria as a nation is experiencing deficit in cereal production and therefore, the little quantity produced and exported posit a treat to food security. Based on the findings of this study, it is therefore recommended that policy formulation such as government subsidies in the agricultural sector and any other intervention programmes that will encourage an increase in domestic cereal production as well as policy formulation that will not totally discourage cereal importation should be implemented since its impact on food security is positive. This can be achieved through trade liberalization. On one hand, in as much as cereal export have significant impact on food security; government should be mindful that policy formulation on cereal exports should take into consideration the level of domestic cereal production and consequently its negative impact on food security.

scholarly journals The WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement: Implications for Pakistan’s Domestic Trade Policy Formulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (Special Edition) ◽  
pp. 439-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Trade Facilitation ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Domestic Trade ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Trade

Recognizing that trade facilitation has contributed significantly to reducing costs and time in cross-border trade, World Trade Organization (WTO) members adopted the new Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) at the last ministerial conference in Bali. WTO members are now gearing up to implement the commitments ensuing from the TFA in accordance with the special and differential treatment stipulated for developing countries. This paper assesses the impact of the TFA on Pakistan’s national trade policy and shows how the process of policy formulation in Pakistan should be adjusted so that the agreement can be promptly and correctly implemented on a sustainable basis.

Dynamics of affordability and immigration in the Canadian housing market

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikkram Singh
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Essential Contribution ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to make two major contributions. First, given the literature gap in housing unaffordability for different immigrant groups in Canada, it makes an essential contribution to the literature. To the best of the knowledge, this study is the first study of its kind to examine housing unaffordability by examining different immigrant groups. Second, differences in unaffordability can help understand the decline in welfare, as it can have financial implications and a negative impact on health outcomes. Third, this study’s findings are valuable for policy formulation to improve immigrant integration and ease the housing unaffordability crisis. Design/methodology/approach This study examines the determinants of housing affordability to investigate differences among various immigrant groups in Canada. A bivariate logit model using public microdata from the Canadian census estimates the determinants of moderate and severe unaffordability. Additionally, the separation of tenants and owners provides insights into the dynamics of unaffordability. The results show significant differences between immigrant groups with higher levels of unaffordability among Asian immigrants. The insights can help devise and implement housing assistance programs to address the challenges arising from the post-COVID-19 pandemic phase. Findings The results indicate that unaffordability declines with increasing age, education and full-time employment. Gender dynamics are evident, with women faring worse than men regarding the likelihood of extreme housing unaffordability. Households face a greater likelihood of unaffordability in more populous provinces and larger census metropolitan areas that struggle with the high cost of living, racial disparities and low income. Immigrants, especially from Asia, Africa and the Middle East, continue to struggle with chronic and severe unaffordability issues. The impact is much more severe for those renting, exemplifying the strain it is taking on the financial health of recent immigrants. Originality/value Given the literature gap in housing unaffordability for different immigrant groups in Canada, it makes an essential contribution to the literature. To the best of the knowledge, this study is the first study of its kind to examine housing unaffordability by examining different immigrant groups.

scholarly journals Impact of food availability on child mortality: a cross country comparative analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 283-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agboola Mary Oluwatoyin
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Policy Option ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

The study examined the impact of food security on child mortality (infant mortality and under-five mortality), using a dynamic panel data analysis for 114 countries for the period 1995–2009 by considering a wide range of controlled variables such as income, social indicators and policy variables. The result suggests that food security has a negative impact on child mortality for all countries and even more impact on child mortality within the food insecure African countries. Therefore, based on the findings of the study; it is recommended that an increase in food security is indeed a positive policy option, particularly within the food insecure African countries, since it ensures a decrease in child mortality within these countries.  

scholarly journals Cereal Production Trends under Climate Change: Impacts and Adaptation Strategies in Southern Africa

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luxon Nhamo ◽  
Greenwell Mathcaya ◽  
Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi ◽  
Sibusiso Nhlengethwa ◽  
Charles Nhemachena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
International Aid ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Cereal Production ◽  
The Impact

The increasing frequency and intensity of droughts and floods, coupled with increasing temperatures and declining rainfall totals, are exacerbating existing vulnerabilities in southern Africa. Agriculture is the most affected sector as 95% of cultivated area is rainfed. This review addressed trends in moisture stress and the impacts on crop production, highlighting adaptation possible strategies to ensure food security in southern Africa. Notable changes in rainfall patterns and deficiencies in soil moisture are estimated and discussed, as well as the impact of rainfall variability on crop production and proposed adaptation strategies in agriculture. Climate moisture index (CMI) was used to assess aridity levels. Southern Africa is described as a climate hotspot due to increasing aridity, low adaptive capacity, underdevelopment and marginalisation. Although crop yields have been increasing due to increases in irrigated area and use of improved seed varieties, they have not been able to meet the food requirements of a growing population, compromising regional food security targets. Most countries in the region depend on international aid to supplement yield deficits. The recurrence of droughts caused by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) continue devastating the region, affecting livelihoods, economies and the environment. An example is the 2015/16 ENSO drought that caused the region to call for international aid to feed about 40 million people. In spite of the water scarcity challenges, cereal production continues to increase steadily due to increased investment in irrigated agriculture and improved crop varieties. Given the current and future vulnerability of the agriculture sector in southern Africa, proactive adaptation interventions are important to help farming communities develop resilient systems to adapt to the changes and variability in climate and other stressors.

