scholarly journals Connectedness to Nature and Pro-Environmental Behaviour from Early Adolescence to Adulthood: A Comparison of Urban and Rural Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3655
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Anderson ◽  
Tobias Krettenauer
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Behaviour ◽  
Environmental Survey ◽  
Emotional Connectedness ◽  
Connectedness To Nature ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Study Participants

Previous research has demonstrated that emotional connectedness to nature is among the strongest predictors of pro-environmental behaviour. This study investigated the influence of age, gender and living context on emotional connectedness to nature and pro-environmental behaviour in a Canadian sample. Study participants completed an environmental survey, which assessed demographic data as well as levels of emotional connectedness to nature and pro-environmental behaviour. The study contained 1251 participants equally divided across gender, sampled from four different age groups in rural versus urban living contexts throughout Canada. Study results revealed that emotional connectedness to nature was the strongest predictor of pro-environmental behaviour in comparison to the other factors. It was found that adults displayed significantly higher levels of emotional connectedness to nature and pro-environmental behaviour in comparison to adolescents, and that females displayed higher levels of both emotional connectedness to nature and pro-environmental behaviour in comparison to males. Moreover, urban and rural participants significantly differed in their levels of pro-environmental behaviour, but not in their levels of emotional connectedness to nature.

Association of blood pressure with diabetic retinopathy and its severity in patients of type-II diabetics.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 422-427
Author(s):  
Kanwal Ijaz ◽  
Muhammad Luqman Ali Bahoo ◽  
Beenish Karamat ◽  
Asia Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Type Ii Diabetics ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To identify the association of blood pressure with DR and its severity in type two diabetics. Study Design: Descriptive, Correlational study. Setting: Outpatient Department of Layton Rahmatulla Benevolent Trust Eye Hospital, Lahore. Period: 1st July, 2016 to 30th August, 2016. Materials & Method: After recording of demographic data, 80 type two diabetics of age 45-65 years of both genders were evaluated by consultant ophthalmologist for status and grading of diabetic retinopathy. Blood pressure was recorded with the help of mercury sphygmomanometer. Data were entered and analyzed on SPSS version 22. Qualitative variables were mentioned as percentages. For comparison of quantitative variables, student ”t” test or mann whiten U test as per distribution of data, were applied. For exploring the association between blood pressure and diabetic retinopathy, spearman rho correlation test was employed. Results: Out of total 80 patients, 42 had DR of varying grade. Most of the study participants were females (62.5 %). On comparison between two groups, systolic blood pressure was not significantly different however, diastolic blood pressure had significant difference. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure had significant association with severity of DR in both eyes of the patients with only exception of diastolic blood pressure with severity in left eye, which had non-significant correlation. Conclusion: The study results suggest that, blood pressure should be considered as a contributing factor for development and progression of diabetic retinopathy.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Mint and Fenugreek Paste for Reduction of Dysmenorrhea among the Adolescent Girls in Selected Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
Dayana B A A ◽  
Sabeetha S
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Regular Cycle ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Numeric Pain Rating Scale ◽  
Study Participants

Menstruation is an ordinary physiological marvel for ladies showing her capacity for reproduction. Monthly cycle is an intricate cycle, including the conceptive and endocrine framework. It has to be a regular cycle. Anyway, this ordinary wonder isn't a simple one; it is regularly connected with some level of sufferings and shame. The pain during the menstrual cycle is known as Dysmenorrhea. The present study aims to determine the effectiveness of dietary mint and fenugreek paste for the reduction of dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls. A quantitative experimental research was conducted among 60 adolescent girls. A convenient sampling technique was used to select the samples. Self-administered structured questionnaires were used to collect demographic data, and pain scale was assessed. After the Pretest, an intervention was given to the study participants, i.e. administration of 6 grams of mint fenugreek paste prepared from 2 grams of mint powder, 2 grams of fenugreek powder mix with 2 grams of honey. It was given orally twice a day (i.e. 2 days before and 3 days during the cycle). On 5th day after intervention, post-test was conducted by a numeric pain rating scale. The study results shows mint and fenugreek paste had a significant reduction in the dysmenorrhea, p<0.001. Thereby, this indicates that the mint and fenugreek paste is effective in reducing the pain during menstruation.

scholarly journals Language Learning of Children With Typical Development Using a Deductive Metalinguistic Procedure

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizbeth H. Finestack
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Teaching Procedure ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Study Participants

Purpose In the current study, the author aimed to determine whether 4- to 6-year-old typically developing children possess requisite problem-solving and language abilities to produce, generalize, and retain a novel verb inflection when taught using an explicit, deductive teaching procedure. Method Study participants included a cross-sectional sample of 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old children with typical cognitive and language development. The 66 participants were randomly assigned to either a deductive or inductive teaching condition in which they were taught a novel gender morphological inflection across 4 sessions. Learning was assessed on the basis of performance on learning, generalization, and maintenance probes. Results Across all age groups, children were more likely to successfully use the novel gender form when taught using the deductive procedure than if taught using the inductive procedure (Φ range: .33–.73). Analyses within each age group revealed a robust effect for the 5-year-old children, with less consistent effects across the other age groups. Conclusions Study results suggest that 4- to 6-year-old children with typical language and cognitive abilities are able to make use of a deductive language teaching procedure when learning a novel gender inflection. Evidence also suggests that this effect is driven by expressive and receptive language ability.

scholarly journals Collecting as a Cultural and Psychological Phenomenon

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
I.A. Kotliar ◽  
E.A. Zhurkova
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
School Age ◽  
Psychological Phenomenon ◽  
Early School ◽  
Early School Age ◽  
The One ◽  
Main Components

The paper presents results of a pilot study on collecting as a psychological phenomenon. Collecting as a form of activity is analysed from the perspective of its motives, its final result and ways of working with collection objects. The aim of the pilot study was to reveal the content of collecting in children. A special questionnaire based on the object analysis of collecting activity was designed to explore the ways in which the main components of this activity reveal themselves. The data collected in three age groups (early school-age, early adolescence, late adolescence, 119 subjects altogether) showed that, on the one hand, collecting is a polymotivated activity which reflects the collector's system of interests, and, on the other hand, in the process of working with collection objects the collector puts into practice the different methods of organising his/her activity. The main components of collecting are interrelated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Mini-Mental State Examination scores according to different age and education strata, and sex, in a large Brazilian healthy sample

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Kochhann ◽  
Maria Otília Cerveira ◽  
Cláudia Godinho ◽  
Analuiza Camozzato ◽  
Márcia Lorena F. Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Healthy Sample ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Context Knowledge ◽  
State Examination

Abstract Until better measures have been accepted for wider use, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) will continue to be utilized. In this context, knowledge on characteristics and determinants of its distribution for the Brazilian population are particularly valuable. The present study aimed to evaluate, based on multivariate analysis, the independent effect of age, educational level and sex, and their interactions, on MMSE scores in a healthy sample. Methods: Demographic data and scores on the MMSE of 1,553 healthy individuals were analyzed. The sample was grouped according to age and education. Results: The sample was composed of 963 females (62%), mean age ±SD was 49.6±20.7 yrs (range 20 to 92 yrs). The mean years of education ±SD was 8.9±5.5 yrs (range 0 to 28 yrs). The mean score ±SD on the MMSE was 27.3±2.7 (range 15 to 30). A significant effect of the interaction between education and sex (p=0.011), and also between education and age was observed (p=0.003). An independent effect of education (p<0.001) and age (p<0.001) was found. Participants from the higher educated group presented higher MMSE scores than the other groups. Younger adults presented higher MMSE scores than the other age groups. Conclusions: We observed an effect of education and age on MMSE scores. Younger individuals and higher educated participants presented higher scores.