The Impact of the Change in Payment System for German Psychiatric Clinics on Treatment Success: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (06) ◽  
pp. 559-567
Author(s):  
Christina Niedermeier ◽  
Andrea Barrera ◽  
Eva Esteban ◽  
Ivana Ivandic ◽  
Carla Sabariego
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Intervention Point ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New System

Abstract Background In Germany a new reimbursement system for psychiatric clinics was proposed in 2009 based on the § 17d KHG Psych-Entgeltsystem. The system can be voluntary implemented by clinics since 2013 but therapists are frequently afraid it might affect treatment negatively. Objectives To evaluate whether the new system has a negative impact on treatment success by analysing routinely collected data in a Bavarian clinic. Material and methods Aggregated data of 1760 patients treated in the years 2007–2016 was analysed with segmented regression analysis of interrupted time series to assess the effects of the system on treatment success, operationalized with three outcome variables. A negative change in level after a lag period was hypothesized. The robustness of results was tested by sensitivity analyses. Results The percentage of patients with treatment success tends to increase after the new system but no significant change in level was observed. The sensitivity analyses corroborate results for 2 outcomes but when the intervention point was shifted, the positive change in level for the third outcome became significant. Conclusions Our initial hypothesis is not supported. However, the sensitivity analyses disclosed uncertainties and our study has limitations, such as a short observation time post intervention. Results are not generalizable as data of a single clinic was analysed. Nevertheless, we show the importance of collecting and analysing routine data to assess the impact of policy changes on patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Does Foreign Direct Investment More Important Than Domestic Direct Investment for Export Structure? Evidence from Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariyo DP Irhamna ◽  
Ely Nurhayati ◽  
Adinda Putri Safira ◽  
Galuh Indra Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Export Structure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Export Product

Abstract Scholars have long studied the spillover of FDI on trade. However, there has been limited study which spesifically investigate the impact of FDI on the export structure in a developing country. Does FDI more important than domestic investment for export structure? To examine the question, we test the impact of FDI and DDI on the export structure in time series framework, utilizing data on FDI inflows to Indonesia and export data based on product stage over 1992–2017. The export structure is analyzed based on three categories, namely primary product, intermediate product, and final product. Our results show that domestic investment has a negative impact on the primary export product, while foreign investment has a positive impact on the final export product. The result highlights the importance of domestic and foreign investment in export upgrading.

scholarly journals Globalization and Economic Development: A Study of Nagaland

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-211
Author(s):  
Komol Singha
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Informal Trade ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

With the emergence of globalization, economic integration among nations has become a necessity. Cross border trade is the most important medium of the current wave of globalization. In this process, knowingly or unknowingly the North East economy has emerged in to a new dimension of cross border trade (informal trade) with neighboring nations and that increases Social Welfare of the poor masses of the region. But the formal arrangements, like ‘Look East Policy’ stumbles the social welfare of the region. Border trade is the first and foremost important component of globalization and informal trade is multiple times more than the formal trade in this region. By this process, sustainable development is generated and it is visible now in this region. With the help of primary and secondary data, this paper tries to analyze the impact of globalization or cross border trade in the North East India (NEI). How far this globalization through cross border trade increases social welfare or generates sustainable economic development of the region is the core issue of this paper. For this purpose, the author has selected Nagaland as an area of study. Of late, the Government has initiated several pro-active measures to strengthen its economic growth further. In this direction, India’s Look East Policy is worth mentioning. Under this policy, India seeks economic cooperation with ASEAN and other neighbouring countries through the gateway of the North-Eastern Region. Despite initiatives of economic development, still the process is not heading towards the right direction. There are some institutional lacunae in this process. This paper is the modest attempt to highlight these lacunae and tries to recommend some feasible suggestions to overcome in this direction.

Transformation of domestic trade in Russia in the context of digitalization of the economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.P. Cheglov ◽  
A.N. Stolyarova
Keyword(s):  
Medium Term ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Trading Systems ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Online Sales ◽  
Domestic Trade ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Geographically Distributed ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the development of the consumer market and domestic trade in Russia in the conditions of permanent crisis and digitalization of the economy. The current trends in the transformation of domestic trade are analyzed, and the place of online sales technologies in the medium term is shown. Institutional models of building trade organizations in the online sphere and the impact of cross-border trade are studied. The development of online structures in the medium term is predicted, as well as the impact of cross-border trade. The article substantiates the acceleration of integration processes in the field of online trade, the merging of offline and online infrastructure, the disappearance of small trading businesses as a market entity, its integration into geographically distributed omnichannel trading systems, the development of which will mean de facto monopolization of the market.

Effect of Global Warming on Food Security

2022 ◽  
pp. 115-133
Author(s):  
Arti Yadav ◽  
Badar Alam Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Indian Food ◽  
Agricultural Yields ◽  
The Impact

This chapter will aim to explicate the challenges posed by global warming or the climate change conditions on food security especially from the point of view of India. The negative impact of global warming has been seen, especially in developing economies, on the agricultural yields leading towards food insecurity. The four pillars of food security (i.e., availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability) are having an impact on climate change. The present study will begin by highlighting the concept of global warming. It will further provide an overview of the Indian food security system followed by the impact of global warming on the food security level in India. The study will also highlight the global warming and food security scenario in the present situation of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in India.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document