The Effect of Symbol Background Color on the Speed of Locating Targets by Adults Without Disabilities: Implications for Augmentative and Alternative Communication Display Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1482-1488
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Thistle
Keyword(s):  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
The Other ◽  
Background Color ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Display Design ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Research With Children ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Perceptual Factors

Purpose Previous research with children with and without disabilities has demonstrated that visual–perceptual factors can influence the speech of locating a target on an array. Adults without disabilities often facilitate the learning and use of a child's augmentative and alternative communication system. The current research examined how the presence of symbol background color influenced the speed with which adults without disabilities located target line drawings in 2 studies. Method Both studies used a between-subjects design. In the 1st study, 30 adults (ages 18–29 years) located targets in a 16-symbol array. In the 2nd study, 30 adults (ages 18–34 years) located targets in a 60-symbol array. There were 3 conditions in each study: symbol background color, symbol background white with a black border, and symbol background white with a color border. Results In the 1st study, reaction times across groups were not significantly different. In the 2nd study, participants in the symbol background color condition were significantly faster than participants in the other conditions, and participants in the symbol background white with black border were significantly slower than participants in the other conditions. Conclusion Communication partners may benefit from the presence of background color, especially when supporting children using displays with many symbols.

A Bird in the Hand Isn’t Good for Long

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Scherbaum ◽  
Simon Frisch ◽  
Maja Dshemuchadse
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
Folk Wisdom ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract. Folk wisdom tells us that additional time to make a decision helps us to refrain from the first impulse to take the bird in the hand. However, the question why the time to decide plays an important role is still unanswered. Here we distinguish two explanations, one based on a bias in value accumulation that has to be overcome with time, the other based on cognitive control processes that need time to set in. In an intertemporal decision task, we use mouse tracking to study participants’ responses to options’ values and delays which were presented sequentially. We find that the information about options’ delays does indeed lead to an immediate bias that is controlled afterwards, matching the prediction of control processes needed to counter initial impulses. Hence, by using a dynamic measure, we provide insight into the processes underlying short-term oriented choices in intertemporal decision making.

SELECTED MORPHOMETRIC AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF IDE LEUCISCUS IDUS (LINNAEUS, 1758) IN THE LOWER IRTYSH

2017 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Elizaveta L'vovna Liberman ◽  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Chemagin
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Recreational Fishing ◽  
Opisthorchis Felineus ◽  
Gonad Maturity ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Leuciscus Idus ◽  
Old Females

Ide Leuciscus idus (Linnaeus, 1758) belongs to Cyprinidae family and is used in commercial and recreational fishing. Ide is an intermediate host of Opisthorchis felineus . In the control catches (summer 2015, the Lower Irtysh, Uvatsky, Tobolsky and Vagaysky regions of Tyumenskaya Oblast’) there were observed species with lengths 11.9-38.1 cm, with a total weight 45-1085 g. Some species aged 9 years old and even older. The maximum rate of linear growth was registered in ide species younger than 3 years old, at this age annual growth made 5 cm. The annual growth of four-year-old females made 5.4 cm, males - 2.8 cm. Females aged 3+ exceeded males in body weight and length. Species at the age 1+…2+ years old added 204.6% in their mass; at the age 2+…3+ years old - 65.3%, at 3+…4+ years old - 29.4%. Gender and gonad maturity were determined in species older than 2+, but not in all species. Among females aged 2+…4+ there were found species with I and II stage of gonad maturity. Females aged 5+ were spawned-out species having VI-II stage of gonad maturity (48%); female species aged 6+ having IV stage of gonad maturity made 33.4%. Among males in the age groups of 2+ and 3+ there were registered species with I stage (38.5 and 20%, respectively) and II stage (61.5 and 80%, respectively) of maturation only. Fatness degree of studied species ranged from 0 to 5. Species aged 2+ had I stage (24% species); in the aged groups the proportion of such species decreased (5+ years old - 7.8%; 6+ years old - 12.1%; 8+ years old - 5.9%); species aged 2-7 had II stage of fatness; proportion of older species also decreased. Species with III and IV stage of fatness were found more often (III stage was observed in 100% of the fish species at the age of 1+). Proportion of species with V stage was minor, it increased with age. According to the analysis of the study results, nutritive base in the basin is found satisfactory for ide growth and development.

scholarly journals Health status and regularity of preventive activities among working population in Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Georgieva ◽  
M Kamburova ◽  
P Stefanova ◽  
D Tsanova
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Working People ◽  
Population Potential ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Abstract Background Prevention is an important instrument for public health improvement and maintaining workability of active age people. National Health Insurance Fund of Bulgaria (NHIF) finances an annual regular check-up for people over 18 years of age. In addition, working people have access to preventive activities at their workplace. The aim of the study is to explore an actual regularity of preventive activities at active population in Bulgaria. Materials and Methods Data were collected by documents review and direct individual self-administered questionnaire, within a larger research project on health of active population in Bulgaria. It includes 326 employees in a study representing different branches, companies and professions. The questionnaire consists of questions about: a) distribution of risk factors, b) knowledge and attitude to prevention as a tool for better health c) types and regularity of preventive activities. Data processing was performed by SPSS v.24. Results Three of four respondents have been diagnosed with chronic disease, 49.4% of them suffer from more than one disease. One third of observed people take more than one medicine. Despite NHIF offers free of charge and obligatory annual check-ups, only 46% of study subjects have undergone a preventive examination within the last year, 49.7% - between 2 and 5 years and 4.3% have done so more than 5 years ago or never, which decrease the effectiveness of preventive measures. Visiting regular check-ups is significantly lower for younger age groups (below 44 years; p &lt; 0.05). Relatively large part of people measured blood pressure (88.5%), blood glucose (67%) and blood cholesterol (51.5%) during the last year in relation to any symptoms, but not within the regular check-up. Conclusions Study results confirm the current tendency for low coverage of annual check-ups of working population in Bulgaria. Potential of preventive activities is not rationally used because recommended regularity is not observed. Key messages Phenomena as polymorbidity and polypragmasia are widely distributed in Bulgarian active population. Potential of preventive activities is not fully used because recommended regularity is not observed. Despite Bulgarian NHIF finances obligatory annual check-up for people aged over 18 years, most people become subjects of medical examination in case of disease symptoms, rather than regular check-ups.

scholarly journals The UPTAKE study: implications for the future of COVID-19 vaccination trial recruitment in UK and beyond

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonika Sethi ◽  
Aditi Kumar ◽  
Anandadeep Mandal ◽  
Mohammed Shaikh ◽  
Claire A. Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Trial Recruitment ◽  
Trial Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Future

Abstract Background Developing a safe and effective vaccine will be the principal way of controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. However, current COVID-19 vaccination trials are not adequately representing a diverse participant population in terms of age, ethnicity and comorbidities. Achieving the representative recruitment targets that are adequately powered to the study remains one of the greatest challenges in clinical trial management. To ensure accuracy and generalisability of the safety and efficacy conclusions generated by clinical trials, it is crucial to recruit patient cohorts as representative as possible of the future target population. Missing these targets can lead to reduced validity of the study results and can often slow down drug development leading to costly delays. Objective This study explores the key factors related to perceptions and participation in vaccination trials. Methods This study involved an anonymous cross-sectional online survey circulated across the UK. Statistical analysis was done in six phases. Multi-nominal logistic models examined demographic and geographic factors that may impact vaccine uptake. Results The survey had 4884 participants of which 9.44% were Black Asian Minority Ethnic (BAME). Overall, 2020 (41.4%) respondents were interested in participating in vaccine trials; 27.6% of the respondents were not interested and 31.1% were unsure. The most interested groups were male (OR = 1.29), graduates (OR = 1.28), the 40–49 and 50–59 age groups (OR = 1.88 and OR = 1.46 respectively) and those with no health issues (OR = 1.06). The least interested groups were BAME (OR = 0.43), those from villages and small towns (OR = 0.66 and 0.54 respectively) and those aged 70 and above (OR = 1.11). Conclusions In order to have a vaccination that is generalisable to the entire population, greater work needs to be done in engaging a diverse cohort of participants. Public health campaigns need to be targeted in improving trial recruitment rates for the elderly, BAME community and the less educated rural population.

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